ZX调控剂对烤烟生长及品质的影响

发布时间：2018-06-19 12:12

本文选题：调控剂 + 烤烟　；参考：《湖南农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：为研究微生物代谢产物—烟叶ZX调控剂有效的调控技术及其对烤烟生长发育和香气物质形成的影响效应,探讨对烤烟生理代谢的作用途径,开展烟叶增香提质调理剂的生产示范,验证烟叶增香提质调理剂在增香提质方面的作用效果。基于此,2014年在湖南省各烟区进行实施了烟叶增香提质调理剂应用示范,通过进行烟叶ZX调控剂不同产品及不同施用方式的大田生产示范,调查其对烤烟大田生长以及烤后烟叶外观及内在质量的影响,并进行化学成分及单料烟评吸等指标的影响。旨在为ZX调控剂对烟叶提质增香方面提供有效试验依据。研究结果如下：(1)施用ZX调控剂表明,从生育期来看,烟叶增香提质调理剂的施用延长了烟株的大田生育期4-6天不等,增加了烟株干物质的积累时间,提高了烟叶致香物质生成时间,使上等烟比例比对照区增加了2.80-3.33%,中上等烟叶比例比对照区增加了0.14-1.00%,均价上升了0.80-1.57元；综观整个大田生育期,施用ZX调控剂烟株在团棵期、旺长期的株高、不同叶位最大叶面积等农艺性状方面与对照区差异不大,初烤烟物理性状差异也不明显,表明ZX调控剂的实施,对烤烟大田生长影响较小,但经过成熟期喷施ZX调控剂,影响到中、上部烟叶的成熟落黄,成熟期明显后移；通过对采烤后原烟观察表明,施用ZX调控剂尤其是处理A中部叶橘黄、深橘黄率增加,光泽感增强,叶面油份增加,叶片结构更趋于疏松,工业可用性大大提高；通过经济性状调查表明,ZX调控剂的实施提高了项目区亩产值、上等烟比例及中上等烟叶比例,经济效益增加,其中喷叶二次甲液处理经济效益最高。(2)综合比较烤烟常规化学成分的协调性,施用ZX调控剂,烟叶的钾含量增高,烟碱及总氮含量降低,总糖/烟碱接近优质烟叶要求,烟叶的化学成分较空白协调；其中表现为施用ZX调控剂甲液喷叶二次处理烟叶常规化学成分协调性最接近优质烟叶要求。施用ZX调控剂可以明显提高烤烟色素质量分数和多酚含量,并能显著提高苹果酸含量,降低柠檬酸含量、草酸含量及乳酸含量,其中喷叶二次处理甲液处理效果最优。(3)纵观各烟区评吸表,施用ZX调控剂对烟叶感官评析影响显著,总分整体比对照增加0.5-2.1分不等,其中喷叶施用样品香气质提高更明显,香气透发性增加,细腻、柔和、甜润感和余味舒适感增加,整体质量提高较明显。
[Abstract]:In order to study the effective control technology of microbial metabolite, tobacco leaf ZX regulator and its effect on the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco and the formation of aroma substance, the mechanism of physiological metabolism of flue-cured tobacco was discussed. The production demonstration of tobacco leaf flavoring and quality conditioning agent was carried out to verify the effect of tobacco leaf flavor increasing and quality conditioning agent on enhancing aroma and quality. Based on this, the application demonstration of tobacco leaf flavor enhancement and quality conditioning agent was carried out in various tobacco regions in Hunan Province in 2014, and the field production demonstration of different products and different application methods of tobacco ZX regulator was carried out. The effects on the growth of flue-cured tobacco field and the appearance and internal quality of flue-cured tobacco leaf were investigated. The purpose of this study was to provide an effective experimental basis for ZX regulator to enhance the quality and aroma of tobacco leaves. The results were as follows: (1) the application of ZX regulator showed that the application of tobacco leaf flavoring and improving agent prolonged the field growth period of tobacco plant for 4-6 days, and increased the dry matter accumulation time of tobacco plant. The generation time of aroma substances in tobacco leaves was increased, and the proportion of superior tobacco was increased by 2.80-3.33 than that of control area, and the proportion of middle and upper tobacco was increased by 0.14-1.000.0.0-1.57 yuan, and the average price was 0.80-1.57 yuan. The plant height, the maximum leaf area of different leaf positions and other agronomic characters were not different from those of the control area, and the difference of physical characters of flue-cured tobacco was not obvious, which indicated that the application of ZX regulator had little effect on the growth of flue-cured tobacco field. But through spraying ZX regulator in mature stage, the maturation and falling yellow of upper tobacco leaf was affected, and the maturation stage was obviously moved backward. The observation of raw tobacco after harvest showed that the application of ZX regulator, especially the treatment of orange yellow in the middle part of A leaf, increased the rate of deep orange yellow. The results showed that the application of ZX control agent increased the output value, the proportion of superior tobacco and the proportion of middle and middle grade tobacco leaf in the project area. The economic benefit was increased, among which spraying secondary nail liquid treatment had the highest economic benefit. The coordination of conventional chemical components of flue-cured tobacco was compared. The potassium content of tobacco leaf increased, the nicotine and total nitrogen content decreased when ZX regulator was applied. Total sugar / nicotine was close to the requirement of high quality tobacco leaf, and the chemical composition of tobacco leaf was more harmonious than blank, and the coordination of conventional chemical composition was the most close to the requirement of high quality tobacco leaf. The application of ZX could significantly increase the content of pigment and polyphenol in flue-cured tobacco, increase the content of malic acid, decrease the content of citric acid, oxalic acid and lactic acid, and decrease the content of citric acid, oxalic acid and lactic acid. Among them, spraying leaf secondary treatment A liquid treatment was the best. (3) throughout the smoking evaluation table, the application of ZX regulator had a significant effect on the sensory evaluation of tobacco leaves, and the total score increased by 0.5-2.1 points compared with the control, and the flavor of spraying leaf sample increased more obviously than that of the control. Aroma permeability increased, delicate, soft, sweet moisturizing and aftertaste comfort increased, the overall quality of the improvement is obvious.
【学位授予单位】：湖南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S572

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