基于图像处理的贮料流态对筒仓侧壁压力影响研究

发布时间：2018-04-28 11:54

本文选题：筒仓 + 动态压力　；参考：《河南工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：筒仓在卸料过程中,动态压力大于静态压力已被大家所公认,但其增大机理尚不清楚,目前包括中国在内的许多国家筒仓设计规范都是在静态压力的基础上采用不同的修正方法来考虑动态压力。因此,探索动态压力增大机理和计算方法一直是筒仓领域亟待解决的重要基础研究课题。本文依托国家自然科学基金项目:“基于装卸料过程能量转换的筒仓动态超压机理研究”(51578216),通过筒仓试验对动态压力增大机理进行研究,主要工作分为三部分,内容如下:1)为更好地观察卸料过程中的物料流态,选用有机玻璃筒仓进行试验,对土压力传感器进行标定,然后安装于筒仓内壁,对仓壁静态侧压力值、卸料过程中动态侧压力值进行测定。将静态压力值和深仓规范、动态压力值分别进行对比分析,计算仓壁各个测点的超压系数大小,比较相同测点的试验结果,分析最大超压系数发生的位置。2)用高速摄像仪拍摄卸料流态,运用MATLAB软件的数字图像处理技术对所拍摄的录像进行图像处理,提出一种利用数字图像处理技术分析研究贮料流态的新方法。将图像处理运用于散体流态研究,尚处于探索阶段,本课题研究体现了学科交叉,为散体力学的研究提供了新的思路和方法。3)考虑装卸料过程中仓壁和仓内贮料二者之间能量的相互转换,研究二者之间的相互作用,探索动态压力增大机理。提出在卸料过程中,仓壁释放其在装料过程中吸收的应变能,打破了仓体内部原本的能量平衡,此时散料对仓壁的压力为被动压力,由此解释动态压力增大机理,在此基础上,利用能量原理建立方程并进行理论分析。
[Abstract]:It has been recognized that the dynamic pressure is greater than the static pressure in the discharging process of silo, but the mechanism of its increase is not clear. At present, many silos design codes, including China, adopt different modified methods to consider dynamic pressure on the basis of static pressure. Therefore, exploring the mechanism and calculation method of dynamic pressure increase has always been an important basic research subject in silo field. Based on the project of National Natural Science Foundation of China: "study on dynamic overpressure mechanism of silo based on energy conversion of loading and unloading process", this paper studies the mechanism of dynamic pressure increase through silo test. The main work is divided into three parts. The contents are as follows: (1) in order to better observe the material flow during discharging, the organic glass silo is selected to carry out the experiment, the earth pressure sensor is calibrated, and then installed on the silo's inner wall, and the static lateral pressure value of the silo wall is calculated. Dynamic lateral pressure was measured during discharge. The static pressure value is compared with the dynamic pressure value and the static pressure value is compared with the dynamic pressure value, and the overpressure coefficient of each measuring point of the silo wall is calculated, and the test results of the same measuring point are compared. Analyzing the location of the maximum overpressure coefficient. 2) using the high-speed camera to take the unloading flow state, and using the digital image processing technology of MATLAB software to process the recorded video. This paper presents a new method for analyzing and studying the flow state of storage materials using digital image processing technology. The application of image processing to the study of bulk flow pattern is still in the exploratory stage. This paper provides a new idea and method for the study of bulk mechanics. 3) considering the energy conversion between the silo wall and the silo during the loading and unloading process, studying the interaction between the two, and exploring the mechanism of dynamic pressure increase. It is proposed that during discharge, the strain energy absorbed by the silo wall during the loading process is released, which breaks the original energy balance of the silo body, and the pressure of the bulk material on the silo wall is a passive pressure, which explains the mechanism of dynamic pressure increase. The energy principle is used to establish the equation and the theoretical analysis is carried out.
【学位授予单位】：河南工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S379.3;TP391.41

【参考文献】