辽河口芦苇湿地河蟹养殖区营养盐、COD的变化及水质状况评价

发布时间：2018-06-18 20:20

  本文选题：辽河口湿地 + 河蟹养殖　； 参考：《中国海洋大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：为了查明辽河口芦苇湿地河蟹养殖区营养盐、COD的变化及水质状况,为水体污染阻控技术的研发提供基础资料,并为苇田河蟹健康养殖提供参考依据,本论文根据2014年4月、6月、7月、8月、9月在辽河口芦苇湿地四个不同河蟹养殖区进行的调查实验数据,对各养殖区水体中营养盐(氨氮、亚硝酸氮、硝酸氮、磷酸盐、总氮、总磷)、COD以及底泥中的总氮、总磷的变化进行了分析,并运用综合水质标识指数Iwq和潜在性富营养化评价两种评价方法对各养殖区不同时间的水质状况进行评价。主要研究结果如下：1.辽河口芦苇湿地河蟹养殖区水体氨氮浓度变化范围为0.04-1.25mg/L,在7月底达到最大值,9月值最小,且总体上表现为养殖区1、2的氨氮浓度高于养殖区3和4的值。各养殖区水体亚硝酸氮浓度均较低,变化范围为0.0017-0.0147mg/L；四个养殖区的变化情况不同,养殖区1、2、3、4亚硝酸氮浓度分别在9月、4月、6月、7月底最大,均在8月浓度最小。各养殖区的水体硝酸氮浓度在各调查时间均低于0.1 mg/L,整体的变化范围为0.0015-0.0636 mg/L；养殖区1和2整体表现为先减后增趋势,而养殖区3和4则大致呈先增后减的趋势。四个养殖区水体磷酸盐浓度随时间变化趋势基本一致,大致呈先增后减趋势,整体变化范围为0.0024-0.0660 mg/L,在各调查时间均浓度较低。总氮浓度变化范围为0.65-6.88 mg/L,变幅较大,在6月或7月值最大,4月值最小。总磷浓度变化范围为0.05-0.31mg/L,7月中旬值最大,7月底值最小。四个养殖区的COD变化趋势大致相同,呈先增再减的趋势；COD变化范围为1.54-4.68 mg/L,7月中旬值最大,6月值较小。2.四个养殖区在不同调查时间底泥中总氮的浓度变化范围为1.282-7.048mg/g,变化幅度较大；总体表现为先增后减的趋势,四个养殖区底泥中总氮的浓度均在6月最大,4月和8月最小。四个养殖区底泥中总磷浓度在7月中旬和8月为两个低值(0.726-0.947 mg/g),4月、7月底和9月为高值(0.780-1.638 mg/g)。3.就苇田河蟹养殖区水质状况而言：综合水质标识指数评价表明,7月底水质状况最差,均为Ⅲ类水或Ⅳ类水,4月水质状况最好;总氮为主要的污染因子。潜在性富营养化评价表明,苇田河蟹养殖区的水质状况在6月最差,4个养殖区均为富营养水平：4月和9月的水质状况最好,总体上水质状况均为贫营养水平。两种评价方法结果基本一致,均为6月和7月水质状况最差,4月和9月水质状况较好。4.不同养殖模式下水质状况不同,建议苇田河蟹养殖过程中合理控制养殖密度和适当增加投喂间隔、定期清理环沟中的淤泥,旨在降低河蟹养殖污染,对改善水质起到一定的作用。
[Abstract]:In order to find out the change of nutrient salt and COD and the water quality in Reed wetland crab culture area of Liaohe estuary, to provide basic data for the research and development of water pollution prevention and control technology, and to provide reference basis for healthy breeding of river crab in Reed field. Based on the experimental data of four different river crab culture zones in Liaohe estuary Reed wetland in April, June, July, August and September, 2014, the nutrients (ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, phosphate, total nitrogen) in water of each breeding area were studied. The changes of total phosphorus COD, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in sediment were analyzed. Two evaluation methods, I. Q and potential eutrophication, were used to evaluate the water quality at different time. The main results are as follows: 1. In Liaohe estuary Reed wetland, the variation range of ammonia nitrogen concentration was 0.04-1.25 mg / L, which reached the maximum at the end of July and the lowest in September, and generally showed that the ammonia nitrogen concentration of 1zao 2 was higher than that of 3 and 4 in the culture area. The concentration of nitrite was lower in each culture area, ranging from 0.0017 to 0.0147 mg / L, and the change of nitrogen nitrite concentration in the four zones was different. The concentration of nitrite was the highest in September, April, June and July, and the lowest in August. The concentration of nitrate nitrogen in each culture area was lower than 0.1 mg / L in each investigation time, and the whole range of change was 0.0015-0.0636 mg / L, while the whole of 1 and 2 showed the trend of decreasing first and then increasing, while that of 3 and 4 increased first and then decreased. The change trend of phosphate concentration with time in the four breeding areas was basically the same, which increased at first and then decreased, and the whole change range was 0.0024-0.0660 mg / L, and the concentration was lower in each investigation time. The variation range of total nitrogen concentration was 0.65-6.88 mg / L, which was the largest in June or July and the smallest in April. The variation range of total phosphorus concentration was 0.05-0.31 mg / L, and the maximum value in mid-July was the lowest at the end of July. The change trend of COD in the four breeding areas was about the same, the change range of COD was 1.54-4.68 mg / L, the value in mid-July was the largest, and the value in June was smaller. The change range of total nitrogen concentration in sediment was 1.282-7.048 mg / g at different investigation time, and the change range was larger, and the total nitrogen concentration in sediment increased first and then decreased. The concentration of total nitrogen in sediment was the highest in June, and the smallest in April and August. The total phosphorus concentration in sediment of four culture areas was 0.726-0.947 mg / g ~ (-1) in mid July and August, and 0.780-1.638 mg / g 路g ~ (-1) in April and September respectively. As far as the water quality in Reed crab culture area is concerned: the comprehensive water quality index evaluation shows that the water quality is the worst at the end of July, all of them are class 鈪，

本文编号：2036746