库源关系变化对“北红”和“赤霞珠”葡萄果实花色苷组分及积累的影响
发布时间：2018-11-08 20:19
【摘要】：为了提高贺兰山东麓酿酒葡萄的果实品质,本试验以“北红”和“赤霞珠”酿酒葡萄为试材,转色前通过进行疏叶和疏果处理以调节库源比例,研究库源关系变化对酿酒葡萄叶片生长发育、果实花色苷合成相关酶活性、花色苷组分及果实品质的影响。结果表明:1.与对照相比,酿酒葡萄源叶减少可提高叶片叶绿素含量;“北红”葡萄叶片的糖含量也有所提高,而“赤霞珠”葡萄叶片的糖含量则有所下降。随着“北红”葡萄源叶/果实库比例降低至20cm2/粒(12叶/穗)时,叶片的叶绿素及糖含量均有提高,其中可溶性总糖、还原糖和蔗糖含量均显著增加。“赤霞珠”葡萄源叶/果实库比例增加至22cm2/粒(23叶/穗)时,叶片的叶绿素和可溶性总糖含量提高,尤以叶绿素含量增加显著,而还原糖和蔗糖含量则有所下降,差异不显著。2.随着源叶面积比例的降低,“北红”葡萄果实花色苷酶活性有所提高;随着果实库比例的降低,“赤霞珠”葡萄果实花色苷酶活性则有所提高。“北红”葡萄在20cm2/粒(12叶/穗)时,PAL和4CL活性显著升高;“赤霞珠”葡萄随源叶/果实库比例增加或降低时,PAL活性均显著升高,C4H活性略有升高,4CL活性则显著降低。3.与对照相比,随着源叶/果实库比例的降低,酿酒葡萄果实总花色苷及单体花色苷含量增加。“北红”葡萄源/库比降低至20cm2/粒(12叶/穗)时,果实中总花色苷和单体花色苷含量有显著提高;“赤霞珠”葡萄随源/库比增加至22cm2/粒(23叶/穗)时,果实总花色苷含量略有提高,而单体花色苷含量则显著提高。4.随着“北红”葡萄源叶减少,源/库比降低至20cm2/粒(12叶/穗)时,果实的可溶性总糖、还原糖和总酚含量均有效提高;其次是源/库比增加(果实库减少)至28cm2/粒(20叶/穗)处理效果较好;二者差异不显著。“赤霞珠”葡萄进行疏粒处理对其品质的提高更为有利,随着源/库比增加至22cm2/粒(23叶/穗)时,果实的可溶性总糖和还原糖含量有效提高,总酚含量也显著增加,而单宁含量则显著降低;29cm2/粒(36叶/穗)的处理效果次之;二者差异亦未达显著水平。因此,在本试验条件下,“北红”葡萄源叶/果实库比例为20cm2/粒(12叶/穗)～28cm2/粒(20叶/穗)、“赤霞珠”葡萄为22cm2/粒(23叶/穗)～29cm2/粒(36叶/德)时,较为适宜其营养生长和生殖生长。果实转色前进行适宜的库源比例调节,利于果实花色苷合成相关酶活性的积累、加速诱导花色苷的生成,以此提高果实品质及产量、增强植株生长发育。
[Abstract]:In order to improve the fruit quality of wine grape at the eastern foot of Helan Mountain, the grape of "Beihong" and "Cabernet Sauvignon" was used as the material in this experiment, and the ratio of pool and source was adjusted by thinning leaves and fruits before color conversion. The effects of pool and source relationship on leaf growth and development, anthocyanin synthase activity, anthocyanin composition and fruit quality of wine grape were studied. The results show that: 1. Compared with the control, the leaf chlorophyll content was increased by reducing the source leaf of wine grape, the sugar content of the leaf of "Beihong" grape was also increased, and the sugar content of the leaf of Cabernet Sauvignon was decreased. When the ratio of source leaf to fruit sink of "Beihong" grape decreased to 12 leaves / panicles of 20cm2/, the content of chlorophyll and sugar in leaves increased, and the contents of soluble sugar, reducing sugar and sucrose increased significantly. When the ratio of source leaf to fruit sink of Cabernet Sauvignon increased to 23 leaves / panicle of 22cm2/, the content of chlorophyll and soluble sugar increased, especially the content of chlorophyll increased significantly, while the content of reducing sugar and sucrose decreased. The difference is not significant. 2. With the decrease of the ratio of the source leaf area, the anthocyaninase activity of "Beihong" grape fruit was increased, while that of Cabernet Sauvignon grape fruit anthocyaninase increased with the decrease of fruit pool ratio. The activities of PAL and 4CL increased significantly in 20cm2/ grains (12 leaves / panicles) of "Beihong" grape. With the increase or decrease of the ratio of source leaf to fruit sink, the activity of PAL increased significantly, the activity of C4H increased slightly, and the activity of 4CL decreased significantly with the increase or decrease of the ratio of source leaf to fruit pool of Cabernet Sauvignon (Cabernet Sauvignon). Compared with the control, the total anthocyanins and monomeric anthocyanins increased with the decrease of the ratio of source leaf to fruit pool. When the ratio of source / sink of "Beihong" grape decreased to 12 leaves / panicles of 20cm2/, the content of anthocyanin and anthocyanin in fruit increased significantly. The total anthocyanin content of Cabernet Sauvignon grape increased slightly with the increase of source / sink ratio to 22cm2/ grain (23 leaf / panicle), while that of monomeric anthocyanin increased significantly. 4. With the decrease of "Beihong" grape source leaves, the ratio of source to sink decreased to 12 leaves / panicles of 20cm2/, the contents of soluble sugar, reducing sugar and total phenol increased effectively. Secondly, the effect of source / sink ratio increased (fruit sink decreased) to 28cm2/ grain (20 leaves / panicle) was better, but the difference between them was not significant. The quality of Cabernet Sauvignon grape was improved by thinning treatment. With the increase of source / sink ratio to 22cm2/ grain (23 leaf / panicle), the content of soluble sugar and reducing sugar increased effectively, and the content of total phenol increased significantly. The content of tannin decreased significantly. The treatment effect of 29cm2/ grain (36 leaf / ear) was the second, and the difference between them was not significant. Therefore, under the experimental conditions, the ratio of source leaf to fruit sink of "Behong" grape was 20cm2/ (12 leaves / panicle) ~ 28cm2/ grain (20 leaves / panicle), and Cabernet Sauvignon grape was 22cm2/ grain (23 leaf / ear) ~ 29cm2/ grain (36 leaf / d). It is suitable for vegetative growth and reproductive growth. The appropriate ratio of pool and source was adjusted before fruit color conversion, which was beneficial to the accumulation of anthocyanin synthesis-related enzyme activity, to accelerate the induction of anthocyanin formation, so as to improve the fruit quality and yield, and enhance the plant growth and development.
