巴氏新小绥螨和黄瓜新小绥螨间的集团内捕食和同类相残作用
发布时间：2018-08-20 12:50
【摘要】：巴氏新小绥螨(Neoseiulus barkeri)和黄瓜新小绥螨(Neoseiulus cucumeris)均为多食性植绥螨,主要捕食叶螨和蓟马等。本实验室已有研究表明,两种植绥螨在无猎物的情况下更倾向于发生种间的集团内捕食(Intraguild Predation,简称IGP),且巴氏新小绥螨为集团内捕食者(Intraguild predator,IG-predator),黄瓜新小绥螨为集团内猎物(Intraguildprey,IG-prey)。本文选择截形叶螨(Tetranychus truncatus)和西花蓟马(Franklinie occidentalis)为共享猎物即集团外猎物(Extraguild prey,EG-prey),进一步对两种植绥螨在不同集团外猎物存在情况下的IGP作用进行了研究,测定了不同集团外猎物密度对IGP作用的影响;并研究了集团内捕食者对集团内猎物与集团外猎物的捕食选择性,借助Cox回归模型评估了集团内捕食者对集团内猎物捕食的风险性;此外还对两种植绥螨的同类相残(Cannibalism)作用进行了研究。研究结果为两种植绥螨的合理管理及联合释放提供了依据。主要结论如下:1.不同密度(无、适量、充足)集团外猎物对1GP作用的研究表明,集团外猎物密度对IGP有显著影响。随着集团外猎物密度的逐渐增大,两种植绥螨种内的同类相残及种间的IGP次数减少,而对集团外猎物捕食次数增多,因此,猎物密度的增加对IGP和同类相残均产生了抑制作用。2.比较两种植绥螨在相同密度集团外猎物存在时的IGP作用,无论存在截形叶螨还是西花蓟马,巴氏新小绥螨对黄瓜新小绥螨幼螨的捕食量显著大于黄瓜新小绥螨对巴氏新小绥螨幼螨的捕食量,进一步证明了巴氏新小绥螨为IGP作用中的集团内捕食者。3.在非选择性实验中,Kaplan-Meier生存分析表明,当巴氏新小绥螨为捕食者时,其对异种植绥螨黄瓜新小绥螨及2种不同集团外猎物的攻击偏好性依次为截形叶螨幼螨黄瓜新小绥螨幼螨西花蓟马1龄若虫(Breslow tests:x2=21.98;df=2;P0.001);而当黄瓜新小绥螨为捕食者时,其对异种植绥螨巴氏新小绥螨及2种不同集团外猎物的攻击偏好性依次为西花蓟马1龄若虫截形叶螨幼螨巴氏新小绥螨幼螨(Breslowtests:X2=66.40;df=2;P=0.001。4.在选择性实验中,Cox风险回归评估模型表明,当集团外猎物截形叶螨存在时,巴氏新小绥螨对黄瓜新小绥螨的捕食风险性较低(风险回归系数为-3.110),表明巴氏新小绥螨更倾向于捕食截形叶螨而不易发生1GP作用;当集团外猎物西花蓟马存在时,巴氏新小绥螨对黄瓜新小绥螨的捕食风险性较高(风险回归系数为1.344),表明巴氏新小绥螨倾向于捕食黄瓜新小绥螨而发生1GP作用。因此,两种植绥螨在联合释放防治西花蓟马时应考虑IGP作用的发生。5.两种植绥螨成螨对其各自种内成螨的捕食现象并未观察到,表明植绥螨的同类相残主要发生为成螨捕食幼螨。
[Abstract]:Both (Neoseiulus barkeri) and (Neoseiulus cucumeris) are polyeating phytoseids, mainly preying on leaf mites and thrips. In our laboratory, it has been shown that two plantations are more prone to predation of (Intraguild Predation, in interspecific groups without prey, Intraguild predatorus IG-predator and IG-predaty of IG-prey. In this paper, (Tetranychus truncatus) and (Franklinie occidentalis) were selected as Extraguild prey (Extraguild prey EG-prey) to further study the IGP effect of two cultivated Suiypidae in the presence of different out-of-group prey. The effects of different density of out-of-group prey on IGP were measured, and the predation selectivity of intra-group predator to intra-group and out-of-group prey was studied. The Cox regression model was used to evaluate the predation risk of the predator in the group, and the (Cannibalism) effects of the same species planted with Suiypidae were also studied. The results provided a basis for the rational management and joint release of the two planting mites. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. Studies on the effects of different density (no, appropriate, sufficient) on 1GP showed that the density of out-of-group prey had a significant effect on IGP. With the increase of the density of out-of-group prey, the number of the same species and the number of interspecific IGP decreased, but the number of predation increased. Therefore, the increase of the density of prey inhibited the IGP and the same species. 2. The effects of IGP on the existence of two cultivated Suiyidae in the presence of prey outside the same density group were compared, whether the Tetranychus truncate or the western flower thrips. The predation amount of Neoseieidae paussuiformis to juvenile mites of Cucumber Neossueidae was significantly higher than that of Cucumber Neossueidae to juvenile mites of Neoseieidae pasteuri, which further proved that Neosseidae paussuiformis was a group predator. 3. In nonselective experiments, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that when the neoseieidae pasteurus was a predator, Its attacking preference to the new Suiyidae cucumbers and two different groups of prey was in the order of Breslow tests: x21. 98 dfff0. 001, while when the Cucumber Neoseia was a predator, the order of attack preference was Breslow tests: x21. 98 dffn. 001, and when the Cucumber Neoseia was a predator, the order of attack preference was: 1 ~ (th) (Breslow tests: x21. 98 dff0. 001). Its attacking preference to the isosemous minussureous mites and two different groups of prey was as follows: the first instar larval nymphs of thrips westermani (Breslowtests: X _ 2: X _ (2), 66.40 d ~ (ffl) ~ (2) ~ (2) ~ (-) ~ (0.001.4), in order of the first instar nymphs of thrips westermani. In the selective experiment, Cox's risk regression model showed that when Tetranychus truncate, an out-of-group prey, existed, The predation risk (risk regression coefficient is -3.110) of Neoseieidae pasteuri to Cucumber Neossueiform mites is lower, which indicates that Neossueia paussuiformes preying on Tetranychus truncus is more prone to preying on Tetranychus sp. 1GP is not easy to occur. The predation risk (risk regression coefficient is 1.344) of Neoseieidae pasteuri to Cucumber Neossueiform is higher, which indicates that Neoseia paussuiformis tends to preying on Neoseieidae cucumbers and has 1GP effect. Therefore, the occurrence of IGP should be taken into account in the combined release and control of western flower thrips by two planting mites. The predation of adult mites to adult mites in their own species was not observed, which indicated that the same kind of damage of phytoseiid mites occurred mainly in adult mites preying on juvenile mites.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S476.2
