几种精油对枸杞蚜、枸杞木虱的毒力及酶活性影响

发布时间：2018-08-11 13:52

【摘要】：枸杞(Lycium spp.)是我国西北地区广泛栽培的经济、生态建设树种之一,营养丰富、甘甜味美,其果实和根皮均可供药用,是药食两用的植物。枸杞蚜(Aphis sp.)和枸杞木虱(Paratrioza sinica YangLi)以刺吸的方式危害枸杞,严重影响枸杞的产量和品质。关于植物源物质的驱蚊、杀虫活性已有报道,其具有高效低毒的特点,可以减少化学农药对枸杞品质造成的破坏。为寻找防治枸杞害虫的绿色有效的方法,本文以丁香酚(eugenol)、a-松油醇(a-terpineol)、肉桂油(cinnamonoil)、香茅油(citronella oil)为药剂,测定了其对枸杞蚜虫和木虱的触杀毒力及Na+-K+-ATPase和Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase活性的影响,以及增效剂A、B对其的增效作用。实验研究结果如下:(1)4种精油对枸杞蚜虫和木虱均有触杀作用,丁香酚的触杀效果最好,对枸杞木虱和蚜虫的触杀毒力LC50值分别为0.37ml/L和0.48ml/L。杀虫效果依次为丁香酚、肉桂油、α-松油醇和香茅油,且均表现为对枸杞木虱的触杀效果较蚜虫更好。1ml/L丁香酚处理4h木虱和蚜虫的死亡率均超过80%。(2)使用增效剂是为了提高药效以减少使用量,从而延缓害虫抗药性的产生。增效剂A、增效剂B对4种精油均有增效作用。增效剂与供试单剂混合可提高单剂的触杀毒力,增效剂A和B对丁香酚的增效比分别为1.80和1.98。(3)4种精油对构杞蚜虫AchE活性均有抑制作用,且浓度与抑制率呈正相关。其中丁香酚对AchE抑制作用最大,丁香酚在0.8ml/L和1ml/L两个浓度下对AchE的抑制率分别为49.78%和58.68%。(4)4种精油对枸杞蚜虫和木虱离体Na+-K+-ATPase、Ca2+-Mg2++-ATPase均有抑制作用,且随着精油浓度的增加抑制率增大。其中丁香酚和香茅油对Na+-K+-ATPase活性影响表现为低浓度促进,高浓度抑制。
[Abstract]:Lycium barbarum (Lycium spp.) It is one of the widely cultivated economic and ecological construction tree species in Northwest China. It is rich in nutrition and sweet in taste. Its fruit and root bark can be used for medicine, so it is a plant of both medicine and food. Lycium barbarum aphid (Aphis sp.) (Paratrioza sinica YangLi) of Lycium barbarum and Lycium barbarum were harmful to Lycium barbarum by pricking and sucking, which seriously affected the yield and quality of Lycium barbarum. The insecticidal activity of plant materials has been reported, which has the characteristics of high efficiency and low toxicity, and can reduce the damage of chemical pesticides to the quality of Lycium barbarum. In order to find a green and effective method to control Lycium barbarum pests, the effects of eugenol (eugenol) (a-terpineol) and cinnamon oil (cinnamonoil), citronella oil (citronella oil) on the contact toxicity, Na K ATPase and Ca2 mg 2 ATPase activities of Lycium barbarum aphids and wood lice were determined. And the synergistic effect of synergist AZB on it. The results were as follows: (1) the four essential oils had contact effects on Lycium barbarum aphids and woody lice, and eugenol had the best contact killing effect. The LC50 values of contact toxicity to Lycium barbarum lice and aphids were 0.48 ml / L and 0.48 ml / L, respectively. The insecticidal effects were followed by eugenol, cinnamon oil, 伪 -terpineol and citronella oil. The results showed that the contact effect of Lycium barbarum L. wood lice was better than that of aphids. The mortality of wood lice and aphids treated with 1 ml / L eugenol for 4 hours was higher than that of aphids. (2) the synergist was used to improve the efficacy and reduce the use of insecticides, thus delaying the emergence of pest resistance. Synergist A and B all had synergistic effects on four essential oils. The synergistic ratio of synergist A and B to eugenol was 1.80 and 1.98 respectively. (3) four essential oils could inhibit the AchE activity of aphids, and the concentration was positively correlated with the inhibition rate. The inhibition rate of eugenol on AchE was 49.78% and 58.68% at the concentration of 0.8ml/L and 1ml/L, respectively. (4) four kinds of essential oils had inhibitory effects on Na -K -ATPase Ca 2 mg 2 -ATPase of Lycium barbarum aphids and Wood lice in vitro, and the inhibition rates of eugenol on AchE were 49.78% and 58.68% respectively. The inhibition rate increased with the increase of essential oil concentration. The effects of eugenol and citronella oil on Na-K-ATPase activity were promoted by low concentration and inhibited by high concentration.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S435.671

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