农业专家系统工具研究及在苹果园管理中的应用

发布时间：2018-06-15 11:59

本文选题：农业专家系统 + 苹果园管理　；参考：《山东农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：鉴于农业问题的多样性、复杂性和我国农业发展的不平衡性,农业专家系统在农业现代化发展中的地位是无可替代的。农业专家系统可以应用到只有农业专家才能解决的问题,有效指导农民科学种田、养殖,实现农业的持续优质、高产、高效发展。然而因为缺乏通用的专家系统开发平台、无法编辑知识库等问题制约了专家系统在农业领域的推广应用。研究开发一套通用的农业专家系统开发工具,具有理论意义和应用推广价值。本研究运用专家系统原理和系统工程知识,构建农业专家系统的通用框架结构,建立一个简单易用的农业专家系统开发工具,并总结苹果园管理的知识经验,收集数据构建相关模型,最终搭建一套苹果园管理专家系统。具体研究内容及成果如下:(1)通用的农业专家系统开发工具。通过分析专家系统制作平台的功能特点,以及所生成的专家系统的结构,研究农业专家系统的通用工具;在对农业专家系统结构进行分析的基础上,将其归结为基于“选项”、“输入参数”、“选项+输入参数”3种模式组合成决策条件链的定量与定性多层次的决策服务。根据通用性的要求和设计原则,对系统进行架构、功能、逻辑设计,最终完成通用的农业专家系统开发工具的研发。(2)苹果园管理知识与模型。运用模糊综合评价、聚类分析等数学方法,对建园策略、栽培管理、品种评价等问题进行研究,完成苹果建园评价及品种评价模型的构建,同时对苹果园管理技术知识进行归纳总结。根据土壤、气象指标,完成对建园条件的评价,为苹果树的“适地适树”栽培提供依据。结合山东省各地市的气象数据,对适栽品种给出了建议。根据抗寒、抗旱、抗涝、耐盐碱、高产、优质六大指标,完成对栽培品种的评价,对苹果品种的选育、推广具有应用价值。(3)苹果园管理专家系统。将苹果园管理知识与相关模型导入农业专家系统开发平台中,完成苹果园管理专家系统的开发。应用该系统可以有效促进苹果园生产管理的科学化、定量化,满足果农随时随地的专家咨询需求,更加便捷地解决生产管理中遇到的难题,实现苹果优质丰产低耗,提高果农经济效益。
[Abstract]:In view of the diversity and complexity of agricultural problems and the imbalance of agricultural development in China, the position of agricultural expert system in the development of agricultural modernization is irreplaceable. Agricultural expert system can be applied to the problems that only agricultural experts can solve. It can effectively guide farmers to farm and breed scientifically and realize the sustainable development of high quality, high yield and high efficiency of agriculture. However, due to the lack of a general expert system development platform and the lack of editing knowledge base, the popularization and application of expert system in the field of agriculture are restricted. It is of theoretical significance and application value to develop a set of general agricultural expert system development tools. Based on the theory of expert system and the knowledge of system engineering, the general frame structure of agricultural expert system is constructed, a simple and easy-to-use development tool of agricultural expert system is established, and the knowledge and experience of apple orchard management are summarized. Collect data to build relevant models, and finally build a set of apple orchard management expert system. Specific research contents and results are as follows: 1) General agricultural expert system development tools. By analyzing the functional characteristics of the expert system making platform and the structure of the generated expert system, the paper studies the general tools of the agricultural expert system, and based on the analysis of the structure of the agricultural expert system, it is summed up as based on "options". "input parameter" and "option input parameter" are combined to form quantitative and qualitative multi-level decision service of decision condition chain. According to the general requirements and design principles, the structure, function and logic design of the system are carried out. Finally, the development of the general agricultural expert system development tools. 2) the apple orchard management knowledge and model is completed. By means of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, cluster analysis and other mathematical methods, this paper studies the establishment strategy, cultivation management and variety evaluation of apple, and completes the construction of apple garden evaluation and variety evaluation model. At the same time, the technical knowledge of apple orchard management is summarized. According to the soil and meteorological indexes, the evaluation of the conditions for the establishment of the orchard was completed, which provided the basis for the cultivation of apple trees. Based on the meteorological data of various cities in Shandong Province, some suggestions on suitable varieties are given. According to the six indexes of cold resistance, drought resistance, waterlogging resistance, salt and alkali tolerance, high yield and good quality, the evaluation of cultivated varieties was completed, and the selection and popularization of apple varieties were carried out. The management knowledge and related models of apple orchard were introduced into the development platform of agricultural expert system to complete the development of apple orchard management expert system. The application of the system can effectively promote the scientific and quantitative management of apple orchard, meet the expert consultation needs of fruit farmers at any time and anywhere, solve the problems encountered in the production management more conveniently, and realize the high quality, high yield and low consumption of apple. Improve the economic benefit of fruit farmers.
【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP182;S661.1

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