红树林群落恢复过程中林下更新、土壤与水质变化的研究

发布时间：2018-05-19 05:45

  本文选题：红树林 + 群落　； 参考：《中南林业科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文主要以珠海市淇澳岛的红树林保护区以及海南省东寨港的红树林保护区内典型红树林群落作为研究对象,深入了解红树林群落恢复过程中群落特征、土壤理化性质和水质因子的动态变化特征及其相互关系。本研究对我国现有的红树林恢复、生物多样性保护、生态安全等方面具有十分重大的意义,并对我国红树林乃至世界范围内的红树林的保护、恢复以及管理等工作具有宝贵的指导和参考价值。主要结论如下:1.珠海市淇澳岛红树林群落结构相对简单,总体呈现出以乔木为优势的群落特征;混交林群落能够充分利用地力和空间,群落内结构相对复杂,枯落物数量和生物量较大;天然林秋茄在生物量、树种组成以及群落结构方面均更有优势;天然林秋茄群落物种多样性高于其他群落。海南东寨港红树林群落组成较丰富,植被的数量以及种类较多;海莲、无瓣海桑以及人工林秋茄群落,物种组成相对简单,发育成单层群落;天然林秋茄、海桑等群落为双层群落结构;3次调查发现,各群落的Simpon指数随时间会有所变化,各个群落间差异显著;总体来看,随时间的变化,群落的Pielou指数亦不尽相同。2.珠海市淇澳岛以及海南省东寨港各样地土壤主要以壤土为主,2次调查结果无明显变化,各样地在土壤质地上差异不大,养分承载能力相当。淇澳岛的混交林群落样地以及天然林群落样地的土壤有机碳的含量高于人工纯林的含量;东寨港天然林秋茄样地土壤含有的有机质高于人工林秋茄样地。群落结构趋向稳定的天然林以及群落组成更为复杂的混交林土壤有机质能得到更好的积累。土壤有机碳积累同林分组成、林龄和林分起源具有相关关系。随着时间变化,群落结构发生变化,调查的群落土壤的化学性质亦发生变化。3.珠海市淇澳岛第三次调查下游水样含盐量最高,第三次调查表明,其浊度低于前两次调查。其5月份水体溶解氧含量高于10月份,向海方向溶解氧含量增高,近岸端受到干扰的现象较为显著。同水体溶解氧规律相似,同样是向海端含量低于近岸端。调查结果表明无瓣海桑群落对污水具有一定的净化作用以及降解能力。淇澳岛样地水质不存在铜、镉、铅等重金属污染现象。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the mangrove communities in Qiao Island, Zhuhai City, and typical mangrove communities in Dongzhai Port, Hainan Province are taken as the research objects, and the community characteristics during the restoration process of mangrove communities are deeply understood. The dynamic change characteristics of soil physical and chemical properties and water quality factors and their correlation. This study is of great significance to the restoration of mangroves, biodiversity conservation, ecological security and so on, and the protection of mangroves in our country and even in the world. Recovery and management have valuable guidance and reference value. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. The community structure of mangroves in Qiao Island of Zhuhai City is relatively simple, and the community characteristics are dominated by Arbor, the mixed forest community can make full use of land force and space, the structure of the community is relatively complex, the quantity of litter and biomass is larger. There were more advantages in biomass, tree species composition and community structure in the natural forest, and the species diversity in the natural forest was higher than that in the other communities. Hainan Dongzhai Port mangrove community composition is rich, the vegetation quantity and the species are many; the sea lotus, the non-petal mulberry and the artificial forest autumn eggplant community, the species composition is relatively simple, develops into the monolayer community; the natural forest autumn tomato community, It was found that the Simpon index of each community changed with time, and the difference between communities was significant. In general, the Pielou index of community varied with time. In Qiao Island of Zhuhai City and Dongzhai Port in Hainan Province, the soil was mainly loam. The results of two surveys showed no obvious change, but there was no significant difference in soil texture and nutrient carrying capacity in each land. The soil organic carbon content of mixed forest community and natural forest community in Qi'ao Island was higher than that of artificial pure forest, and the organic matter content in autumn tomato plot of Dongzhai Port was higher than that in artificial autumn tomato plot. The soil organic matter of the mixed forest with stable community structure and complex community composition can be accumulated better. Soil organic carbon accumulation was correlated with stand composition, forest age and stand origin. With the change of time, the community structure changed, and the chemical properties of the investigated community soil also changed. 3. The third survey in Qi'ao Island of Zhuhai City showed that the salt content in the downstream water samples was the highest and the turbidity was lower than that in the previous two surveys. The dissolved oxygen content in the water in May is higher than that in October, and the dissolved oxygen content in the direction of the sea is higher than that in October. Similar to the law of dissolved oxygen in water, the content of oxygen in the seaward end is lower than that in the near shore. The results showed that the community had certain purification and degradation ability to sewage. The water quality of Qi'ao Island is not polluted by heavy metals such as copper, cadmium, lead and so on.
【学位授予单位】：中南林业科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S718.5
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本文编号：1908939