马铃薯挖掘与残膜回收一体机设计研究

发布时间：2018-05-31 02:12

本文选题：残膜回收 + 马铃薯　；参考：《甘肃农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：甘肃省是我国的马铃薯种植大省,属于干旱缺雨地区,因此地膜技术的使用相当广泛。地膜技术的使用有效提高了作物的产量,但也带来了严重的白色污染。残膜不仅影响生活环境,还影响机具的正常工作、危害农作物生长发育、降低作物产量、危害动植物的健康等,因此研制适用于各地区农艺要求的残膜回收机刻不容缓。目前,马铃薯挖掘的机械化已趋于成熟,残膜回收机械的使用和推广也日益扩大。但马铃薯挖掘和残膜回收的分段式作业,成本高、作业时间长、土壤的压实次数多,综合效益低。因此,针对现有马铃薯挖掘、残膜回收分段作业综合效率低等问题,设计了一种马铃薯挖掘与残膜回收一体机,实现了马铃薯挖掘作业与残膜回收作业的有效结合。该一体机主要从以下几方面进行研究:(1)针对单垄双行种植农艺技术要求,确定了一种马铃薯挖掘与残膜回收一体机总体设计方案,并在SolidWorks中建立整机的三维模型。(2)根据总体设计方案确定了整体传动系统路线、传动轴的转速、功率、转矩及链传动的各相关参数。(3)设计了一种带式输膜机构,能保证顺畅输膜,不发生残膜扯断或滞膜现象;通过对崛起物在挖掘铲面及输膜板上的受力分析,确定挖掘铲与输膜板之间的夹角为11°,带式输膜板起始点B至输膜板与输膜带接触点C的距离为0.65m。(4)设计了浮动卷膜装置能够可靠卷膜;设计了伸缩-变径式卸膜装置,实现了方便卸膜;在Ansys Workbench中对伸缩-变径式卸膜装置进行模态分析,为伸缩-变径式卸膜装置的设计提供理论基础。(5)完成了样机的试制,进行了田间正交试验,以残膜回收率为目标,借助Design-Expert 8.050软件,优选出了一组工作参数,其中前进速度为0.72m/s、卷膜主动滚筒转为302r/min、输膜轴转速为499r/min、输膜板角度为29°。
[Abstract]:Gansu Province is a large potato growing province in China, which belongs to arid and rainy area, so film mulching technology is widely used. The use of plastic film technology has effectively increased crop yields, but also brought serious white pollution. The residual film not only affects the living environment, but also affects the normal work of the machine and tools, endangers the growth and development of crops, reduces the crop yield, endangers the health of animals and plants, etc. At present, the mechanization of potato digging has become mature, and the use and popularization of the residual film recovery machinery are also expanding. But the segmental operation of potato digging and film recovery has high cost, long working time, many compaction times of soil, and low comprehensive benefit. Therefore, in order to solve the problems of low comprehensive efficiency of potato mining and film recovery, a potato mining and film recovery integrated machine was designed, which realized the effective combination of potato mining and film recovery. According to the technical requirements of single ridge and double row planting, the overall design scheme of the integrated machine for potato digging and film recovery has been determined. According to the overall design scheme, the route of the whole transmission system is determined. The speed, power, torque and relative parameters of the chain drive of the transmission shaft are determined. A kind of belt conveying film mechanism is designed, which can guarantee the smooth transmission of the film. There is no residual film breaking or hysteretic film phenomenon; through the analysis of the force of the rising object on the excavating shovel surface and the film conveying plate, The angle between the excavating shovel and the film conveying plate is determined to be 11 掳, and the distance between the starting point B of the belt type film conveyer plate and the contact point C between the film conveyer plate and the film conveyer belt is 0.65 m.f.) the floating film winding device is designed to reliably roll up the film, and the telescopic and variable diameter type film unloading device is designed. The mode analysis of the telescopic and variable diameter type film unloading device is carried out in Ansys Workbench, which provides the theoretical basis for the design of the telescopic and variable diameter type film unloading device. (5) the prototype is trial-produced and the field orthogonal experiment is carried out. With the help of Design-Expert 8.050 software, a group of working parameters were selected, in which the moving speed was 0.72 m / s, the active roll drum turned to 302r / min, the rotational speed of the film conveying axis was 499r / min, and the angle of the film conveying plate was 29 掳.
【学位授予单位】：甘肃农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S225.71

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