胡杨异形叶光合水分生理特性与个体发育阶段的关系
发布时间：2018-07-14 18:14
【摘要】：胡杨作为优异的树种,在沙漠中广泛生存生长,耐旱性非常强,是抗击沙化最有利的树种。本文对胡杨个体发育过程中不同径阶(时间)、同一径阶不同高度(空间层次)的胡杨异形叶形态变化、光合水分生理和生理生化特性的时空变化特征进行了研究,以揭示胡杨个体发育过程的生长适应机制,得出如下结论:(1)胡杨异形叶形态特征与个体发育阶段的关系。研究结果表明,随着径阶的增大,叶片平均宽度、平均叶面积呈逐步增大趋势,叶形指数和叶长度呈逐步减小趋势;各径阶随着采样高度的增加,胡杨叶片平均宽度、叶面积逐渐增加,而叶片长度和叶形指数则逐渐减小。随着径阶的增大,叶干重和比叶重逐步增大;各径阶随着采样高度的增加(由基部向顶部),叶片的叶干重、比叶重也在逐渐增加。相关性分析也表明,胡杨异形叶的叶长和叶形指数随着采样高度的增加而减小,叶宽、叶面积、干重和比叶重随着采样高度的增加而增大。(2)胡杨异形叶光合水分生理特征与个体发育阶段的关系。各径阶均表现出随着采样高度的增加,叶片净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度和碳同位素值呈逐渐增加趋势,叶片胞间CO2浓度则呈逐步下降趋势。相关性分析表明,叶片的净光合速率、胞间CO2浓度和气孔导度与叶片所在树的高度密切相关,即,叶片净光合速率、气孔导度与叶片所处树的高度呈显著正相关,胞间CO2浓度与叶片所处树的高度呈显著负相关,碳同位素值与净光合速率的相关系数为0.56,呈极显著正相关,与气孔导度的相关系数为-0.55,呈极显著负相关。同时叶片的净光合速率和气孔导度变化与异形叶形态、叶形指数变化密切相关,而叶片胞间CO2浓度仅与采样高度变化有密切关系。(3)胡杨异形叶生理生化特性与个体发育阶段的关系。叶片可溶性糖含量随着径阶的增大呈现逐步增大趋势,叶片可溶性蛋白含量随叶片所在树的高度增加而逐步降低的趋势。各径阶均表现出叶片脯氨酸和丙二醛含量随叶片所在树的高度增加而逐步增高的趋势。叶片可溶性蛋白质、脯氨酸含量变化与叶片所在树的高度变化有密切关系;即叶片脯氨酸含量随叶宽和叶面积的增大而升高,叶片可溶性蛋白质、脯氨酸含量变化与异形叶形态及异形叶所在树的高度变化有密切关系,这意味着胡杨的阔卵形叶或卵形叶要比条形叶或披针形叶有着更强的抗逆性。
[Abstract]:Populus euphratica, as an excellent tree species, exists widely in the desert and has strong drought tolerance, which is the most favorable tree species to resist desertification. In this paper, the temporal and spatial changes of the special-shaped leaves of Populus euphratica with different diameters (time) and different height (spatial level) during the development of Populus euphratica were studied, and the temporal and spatial changes of physiological and physiological characteristics of photosynthetic water were studied. In order to reveal the growth and adaptation mechanism of Populus euphratica, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) the relationship between the morphological characteristics of special-shaped leaves of Populus euphratica and the stage of ontogeny. The results showed that with the increase of diameter order, the average leaf width and mean leaf area increased gradually, leaf shape index and leaf length gradually decreased, and the average leaf width of Populus euphratica increased with the increase of sampling height. Leaf area increased gradually, while leaf length and leaf shape index decreased gradually. With the increase of diameter order, the leaf dry weight and specific Ye Zhong increased gradually, and the leaf dry weight of leaf increased gradually with the increase of sampling height (from base to top). Correlation analysis also showed that leaf length and leaf shape index of P. euphratica decreased with the increase of sampling height, leaf width and leaf area. The dry weight and specific Ye Zhong increased with the increase of sampling height. (2) the relationship between physiological characteristics of photosynthesis water and ontogeny stage of P. euphratica leaves. With the increase of sampling height, the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and carbon isotope value increased gradually, and the intercellular CO _ 2 concentration decreased gradually. Correlation analysis showed that the net photosynthetic rate, intercellular CO _ 2 concentration and stomatal conductance were closely related to the height of the tree in which the leaves were located, that is, the leaf net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance were significantly positively correlated with the height of the tree in which the leaves were located. The correlation coefficient of carbon isotope value and net photosynthetic rate was 0.56, and the correlation coefficient between intercellular CO _ 2 concentration and stomatal conductance was -0.55, which was extremely significant negative correlation. At the same time, the changes of net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance of leaves were closely related to the changes of special-shaped leaf morphology and leaf shape index. However, the intercellular CO _ 2 concentration in leaves was only closely related to the variation of sampling height. (3) the relationship between physiological and biochemical characteristics of P. euphratica leaves and the ontogeny stage. The content of soluble sugar in leaves increased gradually with the increase of diameter order, and the content of soluble protein in leaves decreased gradually with the height of the tree in which the leaves were located. The content of proline and malondialdehyde in leaves increased with the height of tree. The changes of leaf soluble protein and proline content were closely related to the height of the tree, that is, the content of proline increased with the increase of leaf width and leaf area, and the content of leaf soluble protein increased with the increase of leaf width and leaf area. The change of proline content was closely related to the shape of the special-shaped leaves and the height of the trees in which the special-shaped leaves were located, which meant that the broad-ovate or ovate-shaped leaves of Populus euphratica were more resistant to stress than strip or lanceolate leaves.