本文编号：2193662
[Abstract]:Both (Neoseiulus barkeri) and (Neoseiulus cucumeris) are polyeating phytoseids, mainly preying on leaf mites and thrips. In our laboratory, it has been shown that two plantations are more prone to predation of (Intraguild Predation, in interspecific groups without prey, Intraguild predatorus IG-predator and IG-predaty of IG-prey. In this paper, (Tetranychus truncatus) and (Franklinie occidentalis) were selected as Extraguild prey (Extraguild prey EG-prey) to further study the IGP effect of two cultivated Suiypidae in the presence of different out-of-group prey. The effects of different density of out-of-group prey on IGP were measured, and the predation selectivity of intra-group predator to intra-group and out-of-group prey was studied. The Cox regression model was used to evaluate the predation risk of the predator in the group, and the (Cannibalism) effects of the same species planted with Suiypidae were also studied. The results provided a basis for the rational management and joint release of the two planting mites. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. Studies on the effects of different density (no, appropriate, sufficient) on 1GP showed that the density of out-of-group prey had a significant effect on IGP. With the increase of the density of out-of-group prey, the number of the same species and the number of interspecific IGP decreased, but the number of predation increased. Therefore, the increase of the density of prey inhibited the IGP and the same species. 2. The effects of IGP on the existence of two cultivated Suiyidae in the presence of prey outside the same density group were compared, whether the Tetranychus truncate or the western flower thrips. The predation amount of Neoseieidae paussuiformis to juvenile mites of Cucumber Neossueidae was significantly higher than that of Cucumber Neossueidae to juvenile mites of Neoseieidae pasteuri, which further proved that Neosseidae paussuiformis was a group predator. 3. In nonselective experiments, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that when the neoseieidae pasteurus was a predator, Its attacking preference to the new Suiyidae cucumbers and two different groups of prey was in the order of Breslow tests: x21. 98 dfff0. 001, while when the Cucumber Neoseia was a predator, the order of attack preference was Breslow tests: x21. 98 dffn. 001, and when the Cucumber Neoseia was a predator, the order of attack preference was: 1 ~ (th) (Breslow tests: x21. 98 dff0. 001). Its attacking preference to the isosemous minussureous mites and two different groups of prey was as follows: the first instar larval nymphs of thrips westermani (Breslowtests: X _ 2: X _ (2), 66.40 d ~ (ffl) ~ (2) ~ (2) ~ (-) ~ (0.001.4), in order of the first instar nymphs of thrips westermani. In the selective experiment, Cox's risk regression model showed that when Tetranychus truncate, an out-of-group prey, existed, The predation risk (risk regression coefficient is -3.110) of Neoseieidae pasteuri to Cucumber Neossueiform mites is lower, which indicates that Neossueia paussuiformes preying on Tetranychus truncus is more prone to preying on Tetranychus sp. 1GP is not easy to occur. The predation risk (risk regression coefficient is 1.344) of Neoseieidae pasteuri to Cucumber Neossueiform is higher, which indicates that Neoseia paussuiformis tends to preying on Neoseieidae cucumbers and has 1GP effect. Therefore, the occurrence of IGP should be taken into account in the combined release and control of western flower thrips by two planting mites. The predation of adult mites to adult mites in their own species was not observed, which indicated that the same kind of damage of phytoseiid mites occurred mainly in adult mites preying on juvenile mites.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S476.2
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