东方高原鳅繁殖生物学以及人工繁殖的相关研究

发布时间：2018-06-20 23:43

  本文选题：东方高原鳅 + 繁殖生物学　； 参考：《华中农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：东方高原鳅(Triplophysa orientails(Herzenstein))作为西藏雅鲁藏布江经济名优鱼类,体表具漂亮花纹,有较好的观赏性;包括东方高原鳅在内的高原鳅属是西藏重要的土著鱼类,在西藏高寒脆弱的生态系统中占据重要地位。然而对于西藏地区高原鳅属的报道仅有渔业资源、分类学等方面。本文通过对东方高原鳅的繁殖生物学、以及其人工繁殖的相关研究,为进一步了解其早期生活史,开展西藏高原鱼类增殖保护的相关工作提供基本的参考资料。主要研究结果如下:1、在繁殖季节,东方高原鳅雄性的第二性征非常明显,可以作为鉴别雌雄的主要方法;对样本进行统计,雌雄比接近1:1;绝对繁殖力(F)、相对体长繁殖力(FL)和相对体重繁殖力(FW)分别为714~32320(4483±5663)粒,6~229(41±42)粒/mm、95~903(302±221)粒/g;绝对繁殖力F与体重W、性腺重WG、空壳WN、性腺系数GSI四个指标显著相关,相对体长繁殖力FL与体重W、性腺重WG、性腺系数GSI三个指标显著相关,相对体重繁殖力FW与体重W、性腺重WG两个指标显著相关,对繁殖力进行建模:绝对繁殖力F=5016.444-1625.19 W+10464.902 WG+1343.718 WN-487.018 GSI(r=0.968,P0.01);相对体长繁殖力FL=47.215-4.487W+70.928 WG-3.259 GSI(r=0.928,P0.01);体重繁殖力FW=278.394 23.673W+255.236WG(r=0.731,P0.01);经卵径频率分布图初步推断,东方高原鳅产卵类型为分批产卵;2、东方高原鳅成熟卵呈淡黄色圆形,卵径为0.97~1.11 mm,遇水具微黏性,为沉性卵。在水温(16±0.5)℃下,受精卵历时132 h 9 min孵化出膜,所需积温为2113.6℃·h,整个胚胎发育过程分为7个时期:胚盘形成期、卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠胚期、神经胚期、器官形成期、出膜前期;初孵仔鱼全长(4.86±0.09)mm,在水温(16±0.5)℃下,胚后发育历时34 d,分为卵黄囊和后期仔鱼阶段,其中卵黄囊阶段历时9 d,后期仔鱼历时25 d。
[Abstract]:Triplophysa Orientale Orientale Orient Loach (Triplophysa orientalis Herzensteinus), as a famous economic fish of the Yalu Zangbo River in Tibet, has beautiful patterns on its body surface and good ornamental properties, and the genus Loach is an important indigenous fish in Tibet, including the Oriental Plateau Loach. It plays an important role in Tibet's alpine fragile ecosystem. However, there are only fishery resources, taxonomy and so on. In this paper, the reproductive biology of Orient Plateau Loach and its artificial propagation were studied, which provided basic reference materials for further understanding its early life history and carrying out the related work of fish proliferation and protection in Tibet Plateau. The main results are as follows: in breeding season, the secondary sexual characteristics of the males of the Oriental Plateau Loach are very obvious, which can be used as the main method to distinguish male and female. The ratio of female to male was close to 1: 1; absolute fecundity (FN), relative body length fecundity (FW) and relative body weight fecundity (FW) were 714 / 32320 / 4483 卤5663) and 622929 / 41 卤42respectively, respectively. Absolute fecundity F was significantly correlated with body weight (WW), sex gland weight (WGG), empty shell WN, and gonad coefficient (GSI), and absolute fecundity F was significantly correlated with body weight (WW), sexual gland weight (WGG), empty shell WN (WN) and gonad coefficient (GSI). The relative fecundity FL was significantly correlated with body weight, sex gland weight (WGG) and gonad coefficient (GSI), and the relative body weight (FW) was significantly correlated with body weight (W) and sex gland weight (WG). Modeling of fecundity: absolute fecundity F _ (5016.444-1625.19) W _ (10464.902) WG 1343.718 WN-487.018 GSI ~ (0.96) P _ (0.01); relative length fecundity FLN 47.215-4.487W 70.928 WG-3.487W 70.928 WG-3.487W 70.928 WG-3.487W _ (0.928) P _ (0.01); body weight fecundity F _ W _ (278.394) (23.673W) (255.236WGR ~ (0.731) P _ (0.01). The oviposition type of Loach in the Orient Plateau is divided into batches and oviposition. The mature eggs of the Loach are yellowish and round, with an egg diameter of 0.97 ~ 1.11 mm. At water temperature of 16 卤0.5 鈩，

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