藏医外治对老年保健与疾病疗法的应用研究

发布时间：2018-05-21 07:12

  本文选题：老年 + 保健　； 参考：《青海大学》2017年博士论文

【摘要】：研究背景:随着社会和经济的发展,人类平均寿命普遍延长,人口老龄化日益明显,在经济、文化、人体素质等方面给人类社会带来了一定的影响,并随着年龄的增大,老年人机体各重要器官的生理功能和免疫功能等有不同程度的衰退,使老年人身体虚弱、精神不振、一人多病、易发生并发症、药物不良反应多,导致老年人晚年生活质量下降。因而老龄化已成为全世界关注的时尚话题,关于如何实现老年保健及其疾病治疗的讨论与研究,是我们当代广大医护人员及社会各界人士不容忽视的重任。研究目的:本研究运用藏医按摩等外治(温治)疗法对“隆”性老年人保健及其疾病治疗具有最佳疗效为理论依据,研究老年保健与疾病治疗的最佳外治疗法作为主要研究目的。首先通过藏、西医文献研究与临床调查,了解“老年”的含义、老年保健与疾病治疗的总体方案和思路;其次通过三种不同类型的临床调查研究,了解临床上发病率最高的常见老年病及治疗方案,调查放血、温灸、热敷等五种藏医特殊外治疗法对老年保健与疾病治疗效果最佳的治疗方法;最后通过基本理论及临床技能两方面介绍老年保健与疾病的外治疗法及其治疗依据,特殊临床操作规程为目的,以临床上老年人群发病率最高的一例典型疾病为例,说明此病的外治疗法、治疗依据及其特殊临床操作,总结老年保健与疾病治疗的最佳外治疗法。总之,研究藏医外治对老年保健与疾病治疗的方法,提高老年人晚年的生活质量为主要研究目的,并补充现阶段藏医学对老年的认知及其治疗方法为奋斗目标。研究方法:本研究采取了理论研究与临床研究相结合的方法,综合运用了文献研究和临床调查、问卷调查、实地考察、疑难问题讨论等研究方法。查阅了《月王药诊》、《伤寒论》、《西医略论》等古今藏、中、西医学经典书籍、论著、期刊等相关文献进行整理和分析,将藏医五种特色外治疗法对老年保健与疾病疗法的新思维为侧重点,对以上相关文献进行相互比较、分析、归纳、总结,进一步解析“老年”之词的含义、老年保健与疾病治疗的总体治疗方案及其治疗思维;实地考察了青海省藏医院、西藏自治区藏医院、西藏山南地区藏医院、UCLA Medical Plaza(美国洛杉矶加州大学附属医院)和Santa Monika KEN EDWARDS CENTER(三塔莫尼卡海边养老院)等国内外先进的医院和养老院,通过病历查阅、问卷调查、疑难问题讨论等三种研究方法,调查了发病率最高的常见老年病及其治疗方案,总结了在临床上运用哪些老年保健与疾病治疗的藏医外治疗法及其特殊临床操作方法等。研究结果:文献研究的主要结果包括:1.对“老年”之词的解析方面,藏医学认为“老年”是人体的五源和精、气、神三要素的功能逐渐下降,七大正精和消化功能、三身、五官和主感觉运动等功能减退,导致身体虚弱、器官功能减退、易患病等;2.老年人年龄划分标准方面,《四部医典》云:“从出生到十六岁为童年,从童年后直至七十岁,则机体正精、官窍、精光、体力等都充盈发达,称为成年,正精开始衰退称老年”,这与现代世界卫生组织新规划的老年人年龄标准相符合,且与当今老年人社会生活的实际情况相符合;3.衰老的表现和治则方面,藏医人体7种体质中,老年人属“隆性体质”,所以衰老的症状大多表现有“隆”偏升或紊乱而引起的身体虚弱、器官功能衰退等表现;4.老年保健与疾病治疗的思路方面,因为老年人属“隆性体质”,所以老年保健与疾病治则始终考虑治疗“隆”病的饮食起居、药物治疗及外治治疗;5.老年保健与疾病治疗的藏医外治疗法方面,在《四部医典》、《月王药诊》和《杜德桑都忠迈》等藏医经典著作及相关文献记载有藏医放血、温灸、热敷、药浴及按摩疗法,并详细说明对老年保健与疾病治疗有各自的特殊操作方法。临床调查研究的主要结果包括:1.藏区发病率最高的常见老年病方面,本研究调查结果显示藏区老年人发病率最高的常见病有:白脉病、腰椎间盘突出、关节炎、高血压、心脏病和消化不良六种;2.临床上对老年保健与疾病治疗常用的藏医外治方法有五种疗法,即藏医放血、温灸、热敷、药浴和按摩疗法;3.临床医生对老年保健与疾病开展治疗过程中外治疗法运用率最高,并且老年患者评价最好的外治疗法主要有藏医温灸、热敷及按摩疗法3种;4.藏医外治的疗效方面,(1)从治疗方式看,内服藏药和外治综合治疗的疗效高于口服藏药的单一疗效;(2)从年龄分布看,较为年轻老人的疗效尤为明显;(3)从治疗项目和疗程看,较少(1-2项)的外治项目分段治疗在较长(2-3)的疗程(1个疗程一般为7天),此疗效高于较多(3-4项)的外治治疗项目完成在较短(1-2)的疗程。5.藏医外治的特殊疗法方面,因老年人特殊生理和体质,藏医外治对老年保健与疾病治疗的方法不同与成年人群,在老年保健与疾病治疗时,藏医五大外治疗法有各自的特殊操作方法。
[Abstract]:Background: with the development of society and economy, the average life span of human beings is generally prolonged, and the aging of the population is becoming more and more obvious. It has brought a certain influence on the human society in the aspects of economy, culture and human body. With the increase of age, the physiological function and immune function of the important organs of the old people have different degrees of decline. Elderly people are weak, deformed, one person is ill, one is prone to complications, and there are many adverse drug reactions, which lead to a decline in the quality of life in the old age. Therefore, aging has become a popular topic of concern all over the world. The discussion and Research on how to realize the health care and the treatment of disease is the vast majority of our medical staff and the community of society. The purpose of this study is to study the purpose of the study. This study is based on the theoretical basis for the best therapeutic effect of Tibetan massage (Wen Zhi) therapy on the health of "long" old people and the treatment of disease. The best external treatment for the elderly health care and disease treatment is the main purpose of the study. To find out the meaning of "old age", the overall plan and thought of the elderly health care and disease treatment. Secondly, through three different types of clinical investigation, we know the most common geriatric diseases and treatment schemes of the highest incidence in the clinic, and investigate the effect of five special treatment treatments on the health care and disease of the elderly most in the blood, warm moxibustion and hot compress. In the end, through the basic theory and clinical skills two aspects of the elderly health care and disease treatment and treatment basis, special clinical procedures for the purpose of the elderly patients with the highest incidence of a typical case of the disease as an example, to explain the external treatment of the disease, treatment basis and special clinical operation, general To sum up the best external treatment for elderly health care and disease treatment. In a word, it is the main purpose of studying the methods of the treatment of elderly health care and disease and improving the quality of life of the elderly in the old age, and supplemented by the current stage of Tibetan medicine for the elderly and their treatment methods. In combination with clinical research, the methods of literature research and clinical investigation, questionnaire survey, field investigation, and discussion of difficult problems were used. The literature of classical books, treatises, periodicals and other related literature were reviewed and analyzed in western medicine classic books, treatises and periodicals, and the five