复合酶制剂的体外筛选及其在蛋鸡低能日粮中的应用

发布时间：2018-05-19 11:09

本文选题：酶制剂 + 配方筛选　；参考：《沈阳农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本试验通过体外消化试验筛选出纤维素酶、木聚糖酶和葡萄糖氧化酶的最适配方,将筛选出的复合酶制剂配方应用在蛋鸡低能日粮中,研究复合酶制剂对蛋鸡生产性能,蛋品质、养分代谢率和血液指标的影响。试验结果如下:试验一:复合酶配方的体外筛选1.本试验采用国标方法对3种酶的活性进行测定,3种酶活性测定值为:木聚糖酶46863.47u/g,纤维素酶 8452.61u/g,葡萄糖氧化酶 1000.00u/g。2.本试验采用3×3完全交叉设计试验,使用体外消化法模拟饲料在机体内消化情况,获得消化产物,测定干物质消化率。3种酶对干物质消化率都具有极显著作用,对干物质消化率效果最佳的单酶剂量为:木聚糖酶4500u/g、纤维素酶250u/g、葡萄糖氧化酶300u/g。综上所述,筛选的复合酶配方为:纤维素酶250u/g,木聚糖酶4500u/g,葡萄糖氧化酶300u/g。试验二:低能日粮中添加不同水平的复合酶制剂对产蛋鸡的生产性能、蛋品质、养代谢率和血液指标的影响。选择480只蛋鸡,随机分为5组,每组3个重复,每个重复32只鸡。其中正对照组饲喂普通的基础日粮,负对照组和试验组的日粮比普通的基础日粮降低能量0.21MJ/kg,使得试验组的复合酶添加量的分别为200g/t、300g/t、400g/t。通过饲养试验验证此复合酶对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、养分代谢率及血液指标的影响,并判断添加的最适剂量,为复合酶在蛋鸡上的应用提供依据。1.生产性能方面:降低能量对蛋鸡的生产性能产生影响,添加复合酶制剂蛋鸡生产性能具有改善作用。负对照组的平均蛋重比正对照组降低了 1.22%(P0.05),试验1组的平均蛋重比正对照组升高了 1.38%(P0.01),比负对照组升高了 2.63%(P0.05),并且试验1组的平均蛋重也显著高于试验2组和试验3组(P0.05)。负对照组的产蛋率比正对照组降低了 10.01%(P0.01),试验2组产蛋率比正对照组降低了 3.24%(P0.05),比负对照组升高了 7.53%(P0.01)。负对照组的料蛋比比正对照组降低了 16.11%(P0.05),试验1组、试验2组、试验3组的料蛋比均低于负对照组,但是差异不显著(P0.05)。所以在蛋鸡生产性能方面,最优试验组为试验2组。2.蛋品质方面:试验1组、试验2组、试验3组与正对照组和负对照组相比,蛋壳厚度、强度、蛋重、蛋白高度、哈夫单位以及蛋黄颜色均差异不显著(P0.05)。3.养分代谢率方面:低能日粮中添加复合酶制剂具有促进干物质代谢率的作用,其中试验3组的干物质代谢率显著高于负对照组,提高了 8.76%(P0.05),并且与正对照组之间差异不显著(P0.05)。添加复合酶制剂促进了粗蛋白代谢,试验2组的粗蛋白代谢率比正对照组升高了 5.77%(P0.05),试验3组粗蛋白代谢率比正对照组升高了10.60%(P0.01),试验2组和试验3组的粗蛋白代谢率比负对照组分别升高了 6.92%(P0.05)、11.80%(P0.01)。低能日粮中添加酶制剂能促进饲料表观代谢能,其中试验1组、试验3组表观代谢能比负对照组分别升高了 8.73%、9.04%,差异显著(P0.05),但是试验1组与试验3组均极显著低于正对照组(P0.01)。因此在养分代谢率中效果较好的试验组为试验3组。4.血液指标方面:试验1组、试验3组血清白蛋白较正对照组得到极显著的升高(P0.01),并且极显著地高于负对照组(P0.01);试验2组、试验3组血清球蛋白较负对照组得到了显著地提高(P0.05),并且极显著地高于正对照组;试验1组血清中总蛋白含量较负对照组得到了显著地提高(P0.05),试验2组、试验3组血清总蛋白含量极显著地高于负对照组(P0.01),并且极显著地高于正对照组(P0.01);试验2组和试验3组血清总胆固醇含量显著高于正对照组和负对照组(P0.05);试验1组血清甘油三酯较负对照组显著性地降低(P0.05),并且极显著地低于正对照组(P0.01),试验2组、试验3组血清甘油三酯与负对照组相比,差异不显著(P0.05),但是极显著地低于正对照组(P0.01)。酶制剂对血清中钙的含量影响不大,各组之间差异不显著(P0.05),试验1组磷含量显著高于正对照组和负对照组(P0.05),试验3组磷含量极显著地高于正对照组和负对照组(P0.01)。综上所述,添加一定量的酶制剂能够弥补降低能量对蛋鸡产生的负面影响,能提高蛋鸡生产性能、提高养分代谢率,促进血液指标。整体比较来看,200g/t蛋鸡生产效果较好。
[Abstract]:In this experiment, the optimum formula of cellulase, xylanase and glucose oxidase was screened out through in vitro digestion test. The compound enzyme formulation was used in the low energy diet of laying hens, and the effects of compound enzyme preparation on the production performance, egg quality, nutrient metabolism rate and blood liquid index of laying hens were studied. The experimental results were as follows: Test 1: compound In vitro screening of enzyme formula in 1. experiments, the activity of 3 enzymes was measured by national standard method. The determination of the activity of the 3 enzymes was: xylanase 46863.47u/g, cellulase 8452.61u/g, and glucose oxidase 1000.00u/g.2. in this experiment, using 3 x 3 complete cross design test, using in vitro digestion method to simulate the digestion of feed in the body and obtain the results. The digestibility of the digestibility of dry matter has a very significant effect on the digestibility of dry matter. The optimum single enzyme dose for the digestibility of dry matter is: xylanase 4500u/g, cellulase 250u/g, and glucose oxidase 300u/g.. The selected compound enzyme is as follows: cellulase 250u/g, xylanase 4500u/g, glucose oxygen. Enzyme 300u/g. test two: the effects of different levels of compound enzymes on the production performance, egg quality, metabolism rate and blood indexes of laying hens were added to low energy diets. 480 layers were randomly divided into 5 groups, 3 repetitions in each group, and 32 chickens for each repetition. The normal control group was fed with the normal basal diet, the negative control group and the test group. The ratio of the compound enzyme added to the test group was 200g/t, 300g/t, and 400g/t., respectively, to verify the effect of the compound enzyme on the production performance, egg quality, nutrient metabolism rate and blood index, and to judge the optimum dosage of the compound enzyme, which provided the basis for the application of the compound enzyme in the laying hens. According to the production performance of.1., the production performance of laying hens was reduced by reducing energy. The average egg weight of the negative control group was 1.22% lower than that of the control group (P0.05). The average egg weight of the negative control group was 1.38% (P0.01) higher than that in the control group, and 2.63% (P0.05) was higher than that of the negative control group. The average egg weight of the 1 groups was also significantly higher than that of the test 2 and the 3 groups (P0.05). The egg production rate in the negative control group was 10.01% (P0.01) lower than that in the control group, and the rate of egg production in the 2 groups was 3.24% (P0.05) and 7.53% (P0.01) higher than that in the negative control group. The ratio of egg to eggs in the negative control group was 16.11% lower than that in the control group (P0.05). Test 1 groups, test 2 groups, 3 groups of material and egg ratio were lower than the negative control group, but the difference was not significant (P0.05). So in the production performance of the egg chicken, the optimal test group was 2 groups of egg quality: Test 1, 2 groups, 3 groups compared with the normal control group and negative control group, eggshell thickness, strength, egg weight, protein height, Hough unit And the color difference of egg yolk was not significant (P0.05).3. nutrient metabolism rate: adding compound enzyme preparation in low energy diet promoted dry matter metabolism rate, and the dry matter metabolism rate of 3 groups was significantly higher than that of negative control group, increased by 8.76% (P0.05), and there was no significant difference between the control group and the control group (P0.05). The crude protein metabolism of the 2 groups was increased by 5.77% (P0.05). The crude protein metabolism rate in the 3 groups was 10.60% higher than that in the normal control group (P0.01). The crude protein metabolism rate of the 2 groups and the 3 groups increased by 6.92% (P0.05), 11.80% (P0.01), and the enzyme preparation in the low energy diet was added. Promoting the apparent metabolic energy of feed, among the 1 groups, the apparent metabolic energy of the 3 groups was increased by 8.73% and 9.04%, respectively (P0.05), but the 1 groups and the 3 groups were significantly lower than the positive control group (P0.01). Therefore, the experimental group with better effect in the nutrient metabolism rate was the 3 groups of.4. blood indexes: the test 1, The serum albumin in the 3 groups was significantly higher than that in the positive control group (P0.01), and significantly higher than that in the negative control group (P0.01). The test 2 groups, 3 groups of serum globulin were significantly higher than the negative control group (P0.05), and significantly higher than that in the control group; the total protein content in the serum of 1 groups was significantly higher than that in the negative control group. The total serum protein content in the 3 groups was significantly higher than that of the negative control group (P0.01), and the total serum total cholesterol content in the 2 groups and the test groups was significantly higher than that of the positive control group and the negative control group (P0.05), and the serum triglyceride in the 1 groups was significantly lower than the negative control group in the test group (P0.05). (P0.05) and significantly lower than the control group (P0.01), test 2 groups, 3 groups of serum triglycerides compared with the negative control group, the difference was not significant (P0.05), but very significantly lower than the control group (P0.01). The enzyme preparation has little effect on the content of calcium in the serum, there is no significant difference between the groups (P0.05), the 1 groups of phosphorus in the test group are significantly higher than the positive pair. The content of phosphorus in the 3 groups was significantly higher than that of the control group and the negative control group (P0.01). To sum up, the addition of a certain amount of enzyme preparation could make up the negative effects of reducing energy on laying hens, and could improve the performance of the laying hens, increase the rate of nutrient metabolism, and promote the blood indexes. The overall comparison of the 200g/t laying hens was the overall comparison. The effect of production is better.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S831.5

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