舟山沿岸渔业现状调查与管理对策研究

发布时间：2018-05-05 15:14

本文选题：沿岸渔业 + 舟山　；参考：《浙江海洋大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：舟山沿岸渔业是传统的基础产业,曾为舟山社会进步、人民生活水平提高、舟山渔民收入增加发挥了重要作用。与我国海洋渔业发展历程一样,舟山沿岸渔业经济曾经在一段时期内发展迅速,但随后渔业发展问题、捕捞生产问题和资源修复问题等更加突出,沿岸渔业管理的矛盾更加暴露。如何修复沿岸渔场海洋生态,恢复沿岸渔业生物资源,加强沿岸渔业的管理,实现沿岸渔业转型升级,不仅是舟山两区建设的需要,也是实现沿岸渔业可持续发展的关键环节。因而舟山沿岸渔业管理对策研究显得非常重要。本文紧密结合我国渔业管理制度的改革,在舟山沿岸渔业生产情况调查的基础上,围绕舟山沿岸渔业管理制度的现状与困境,综合考虑经济、社会、科技、生态等方面的因素,分析沿岸渔业的特点,提出具体的管理措施和建议意见。首先,本文界定了沿岸渔业和渔业管理的相关概念,论述了目前国内外渔业管理的相关理论,分析了沿岸渔业的特点。其次,通过对舟山沿岸渔业生产现状的各类调查研究,分析得出舟山沿岸渔业存在着沿岸渔场资源严重衰退、传统资源衰竭的困境,渔场冲突和纠纷隐患严重、外来渔船作业是渔业生产冲突导火索等困扰,沿岸渔业管理混乱、捕捞作业活动秩序凌乱等局面,捕捞生产收益下降、社会保障体系不健全等方面的问题。再次,详细介绍了日本现行渔业管理制度,包括可以值得借鉴的渔业权制度,渔业许可证制度,渔业调整委员会制度等,探讨了对舟山沿岸渔业管理的启示:注重民间组织,具体、完善的渔业法规,完善的科研体系,有序的市场管理。最后,结合渔业管理相关理论、舟山沿岸渔业生产存在的问题、舟山沿岸渔业的特产特点和日本先进沿岸渔业管理的经验,提出了改革与创新舟山沿岸渔业管理制度的对策,分别为:建立渔业行业准入制度,确立海洋捕捞渔业权制度,建立政府与渔民之间的对话机制,加强沿岸渔业自治组织建设、实行共同管理;同时出台一些配套政策和措施:科学规划沿岸渔场,调整产业结构、拓宽转产转业,加大增殖放流、推进海洋牧场建设,特别是两个国家级的海洋牧场示范区建设,等。通过对舟山沿岸渔业管理对策的研究,通过推动沿岸渔场海洋生态和渔业生物资源的保护与修复,实现舟山沿岸渔业可持续发展的目的,并期望对我国沿岸渔业的管理能起到一定示范效应。
[Abstract]:Zhoushan coastal fishery is a traditional basic industry, which has played an important role in the social progress of Zhoushan, the improvement of people's living standard and the increase of fishermen's income in Zhoushan. Like the development of marine fishery in China, the fishery economy along Zhoushan coast developed rapidly for a period of time, but the problems of fishery development, fishing production and resource restoration became more prominent. The contradictions in coastal fisheries management are even more exposed. How to restore the marine ecology of coastal fishing grounds, restore the biological resources of coastal fisheries, strengthen the management of coastal fisheries, and realize the transformation and upgrading of coastal fisheries are not only the needs of the construction of Zhoushan two regions, but also the key link to realize the sustainable development of coastal fisheries. Therefore, it is very important to study the countermeasures of fisheries management along Zhoushan coast. On the basis of the investigation of fishery production along Zhoushan coast, this paper closely combines the reform of fishery management system in our country, and on the basis of the present situation and predicament of fisheries management system along Zhoushan coast, it synthetically considers the factors of economy, society, science and technology, ecology, and so on. This paper analyzes the characteristics of coastal fisheries and puts forward concrete management measures and suggestions. Firstly, this paper defines the related concepts of coastal fisheries and fisheries management, discusses the relevant theories of fisheries management at home and abroad, and analyzes the characteristics of coastal fisheries. Secondly, through the investigation and research on the current situation of fishery production in Zhoushan coastal area, it is concluded that there is a serious decline of fishery resources along the coast of Zhoushan, the predicament of the depletion of traditional resources, the hidden dangers of fishery conflicts and disputes. The foreign fishing vessel operation is the trouble of fishery production conflict, the coastal fishery management is chaotic, the order of fishing operation is disorderly, the profit of fishing production is declining, the social security system is not perfect and so on. Thirdly, the paper introduces in detail the current fisheries management system in Japan, including the fishery rights system, the fishery license system and the fisheries adjustment committee system, which can be used for reference, and discusses the enlightenment to the fisheries management along the Zhoushan coast: pay attention to the non-governmental organizations. Concrete, perfect fishery regulation, perfect scientific research system, orderly market management. Finally, combining with the relevant theory of fishery management, the problems existing in the fishery production along the coast of Zhoushan, the characteristics of the special products of the coastal fisheries in Zhoushan and the experience of advanced coastal fisheries management in Japan, the countermeasures of reforming and innovating the management system of the fisheries along the coast of Zhoushan are put forward. They are: establishing the fishery industry access system, establishing the marine fishing fishery right system, establishing the dialogue mechanism between the government and the fishermen, strengthening the construction of the coastal fishery autonomous organization, and carrying out the joint management; At the same time, some supporting policies and measures were put forward: scientific planning of coastal fishing grounds, adjustment of industrial structure, widening of productive conversion, increasing proliferation and releasing, promoting the construction of marine pastures, especially the construction of two state-level demonstration areas of marine pastures, and so on. Through the study on the countermeasures of fisheries management in Zhoushan, the sustainable development of fisheries along Zhoushan can be achieved by promoting the protection and restoration of marine ecology and fishery biological resources in coastal fisheries. It is expected to play a demonstration role in the management of China's coastal fisheries.
【学位授予单位】：浙江海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F326.4

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