【学位授予单位】：宁夏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S663.1
[Abstract]:In order to improve the fruit quality of wine grape at the eastern foot of Helan Mountain, the grape of "Beihong" and "Cabernet Sauvignon" was used as the material in this experiment, and the ratio of pool and source was adjusted by thinning leaves and fruits before color conversion. The effects of pool and source relationship on leaf growth and development, anthocyanin synthase activity, anthocyanin composition and fruit quality of wine grape were studied. The results show that: 1. Compared with the control, the leaf chlorophyll content was increased by reducing the source leaf of wine grape, the sugar content of the leaf of "Beihong" grape was also increased, and the sugar content of the leaf of Cabernet Sauvignon was decreased. When the ratio of source leaf to fruit sink of "Beihong" grape decreased to 12 leaves / panicles of 20cm2/, the content of chlorophyll and sugar in leaves increased, and the contents of soluble sugar, reducing sugar and sucrose increased significantly. When the ratio of source leaf to fruit sink of Cabernet Sauvignon increased to 23 leaves / panicle of 22cm2/, the content of chlorophyll and soluble sugar increased, especially the content of chlorophyll increased significantly, while the content of reducing sugar and sucrose decreased. The difference is not significant. 2. With the decrease of the ratio of the source leaf area, the anthocyaninase activity of "Beihong" grape fruit was increased, while that of Cabernet Sauvignon grape fruit anthocyaninase increased with the decrease of fruit pool ratio. The activities of PAL and 4CL increased significantly in 20cm2/ grains (12 leaves / panicles) of "Beihong" grape. With the increase or decrease of the ratio of source leaf to fruit sink, the activity of PAL increased significantly, the activity of C4H increased slightly, and the activity of 4CL decreased significantly with the increase or decrease of the ratio of source leaf to fruit pool of Cabernet Sauvignon (Cabernet Sauvignon). Compared with the control, the total anthocyanins and monomeric anthocyanins increased with the decrease of the ratio of source leaf to fruit pool. When the ratio of source / sink of "Beihong" grape decreased to 12 leaves / panicles of 20cm2/, the content of anthocyanin and anthocyanin in fruit increased significantly. The total anthocyanin content of Cabernet Sauvignon grape increased slightly with the increase of source / sink ratio to 22cm2/ grain (23 leaf / panicle), while that of monomeric anthocyanin increased significantly. 4. With the decrease of "Beihong" grape source leaves, the ratio of source to sink decreased to 12 leaves / panicles of 20cm2/, the contents of soluble sugar, reducing sugar and total phenol increased effectively. Secondly, the effect of source / sink ratio increased (fruit sink decreased) to 28cm2/ grain (20 leaves / panicle) was better, but the difference between them was not significant. The quality of Cabernet Sauvignon grape was improved by thinning treatment. With the increase of source / sink ratio to 22cm2/ grain (23 leaf / panicle), the content of soluble sugar and reducing sugar increased effectively, and the content of total phenol increased significantly. The content of tannin decreased significantly. The treatment effect of 29cm2/ grain (36 leaf / ear) was the second, and the difference between them was not significant. Therefore, under the experimental conditions, the ratio of source leaf to fruit sink of "Behong" grape was 20cm2/ (12 leaves / panicle) ~ 28cm2/ grain (20 leaves / panicle), and Cabernet Sauvignon grape was 22cm2/ grain (23 leaf / ear) ~ 29cm2/ grain (36 leaf / d). It is suitable for vegetative growth and reproductive growth. The appropriate ratio of pool and source was adjusted before fruit color conversion, which was beneficial to the accumulation of anthocyanin synthesis-related enzyme activity, to accelerate the induction of anthocyanin formation, so as to improve the fruit quality and yield, and enhance the plant growth and development.
【学位授予单位】：宁夏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S663.1
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