云南松泌脂量与解剖及生理生化特征的关系研究

发布时间：2018-10-29 20:13

【摘要】：松脂是松属(Pinus)树种主要的次生代谢产物,同时也是一种重要的林产化工原料,具有很高的生态和经济价值。云南松(Pinus yunnanensis Franch.)是我国西南地区主要采脂树种,具有很高的研究价值。本研究通过分析云南松产脂量与解剖学及生理生化特征之间的相关关系,比较高、低产脂量云南松解剖学及生理生化特征的差异。旨在了解和探索高产脂云南松植株解剖特征与生理生化特性,以及影响产脂量的因素,为选育云南松高产脂优树和建立高产脂林定向培育技术体系提供理论依据。主要研究结论如下:1.高产脂云南松针叶树脂道个数、针叶分泌细胞个数、树干韧皮部树脂道个数,木质部树脂道个数和木质部分泌细胞个数极显著高于低产脂云南松。而且,随着这些树脂道和分泌细胞个数的增加,云南松的产脂量也不断增加(P0.01)。2.高产脂云南松针叶可溶性糖、氮、磷、叶绿素a、叶绿素b以及叶绿素a+b的含量极显著高于低产脂云南松。而且,随着它们在针叶中含量的增加,云南松的产脂量也不断增加(P0.01)。3.高产脂云南松土壤速效氮、铜的含量以及蛋白酶、过氧化氢酶、脲酶的活性极显著高于低产脂云南松(P0.01),速效磷、铁、锰、锌的含量显著高于低产脂云南松(P0.05)。而且,随着它们在土壤中含量与活性的增加,云南松的产脂量也不断增加。4.经主成分分析,提取了3个主成分。这3个主成分中木质部树脂道个数、针叶中氮的含量和土壤中速效氮的含量所占载荷最大,即木质部树脂道个数、针叶中氮的含量和土壤中速效氮的含量与云南松产脂量最相关。因此,这3个成分的含量可作为选取高产脂云南松的指标。
[Abstract]:Turpentine is the main secondary metabolite of (Pinus) species, and it is also an important chemical raw material of forest products, which has high ecological and economic value. (Pinus yunnanensis Franch.) of Pinus yunnanensis Is the main liposuction tree species in Southwest China, with high research value. Based on the analysis of the correlation between fat production and anatomical, physiological and biochemical characteristics of Pinus yunnanensis, the differences of anatomical, physiological and biochemical characteristics of P. yunnanensis with high and low fat yield were compared. The purpose of this study was to understand and explore the anatomical characteristics, physiological and biochemical characteristics of high-yielding Pinus yunnanensis plants, and the factors affecting the yield of lipid, and to provide theoretical basis for breeding high-yielding and high-fat trees and for establishing directional cultivation technology system of high-yielding lipid forests. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. The number of resin canals, acicular secretory cells, phloem resin channels, xylem resin channels and xylem secretory cells of high fat pine needles were significantly higher than those of low fat producing Pinus yunnanensis. Moreover, with the increase of the number of resin channels and secretory cells, the fat production of Pinus yunnanensis increased (P0.01). The contents of soluble sugar, nitrogen, phosphorus, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and chlorophyll a b in the leaves of high fat pine needles were significantly higher than those in low fat producing Pinus yunnanensis. Moreover, with the increase of their content in needles, the fat production of Pinus yunnanensis increased (P0.01). The contents of available nitrogen, copper and the activities of protease, catalase and urease in the soil of high fat Pinus yunnanensis were significantly higher than those of the low fat pine (P0.01), the available phosphorus, iron, manganese, etc. Zinc content was significantly higher than that of low fat producing Pinus yunnanensis (P0.05). Moreover, with the increase of their content and activity in the soil, the fat production of Pinus yunnanensis is also increasing. 4. 4. Three principal components were extracted by principal component analysis. Among the three principal components, the number of resin channels in xylem, the content of nitrogen in needles and the content of available nitrogen in soil occupied the largest load, that is, the number of resin channels in xylem. The content of nitrogen in needles and available nitrogen in soil were most correlated with the fat production of Pinus yunnanensis. Therefore, the contents of these three components can be used as an index to select high-yield fat of Pinus yunnanensis.
【学位授予单位】：中国林业科学研究院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S791.257

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