低剂量菌核净对核盘菌促进效应研究

发布时间：2018-04-30 01:05

本文选题：核盘菌 + 菌核净　；参考：《华中农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：核盘菌[Sclerotinia sclerotiorum(Lib.)de Bary]属于子囊菌门核盘菌属,是一类世界性分布的植物病原真菌。本论文以3株田间菌核净抗性菌株(JMS14-J1、HLJ3、HLJ4)为试验材料,研究了低剂量菌核净对核盘菌生长以及致病的促进效应。低剂量菌核净对于核盘菌菌丝的生长有显著促进作用。在马铃薯葡糖糖琼脂培养基上,0.1 mg/L~50 mg/L的菌核净可显著促进JMS14-J1菌丝的生长,最大促进幅度为165.67%;0.1 mg/L~1.6 mg/L的菌核净对HLJ3菌丝生长的最大促进幅度为56.18%;1 mg/L~40 mg/L的菌核净对HLJ4菌丝生长的最大促进幅度为25.46%。此外,1 mg/L~50 mg/L菌核净能显著增加菌株JMS14-J1形成菌核的个数以及干重。低剂量菌核净对于核盘菌的致病力有显著促进作用。在盆栽油菜叶片上,喷施10 mg/L~400 mg/L的菌核净能显著提高JMS14-J1的致病力,最大提高幅度为86.84%;0.01 mg/L~4 mg/L的菌核净能显著提高HLJ3的致病力,最大提高幅度为31.80%;0.1 mg/L~1 mg/L的菌核净能显著提高HLJ4的致病力,最大提高幅度为70.25%。菌株JMS14-J1在含50和100 mg/L菌核净的PDA上生长后,转接到空白PDA上(第一代),菌丝生长显著加快;将第一代菌丝再转接到空白PDA上(第二代),菌丝生长与对照相比无显著差异;在含1 mg/L~100 mg/L菌核净的PDA上生长后,其致病力提高36.69%~123.74%。10 mg/L和50 mg/L菌核净处理对其体内过氧化氢酶活性、过氧化物酶活性、超氧化物歧化酶活性以及产H+能力无显著提高作用。电子显微镜观察结果显示,1 mg/L~50 mg/L菌核净处理后,JMS14-J1菌丝变得稀薄且分枝减少。扫描电镜结果显示,10 mg/L和50 mg/L菌核净处理后,JMS14-J1号菌株菌丝生物量明显增加。转录组测序结果表明,10 mg/L的菌核净对于菌丝的生物过程、细胞组成以及分子功能等模块的基因表达水平具有显著影响。qRT-PCR实验结果与转录组测序结果相关性较好。这些结果为下一步筛选菌核净对核盘菌生长及致病促进效应中起关键作用的基因提供了支持。
[Abstract]:Sclerotinia sclerotiorum(Lib.)de Bary, which belongs to the genus Sclerotinia, is a class of plant pathogenic fungi distributed all over the world. In this paper, the effects of low-dose sclerotia on the growth and pathogenicity of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) were studied by using three field sclerotia net resistant strains JMS14-J1HJ3HLJ4 as experimental materials. Low dose sclerotia can promote the growth of sclerotia significantly. The sclerotia of 0.1 mg/L~50 mg/L on potato glucose-Agar medium could significantly promote the growth of JMS14-J1 hyphae. The maximal promoting range of sclerotia net on HLJ3 hypha growth was 165.670.l mg/L~1.6 mg/L and 56.18.1 mg/L~40 mg/L. The maximum promoting range of sclerotia net on HLJ4 hyphal growth was 25.46. In addition, 1 mg/L~50 mg/L sclerotia net significantly increased the number and dry weight of sclerotia formed by JMS14-J1. Low dose Sclerotinia sclerotiorum can promote the pathogenicity of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. In pot rape leaves, spraying sclerotia for 10 mg/L~400 mg/L could significantly improve the pathogenicity of JMS14-J1, and the sclerotia of 86.84 mg/L~4 mg/L could significantly improve the pathogenicity of HLJ3. The sclerotia net with the maximum increase of 31.80 mg/L~1 mg/L could significantly increase the pathogenicity of HLJ4, and the maximum increase range was 70.25%. After growing on the PDA containing 50 and 100 mg/L sclerotia net, the strain JMS14-J1 was transferred to the blank PDA (the first generation, hyphae growth was accelerated significantly, and the first generation of hyphae was transferred to the blank PDA (the second generation, the hyphal growth was not significantly different from the control). After growing on PDA containing 1 mg/L~100 mg/L sclerotia net, its pathogenicity was increased by 36.690.123.74. 10 mg/L and 50 mg/L. The activity of catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the ability of H production were not significantly increased after treatment with sclerotia of 50 mg/L. The results of electron microscopy showed that the mycelium of JMS14-J1 became thin and branched after the treatment of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum for 1 mg/L~50 mg/L. The results of scanning electron microscope showed that the mycelium biomass of strain JMS14-J1 increased significantly after the treatment of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum for 10 mg/L and 50 mg/L. The results of transcriptome sequencing showed that Sclerotinia sclerotiorum for 10 mg/L had a significant effect on the gene expression level of mycelium, cell composition and molecular function. The results of qRT-PCR had a good correlation with the results of transcriptional sequencing. These results support the screening of genes that play a key role in the growth and pathogenicity of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.
【学位授予单位】：华中农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S432.44

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