2ZZ-3型深松培垄施肥联合作业机的设计与试验

发布时间：2018-05-29 10:29

本文选题：农业机械 + 设计　；参考：《农业工程学报》2016年24期

【摘要】：深松培垄施肥是玉米等作物种植过程中重要的田间管理环节,具有打破犁底层,加深耕作层,改善耕层结构,提高土壤蓄水保墒、抗旱耐涝的能力。针对东北地区常年作业所导致的土壤耕层较浅、土壤板结严重以及深松阻力大的问题,结合了深松、培土和施肥等关键技术,设计一种与32.5 k W以上拖拉机相配套的可一次性完成深松培垄和追肥等多项作业的深松培垄联合作业机。以拖拉机前进速度、垄沟深松深度、培土器开角为因素,伤苗率和比阻作为评价指标,进行了三因素三水平正交试验。结果表明:各因素对伤苗率和比阻影响的主次顺序依次为深松深度、培土器开角、前进速度;因素水平上的最优组合为深松深度为25 cm,起垄犁开角为60°,前进速度为5 km/h,伤苗率均值为3.31%,比阻均值为1.97 N/cm2。经过田间试验作业性能好,各项作业指标达到了农艺要求。深松培垄同时作业减少了动力消耗,减少了工作阻力,为旱地合理耕层的构建配套机具提供了参考。
[Abstract]:Application of fertilizer in deep cultivation ridge is an important part of field management in maize planting process. It has the ability of breaking the bottom of plow, deepening the layer of plough, improving the structure of tilling layer, increasing soil water storage and moisture conservation, drought and waterlogging resistance. In view of the problems of shallow topsoil layer, serious soil plate formation and high resistance to deep loosening caused by perennial operations in Northeast China, the key technologies such as deep loosening, soil cultivation and fertilization are combined. A kind of combined machine with 32.5 kW tractor is designed, which can complete many operations such as deep ridging and topdressing at one time. Three factors and three levels orthogonal test were carried out on the basis of tractor speed, deep loosening depth of ridge and furrow, opening angle of soil cultivator, and seedling injury rate and specific resistance as evaluation indexes. The results showed that the main and secondary order of the influence of each factor on the seedling rate and specific resistance was the depth of deep loosening, the opening angle of soil culture device, and the speed of advance. The optimum combination was 25 cm deep loosening depth, 60 掳furrow opening angle, 5 km / h forward speed, 3.31% seedling injury rate and 1.97 N / cm ~ (2) specific resistance. The performance of field experiment was good, and the operation indexes reached the agronomic requirements. At the same time, deep ridging reduces the power consumption and working resistance, and provides a reference for the construction of rational tilling layer in dryland.
【作者单位】：沈阳农业大学工程学院;
【基金】：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201503116-09) 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51275318)
【分类号】：S222.4

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