【学位授予单位】：塔里木大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S792.11
本文编号：2122546
[Abstract]:Populus euphratica, as an excellent tree species, exists widely in the desert and has strong drought tolerance, which is the most favorable tree species to resist desertification. In this paper, the temporal and spatial changes of the special-shaped leaves of Populus euphratica with different diameters (time) and different height (spatial level) during the development of Populus euphratica were studied, and the temporal and spatial changes of physiological and physiological characteristics of photosynthetic water were studied. In order to reveal the growth and adaptation mechanism of Populus euphratica, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) the relationship between the morphological characteristics of special-shaped leaves of Populus euphratica and the stage of ontogeny. The results showed that with the increase of diameter order, the average leaf width and mean leaf area increased gradually, leaf shape index and leaf length gradually decreased, and the average leaf width of Populus euphratica increased with the increase of sampling height. Leaf area increased gradually, while leaf length and leaf shape index decreased gradually. With the increase of diameter order, the leaf dry weight and specific Ye Zhong increased gradually, and the leaf dry weight of leaf increased gradually with the increase of sampling height (from base to top). Correlation analysis also showed that leaf length and leaf shape index of P. euphratica decreased with the increase of sampling height, leaf width and leaf area. The dry weight and specific Ye Zhong increased with the increase of sampling height. (2) the relationship between physiological characteristics of photosynthesis water and ontogeny stage of P. euphratica leaves. With the increase of sampling height, the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and carbon isotope value increased gradually, and the intercellular CO _ 2 concentration decreased gradually. Correlation analysis showed that the net photosynthetic rate, intercellular CO _ 2 concentration and stomatal conductance were closely related to the height of the tree in which the leaves were located, that is, the leaf net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance were significantly positively correlated with the height of the tree in which the leaves were located. The correlation coefficient of carbon isotope value and net photosynthetic rate was 0.56, and the correlation coefficient between intercellular CO _ 2 concentration and stomatal conductance was -0.55, which was extremely significant negative correlation. At the same time, the changes of net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance of leaves were closely related to the changes of special-shaped leaf morphology and leaf shape index. However, the intercellular CO _ 2 concentration in leaves was only closely related to the variation of sampling height. (3) the relationship between physiological and biochemical characteristics of P. euphratica leaves and the ontogeny stage. The content of soluble sugar in leaves increased gradually with the increase of diameter order, and the content of soluble protein in leaves decreased gradually with the height of the tree in which the leaves were located. The content of proline and malondialdehyde in leaves increased with the height of tree. The changes of leaf soluble protein and proline content were closely related to the height of the tree, that is, the content of proline increased with the increase of leaf width and leaf area, and the content of leaf soluble protein increased with the increase of leaf width and leaf area. The change of proline content was closely related to the shape of the special-shaped leaves and the height of the trees in which the special-shaped leaves were located, which meant that the broad-ovate or ovate-shaped leaves of Populus euphratica were more resistant to stress than strip or lanceolate leaves.
【学位授予单位】：塔里木大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S792.11
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