滴灌下施氮磷钾肥对苜蓿产量和品质的影响

发布时间：2018-05-20 00:35

本文选题：苜蓿 + 滴灌　；参考：《塔里木大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近些年新疆大力发展节水灌溉技术,随着国家振兴奶业苜蓿行动、粮改饲等政策的实施,促进了苜蓿的种植。采用浅埋式滴灌技术种植苜蓿,产量得到了提高,但对其施肥技术研究较少,为此,本试验通过“3414”试验设计,研究施氮、磷、钾肥对苜蓿草产量和品质的影响,研究结果如下:滴灌下施氮肥、磷、钾肥提高紫花苜蓿产量,提高产量0.79%~84.7%,其中N60P180K120处理苜蓿产量最高为35017.50 kg/hm~2,增产率54.55%,差异显著(p0.05)。施N90kg/hm~2增产最好54.55%,60kg/hm~2增产47.73%,30kg/hm~2增产为42.73%;施磷肥180 kg/hm~2增产最好为83.25%,120 kg/hm~2增产47.73%,60kg/hm~2增产69.63%;施钾肥180 kg/hm~2减产23.31%,120 kg/hm~2减产4.69%,60kg/hm~2减产1.47%。土壤缺素分析,缺氮相对产量为62.86%,缺磷相对产量为54.57%,缺钾相对产量为97.43%;缺素最严重的为P,其次为N,最后为K;施肥应该优先施P、N肥,其次为K肥。滴灌下施氮肥、磷、钾肥可提高苜蓿品质,通过关联分析N60P180K120处理最好。随施氮肥量的增加苜蓿干草的RFV而增加;施N改善品质,N_(90)P_(120)K_(120)处理CP和RFV最高分别为19.18%和148.97。施P改善品质,N60P180K120处理RFV最高157.11,N60P180K120处理CP含量最高18.85%。施K改善品质,N60P120K180处理RFV最高147.97,N_(90)P_(120)K_(120)处理CP含量最高为19.23%。通过关联分析本试验地区滴灌苜蓿推荐施肥量N 90 kg/hm~2,P 120 kg/hm~2,K 120 kg/hm~2。
[Abstract]:In recent years, Xinjiang has vigorously developed water-saving irrigation technology, with the implementation of the national policy of revitalizing the dairy industry, alfalfa, food and forage, promoted alfalfa planting. The yield of alfalfa planted by shallow drip irrigation was improved, but the fertilization technique was less studied. Therefore, the effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer on the yield and quality of alfalfa was studied by "3414" experimental design. The results were as follows: application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer under drip irrigation increased alfalfa yield and increased yield by 0.79% ~ 84.7%. The highest yield of alfalfa treated with N60P180K120 was 35017.50 kg / hm ~ (-2), and the increase rate was 54.55% (P < 0.05). The best yield of applying N90kg/hm~2 was 47.73kg / hmmt2 (47.73kg / hmmt2), the yield of phosphorous fertilizer 180 kg/hm~2 was 83.25kg / hmmni2, the best was 47.73kg / hmmni2, and the yield of potassium 180 kg/hm~2 was 23.31kg / hmmni2, 4.69kg / hmm-2, 4.69kg / hmm-2, respectively. The relative yield of nitrogen deficiency, phosphorus deficiency and potassium deficiency were 62.86, 54.57 and 97.43, respectively. The quality of alfalfa could be improved by applying nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer under drip irrigation, and N60P180K120 treatment was the best. The RFV of alfalfa hay increased with the increase of nitrogen application amount, and the maximum of CP and RFV were 19.18% and 148.97%, respectively, when N was applied to improve the quality of alfalfa hay. Applying P to improve the quality of RFV treated with N60P180K120 had the highest CP content of 18.85 in the treatment of N60P180K120 and the highest of 157.11N60P180K120. Application of K to improve the quality of RFV in the treatment of N60P120K180 the highest CP content in the treatment was 19.23g / kg. Based on the correlation analysis, the recommended fertilizer N 90 kg / hm 2 + P 120 kg / hm 2 K 120 kg 路hm 2 路h ~ (-1) of alfalfa in this experimental area was analyzed. The results showed that the recommended fertilization rate of alfalfa was 20 kg / h ~ (-1).
【学位授予单位】：塔里木大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S541

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