不同助剂啶虫脒对蜜蜂风险影响的研究

发布时间：2018-07-17 17:43

【摘要】：助剂可影响农药在田间的防治效果,同时也可改变农药的环境行为。新烟碱类杀虫剂因对蜜蜂的毒性较高而备受关注,本研究选择该类杀虫剂中对蜜蜂毒性相对较低的品种啶虫脒,一方面研究N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)、Silwet L-77、聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚(Triton X-100)等常用农药助剂在室内对啶虫脒蜜蜂急性毒性的影响；另一方面,研究上述3种助剂在半田间条件下啶虫脒对蜜蜂死亡、飞行强度、行为、幼虫及蜂群发育情况等方面的影响。本研究旨在明确农药助剂对啶虫脒蜜蜂安全风险的影响,从而为从农药制剂加工源头上控制农药的环境风险提供参考。本论文研究表明,所选3种农药助剂对蜜蜂无明显急性毒性,对啶虫脒的蜜蜂急性经口毒性无明显影响,但显著提高了啶虫脒的蜜蜂急性接触毒性。在半田间试验条件下,分别含有3种不同农药助剂的5%啶虫脒可溶液剂(T1/T2/T3)对蜜蜂的死亡飞行、花粉采集、蜂群数量、蜂群发育(卵、幼虫、蛹所占比例变化趋势)与清水对照和阳性对照(乐果)相比均有不同程度的影响。T2(啶虫脒+Silwet L-77)处理组在DAA-4时蜜蜂死亡数显著高于清水对照组,在DAA-28时蜂群数量显著低于阳性对照组,且在蜂群死亡数、种群数量以及种群发育等3方面与T1/T2处理组存在显著差异。综上所述,非离子型有机硅类农药助剂Silwet L-77(三硅氧烷系列)对啶虫脒的蜜蜂环境安全具有潜在的风险。
[Abstract]:The adjuvant can affect the control effect of pesticide in the field and change the environmental behavior of pesticide at the same time. New nicotinic insecticides have attracted much attention because of their high toxicity to honeybees. In this study, acetamiprid, a variety of insecticides with relatively low toxicity to bees, was selected. On the one hand, the effects of commonly used pesticide additives, such as NMP Silwet L-77, polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ether (Triton X-100) on acute toxicity of acetamiprid bees in laboratory, were studied. The effects of acetamiprid on the death, flight intensity, behavior, larva and colony development of honeybee under semi-field conditions were studied. The purpose of this study was to clarify the effect of pesticide additives on the safety risk of Acetamidine bee, so as to provide a reference for controlling the environmental risk of pesticide from the source of pesticide preparation processing. The results showed that the three kinds of pesticide additives had no obvious acute toxicity to bees and had no obvious effect on the acute oral toxicity of acetamiprid, but significantly increased the acute exposure toxicity of acetamidine to bees. Under semi-field conditions, 5% acetamidine solution (T1 / T2 / T3) containing three different pesticide additives was used to kill bees, collect pollen, number of bees, and develop colonies (eggs, larvae, larvae). The change trend of pupa proportion) was different from that of water control and positive control (dimethoate). The number of bee deaths in the treated group was significantly higher than that in the fresh water control group at DAA-4, and was significantly higher in T2 (acetamidine Silwet L-77) treatment group than in the clear water control group. At DAA-28, the number of colonies was significantly lower than that of the positive control group, and there were significant differences in the number of beehives death, population number and population development between T1 / T2 treatment group and T1 / T2 treatment group. In conclusion, Nonionic organosilicon pesticide additive Silwet L-77 (trisiloxane series) has potential risks to the environmental safety of acetamiprid bees.
【学位授予单位】：湖南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S482.3

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