疆夜蛾的生物学特性及生殖行为研究

发布时间：2018-04-12 00:38

  本文选题：疆夜蛾 + 幼虫龄数　； 参考：《河南科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：疆夜蛾属鳞翅目夜蛾科,是河南省洛阳市新发生的一种具有潜在爆发为害能力的重要农业害虫。为明确其生物学特性并为该害虫的预测预报与综合治理提供理论依据,本试验从疆夜蛾幼虫龄数鉴定、生物学指标、生殖行为、不同寄主植物对其生长发育及繁殖的影响等多方面进行了研究,研究结果如下:(1)本研究通过室内人工饲料饲养获取不同发育状态的疆夜蛾幼虫,对其头壳宽度、体长及趾钩数3项形态指标进行测量,依据Dyar定律,利用Crosby生长法则和线性回归方程,明确疆夜蛾幼虫头壳宽度为最佳鉴定龄数的形态指标,腹足趾钩数为鉴定中高龄幼虫龄数的辅助和验证指标,体长变异较大,不宜用于幼虫龄数划分。疆夜蛾幼虫有6龄,1-6龄幼虫的头壳宽度分别为0.20-0.32mm,0.38-0.54 mm,0.70-1.16 mm,1.22-1.64 mm,1.82-2.30 mm,2.64-3.10mm。(2)本试验研究了疆夜蛾在室内温度25±1℃、相对湿度70%-80%、光周期16L:8D条件下成虫的羽化、求偶、交配、产卵行为。结果表明:疆夜蛾羽化行为全天可见,历时50 min左右,主要集中在19:00-23:00,占整日羽化量的47.30%,雌雄成虫平均性比为1:1.167;在凌晨0:00-5:00均可观察到雄蛾明显的求偶行为,占全天的89.00%。成虫交配高峰在凌晨3:00-5:00;雌蛾交配与否均可产卵,已交配雌虫平均产卵量为1552粒(取食人工饲料),显著高于未交配雌蛾的产卵量673粒,与未交配雌蛾相比,已交配雌蛾的产卵前期显著缩短,表明交配行为能够促进疆夜蛾产卵;未交配雌蛾、雄蛾平均寿命为11.10 d和10.68 d,与已交配雌蛾与雄蛾寿命12.81 d和10.08 d无显著差异,表明交配对成虫寿命没有显著影响。(3)本试验在室内温度25℃条件下,研究了马铃薯、大豆、小麦、烟草4种寄主植物对疆夜蛾生长发育和繁殖的影响。结果表明,疆夜蛾的生长发育以及繁殖在不同寄主之间存在着显著差异。疆夜蛾的未成熟发育历期以小麦种群最短(36.41 d),大豆种群最长(40.97 d);整个世代存活率以在大豆上最高(77.27%),在小麦上最低(48.66%);单雌平均产卵量以在烟草上(1283.1粒)最高;在小麦上(659.5粒)最低;通过对生命表参数分析,表明净生殖率(R0)以大豆种群(357.3)最高,显著高于其它三个种群;平均世代历期(T)则以大豆种群最长(44.4 d),小麦种群(37.9 d)最短;内禀增长率(rm)则以马铃薯种群(0.133)和大豆种群(0.132)最高,小麦种群(0.125)最低。研究结果表明4种寄主植物中疆夜蛾的适宜寄主依次为大豆、马铃薯、烟草、小麦。本研究明确了疆夜蛾幼虫龄数鉴定指标,阐明了疆夜蛾幼虫生物学特性及成虫生殖行为,分析了不同寄主植物对其生长发育和繁殖的影响,研究结果为该虫的预测预报与综合治理提供了理论依据。
[Abstract]:Noctuidae belongs to Lepidoptera, which is an important agricultural pest with potential outbreak ability in Luoyang City, Henan Province.In order to clarify its biological characteristics and to provide theoretical basis for the prediction, prediction and integrated management of the pest, the experiment was conducted to identify the larval age, biological index and reproductive behavior of Spodoptera exigua in Xinjiang.The effects of different host plants on their growth, development and reproduction were studied. The results are as follows: (1) in this study, the larvae of Noctuidae spp.Body length and toe hook number were measured. According to Dyar's law, Crosby growth rule and linear regression equation were used to determine that the width of head shell of Spodoptera exigua larva was the best morphological index of identification age.The number of hooks of abdominal toe is the auxiliary and verification index of the number of instar larva in identification, and the variation of body length is great, so it is not suitable for the division of larval age.The results showed that the emergence behavior of Spodoptera exigua could be seen all day, lasting about 50 min, mainly concentrated in 1900-23: 00, accounting for 47.30% of the whole day's emergence amount, the average sex ratio of female and male adult was 1: 1.167, and the obvious courtship behavior of male moth was observed at 0: 00-5: 00 in the morning, accounting for 89.00% of the whole day.The peak of adult mating was from 3: 00 to 5: 00 in the morning. The average number of eggs laid was 1552 eggs (fed artificial feed), which was significantly higher than that of unmated female moth (673 eggs), compared with that of unmated female moth.The early oviposition period of mated female moth was significantly shortened, which indicated that mating behavior could promote spawning of Noctuidae, while the average life span of male moth was 11.10 days and 10.68 days, but there was no significant difference between female moth and male moth in life span of 12.81 days and 10.08 days.The results showed that mating had no significant effect on adult longevity.) the effects of potato, soybean, wheat and tobacco host plants on the growth and reproduction of Noctuidae were studied at 25 鈩，

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