复合益生菌对大菱鲆（Scophthalmus maximus）生长、免疫等指标的影响

发布时间：2018-05-19 08:41

本文选题：复合益生菌 + 大菱鲆　；参考：《大连海洋大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本研究通过在饲料中添加复合益生菌,测定其对大菱鲆生长性能、肠道消化酶活性、非特异性免疫等指标的影响,为在大菱鲆的饲料中添加复合益生菌的可行性提供理论基础。选用体重为20.04±0.23 g的大菱鲆幼鱼180尾,随机分为三组,每组三个平行,分别为T0,T1,T2,复合益生菌的添加量分别是饲料重量的0%,1%,5%。60天的饲养试验结束后,结果表明:鱼体的终末体重、特定生长率、增重率随着复合益生菌添加量的增加而明显增加,且在T2效果更为明显(P0.05);随着复合益生菌的添加量增加饲料系数明显降低,且T2下降更为明显(P0.05);添加复合益生菌的处理组T1和T2中鱼体的肥满度和全鱼及背部肌肉的粗蛋白较T0有明显的增加(P0.05),背部肌肉的粗灰分在T2中有所减少(P0.05),而鱼体肝体比、肠体比、脏体比,全鱼及背部肌肉的粗脂肪,全鱼的粗灰分、鱼体血液部分生理生化指标并没有显著性的差异(P0.05)。添加复合益生菌的处理组T1和T2中鱼体肠道消化酶活性有增加的趋势,且T1的淀粉酶活性、T2的蛋白酶活性、T1和T2的脂肪酶活性有显著增加(P0.05)。随着复合益生菌的梯度增加,厚壁菌门在T2中的含量要高于其他组(P0.05),酸酐菌门的含量不断增加,且在T2中最大(P0.05),T2的ACE指数较T0有明显增加(P0.05),而T2的Shannon指数要明显高于其他组(P0.05),其他指数没有显著性差异(P0.05)。对肠道组织学观察发现随着复合益生菌添加量的增加,肠道绒毛数量、肠壁厚度、每100μm杯状细胞数有明显的增加,且T2的肠道绒毛数量、每100μm杯状细胞数,T1和T2的肠壁厚度增加更为明显(P0.05)。对大菱鲆的部分非特异性免疫指标及相关基因的表达量进行检测,结果为:随着复合益生菌添加量的增加血清中ACP、CAT、SOD的活性有明显增加的趋势,且T2的ACP的活性,T1和T2的CAT、SOD的活性有显著性的增加(P0.05);肝脏中ACP、AKP、CAT、SOD、LZM的活性随着复合益生菌添加量的变化而变化,且T1和T2的ACP、AKP的活性T2的CAT、SOD、LZM的活性有显著性的增加(P0.05);随着复合益生菌添加量的增加,肝脏中与SOD、LZM活性相关的基因表达量也不断增加,且在T2中达到最大(P0.05)。综上,饲料中添加复合益生菌能够提高大菱鲆的生长性能、提高消化酶活性、改善肠道菌群和部分非特异性免疫。
[Abstract]:In this study, the effects of compound probiotics on the growth performance, intestinal digestive enzyme activity and non-specific immunity of turbot were determined, which provided a theoretical basis for the feasibility of adding compound probiotics to the feed of turbot. 180 juvenile turbot fishes weighing 20.04 卤0.23 g were selected and randomly divided into three groups, each group having three parallel groups, namely, T0, T1, T2, and the amount of compound probiotics was the feed weight of 0x1 / 50.60 days. The results showed that the final body weight of the fish was the end weight of the fish. The specific growth rate, weight gain rate increased obviously with the increase of compound probiotics addition, and the effect was more obvious in T2, and the feed coefficient decreased obviously with the increase of compound probiotics addition. Moreover, the decrease of T2 was more obvious than that of P0.05.The fat fullness of fish and the crude protein of whole fish and back muscle in treatment group T1 and T2 were significantly higher than that of T0, and the crude ash content of back muscle was decreased in T2, while the ratio of liver to body of fish was decreased. There was no significant difference in intestinal body ratio, visceral body ratio, crude fat of whole fish and back muscle, crude ash content of whole fish and some physiological and biochemical indexes of fish body blood. The digestive enzyme activity of digestive tract increased in T1 and T2 groups, and the activity of amylase in T1 and lipase activity in T2 increased significantly in T1 and T2 groups. With the increase of the gradient of compound probiotics, the content of phylum thuringiensis in T2 was higher than that in other groups, and the content of acid-anhydride phylum was increasing. The ACE index of T _ 2 was significantly higher than that of T _ 0, while the Shannon index of T _ 2 was significantly higher than that of other groups. There was no significant difference in other indexes. With the increase of compound probiotics, the number of intestinal villi, the thickness of intestinal wall, the number of goblet cells per 100 渭 m, and the number of intestinal villi in T2 were observed. The thickness of intestinal wall in T1 and T2 cells per 100 渭 m goblet cells increased significantly (P 0.05). Some nonspecific immune indexes and the expression of related genes in turbot were detected. The results showed that the activity of ACP-CAT SOD in serum increased significantly with the increase of the amount of compound probiotics. The activity of ACP in T _ 2 and T _ 2 increased significantly (P 0.05), and the activity of ACP in liver changed with the addition of compound probiotics. Moreover, the activity of ACPN AKP in T1 and T2 was significantly increased with the addition of compound probiotics, and the expression of genes related to SOD LZM activity in liver was also increased, and reached the maximum P0.05 in T2. In conclusion, the addition of compound probiotics in feed can improve the growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, intestinal flora and partial non-specific immunity of turbot.
【学位授予单位】：大连海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S965.399

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