不同材质生物炭对水稻产量和品质的影响
发布时间：2018-11-06 08:48
【摘要】：现阶段我们所认知的生物炭是指生物质(包括农作物秸秆等农林废弃物)植物组织以及污泥等废弃物在特定的环境条件下裂解的产物。具有良好的理化性质,对改善土壤实现农业生产等具有重要意义。有很多试验证明生物炭可以增加产量、提高品质、改善株形,但是目前关于生物炭的不同材质对作物的影响研究较少,不同生物质制成的生物炭在理化结构和性质方面都会存在差异,对作物的影响也存在差异。本试验包括两部分试验大田试验和盆栽试验,4个材质生物炭的处理,稻壳、花生壳、稻杆、食用菌棒。两个处理品种:沈农265和秋田小町。盆栽试验增加5个浓度:1.650%、3.3%、33%、66%、100%的生物炭浓度。主要的研究结果如下:1、不同材质生物炭对水稻产量的影响:不同材质生物炭当年施入对产量没有明显的差异,施加生物炭的产量要高于对照,增产表现在穗粒数和着粒密度。施入生物炭第二年在产量上表现的也不显著,差异主要表现在结实率和穗着粒数上。生物炭施入第三年材质同样影响穗着粒数。2、不同材质对水稻品质的影响:施入生物炭三年中,食味值并没有发生变化,对品质的影响主要表现在加工品质上,生物炭材质不同会影响稻米的糙米率、精米率。稻壳炭处理的粒型较其他炭处理显得短粗,当时所有的炭处理在粒型上与对照没有显著差异。3、不同材质生物炭对株形的影响:施加生物炭后,对分蘖、株高的影响不显著,叶色高于对照,且浓度越高,叶色越深,生长越缓慢,生物炭浓度高会延长水稻的生育期。
[Abstract]:At present, we know that biochar is the product of biomass (including agricultural and forestry wastes such as crop straw), plant tissue, sludge and other wastes under specific environmental conditions. It has good physical and chemical properties, and it is of great significance to improve the agricultural production of soil. Many experiments have shown that biochar can increase yield, improve quality and improve plant shape, but there is little research on the effect of different materials of biochar on crops. Biochar made from different biomass has different physicochemical structure and properties, and the effect on crops is also different. The experiment includes two parts, field experiment and pot experiment, the treatment of 4 materials biochar, rice husk, peanut shell, rice rod, edible fungus rod. Two treatment varieties: Shen Nong 265 and Akita Omachi. The pot experiment increased 5 concentrations: 1.650 and 3.3% and 100% biochar concentration. The main results are as follows: 1. The effect of biochar with different materials on rice yield: there was no significant difference in the yield by applying biochar with different materials, and the yield of applying biochar was higher than that of control. The yield was increased by the number of grains per ear and grain density. The yield of biochar was not significant in the second year, and the difference was mainly in the seed setting rate and the number of grains per panicle. The effect of different materials on the quality of rice was also affected by the third year of biochar application. The food taste value did not change in three years after applying biochar, and the effect on the quality was mainly on the processing quality. Different biochar materials will affect the brown rice rate and the milled rice rate. The grain shape of rice husk carbon treatment was shorter and thicker than that of other carbon treatments. At that time, there was no significant difference between the grain type and the control. 3. The effect of biochar of different materials on plant shape: after applying biochar, the effect on tiller and plant height was not significant. Leaf color was higher than the control, and the higher the concentration, the deeper the leaf color, the slower the growth, the higher the concentration of biochar, the longer the growth period of rice.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S511
，
本文编号：2313796
[Abstract]:At present, we know that biochar is the product of biomass (including agricultural and forestry wastes such as crop straw), plant tissue, sludge and other wastes under specific environmental conditions. It has good physical and chemical properties, and it is of great significance to improve the agricultural production of soil. Many experiments have shown that biochar can increase yield, improve quality and improve plant shape, but there is little research on the effect of different materials of biochar on crops. Biochar made from different biomass has different physicochemical structure and properties, and the effect on crops is also different. The experiment includes two parts, field experiment and pot experiment, the treatment of 4 materials biochar, rice husk, peanut shell, rice rod, edible fungus rod. Two treatment varieties: Shen Nong 265 and Akita Omachi. The pot experiment increased 5 concentrations: 1.650 and 3.3% and 100% biochar concentration. The main results are as follows: 1. The effect of biochar with different materials on rice yield: there was no significant difference in the yield by applying biochar with different materials, and the yield of applying biochar was higher than that of control. The yield was increased by the number of grains per ear and grain density. The yield of biochar was not significant in the second year, and the difference was mainly in the seed setting rate and the number of grains per panicle. The effect of different materials on the quality of rice was also affected by the third year of biochar application. The food taste value did not change in three years after applying biochar, and the effect on the quality was mainly on the processing quality. Different biochar materials will affect the brown rice rate and the milled rice rate. The grain shape of rice husk carbon treatment was shorter and thicker than that of other carbon treatments. At that time, there was no significant difference between the grain type and the control. 3. The effect of biochar of different materials on plant shape: after applying biochar, the effect on tiller and plant height was not significant. Leaf color was higher than the control, and the higher the concentration, the deeper the leaf color, the slower the growth, the higher the concentration of biochar, the longer the growth period of rice.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S511
，
本文编号：2313796
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