characteristics of Tibetan medicine were reviewed. The treatment of external treatment focused on the new thinking of health care and disease therapy, compared, analyzed, summed up and summarized the relevant literature, further analyzed the meaning of the words "old age", the overall treatment plan and treatment thinking of the elderly health care and disease treatment, and investigated the Qinghai Tibet hospital and the Tibetan Hospital in Tibet autonomous region. Three advanced hospitals and nursing homes at home and abroad, such as Tibetan Hospital in Shannan area, UCLA Medical Plaza (Losangeles California University Affiliated Hospital) and Santa Monika KEN EDWARDS CENTER (Three Pagoda Monica seaside nursing home), have investigated the highest incidence of the common diseases through medical records consulting, questionnaire investigation, and the discussion of difficult problems. Geriatric disease and its treatment plan, summed up the clinical use of which old health care and disease treatment of Tibetan medicine treatment and special clinical operation. Research results: the main results of the literature study include the analysis of the 1. words "old age", the Tibetan medicine thinks that "old age" is the five source of the human body and the three elements of Qi and God. The function gradually declined, the seven major positive and digestive functions, three body, five senses and the main sensation movement were reduced, resulting in weakness, organ dysfunction, and disease. 2. the age division of the elderly, < four medical codes > clouds: "from birth to sixteen years old, from childhood to seventy years old, the body is fine, official Qiao, semen, body, body, body. This is in accordance with the age standard of the old people of modern WHO, which is in line with the actual situation of the social life of the present aged people. 3. in the expression of aging and the rule of treatment, in the 7 physique of the human body of the Tibetan medicine, the old people belong to the "strong constitution", so senescence Most of the symptoms are manifested as "long" deviation or disorder caused by physical weakness, organ function decline and other performance; 4. the elderly health care and disease treatment ideas, because the elderly are "lung cancer", so the elderly health care and disease treatment always consider the treatment of "long" disease drinking and living, drug treatment and external treatment; 5. old age. In the treatment of Tibetan medicine for health care and disease treatment, the classic works of Tibetan medicine, such as "four medical codes >", < month Wang Medicine > and 'Du Desang Du Zhong Mai > and other Tibetan Medicine Classics and related documents, include Tibetan medicine blood letting, warm moxibustion, hot compress, medicine bath and massage therapy, and detailed description of the special methods of operation for elderly health care and disease treatment. The results included: 1. the common geriatric disease with the highest incidence in the Tibetan area, the results showed that the most common diseases of the elderly in the Tibetan area were white vein disease, lumbar intervertebral disc herniation, arthritis, hypertension, heart disease and indigestion, and 2. of the five treatments of the commonly used Tibetan Medicine for elderly health care and disease treatment were five treatments. Method, namely Tibetan medicine blood letting, warm moxibustion, hot compress, medicine bath and massage therapy; 3. clinicians have the highest use rate in the treatment process of elderly health care and disease, and the best external treatment for elderly patients is Tibetan medicine warm moxibustion, hot compress and massage therapy 3 kinds; 4. Tibetan medicine external treatment effect, (1) from the treatment way of view, inside Tibet The curative effect of the combined treatment of medicine and external treatment was higher than that of the oral administration of Tibetan medicine; (2) from the age distribution, the curative effect of the younger elderly was particularly obvious; (3) from the treatment program and the course of treatment, less (1-2) external treatment projects were treated in a longer (2-3) course (1 courses generally 7 days), and this effect was higher than that of more (3-4) external treatment items. To complete the special treatment in the short (1-2) course of the treatment of.5. Tibetan medicine, because of the special physique and physique of the elderly, the methods for the treatment of elderly health care and disease are different from those of the adult population. In the elderly health care and disease treatment, the five major treatment methods of Tibetan medicine have their own special operation methods.
【学位授予单位】：青海大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R29
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本文编号：1918252