鄱阳湖沙化土地草本植物恢复试验研究

发布时间：2018-11-11 15:19

【摘要】：采用室内盆栽试验,研究两种水分条件下(足量供水与限量供水)施加五种(0.00%、0.10%、0.20%、0.30%、0.40%)保水剂浓度对狗牙根、高羊茅萌发及幼苗形态、生理特征的影响,同时利用抗旱性综合评定法对狗牙根、高羊茅抗旱性能进行综合分析与评价。通过野外调查和试验,探寻沙化土地草本植物快速恢复方法,以破除沙化土地水分、养分缺乏及风沙流动对草本植物种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。研究结论如下:(1)保水剂可提高高羊茅种子萌发率与发芽势,足量供水条件最优保水剂浓度为0.10%,限量供水条件最优保水剂浓度为0.40%和0.30%;保水剂可提高高羊茅幼苗叶片的Chl a、Chl b及类胡萝卜素含量,降低幼苗叶片SOD,POD,MDA的含量,保水剂浓度为0.20%~0.40%处理时各组值变化幅度较小;保水剂可提高高羊茅根系活力,在保水剂浓度为0.20%处理时达到最大值;5种保水剂浓度下高羊茅抗旱性顺序在足量供水条件下为0.40%0.20%0.30%0.10%0.00%,限量供水条件下为0.30%0.20%0.40%0.10%0.00%。(2)施加保水剂可以提高狗牙根匍匐茎萌发率与发芽势,最优保水剂浓度在足量供水条件为0.30%,限量供水条件下萌发率与发芽势分别为0.20%和0.30%;施加保水剂可以提高狗牙根幼苗地上生物量、地下生物量及总生物量;施加保水剂浓度为0.10%~0.30%时的狗牙根幼苗叶片光合色素Chl a、Chl b、Chl a+b的含量均高于CK组;施加保水剂处理的狗牙根叶片膜脂过氧化产物MDA及保护酶SOD、POD、CAT含量均低于CK组;5种保水剂浓度下狗牙根幼苗抗旱性顺序在足量供水条件下为0.30%0.20%0.10%0.40%0.00%,限量供水条件下为0.30%0.20%0.40%0.10%0.00%。(3)野外试验表明,添加保水剂可提高狗牙根种子萌发率和促进幼苗生长。狗牙根发芽率呈现先上升后下降趋势,在保水剂的浓度为0.25%时达到最大,当保水剂浓度高于0.25%,种子萌发速率开始下降;从存活率来看,整个试验期添加保水剂处理组存活率均高于对照组;随着试验持续时间的延长,添加保水剂处理组株高较对照组增加越发明显。
[Abstract]:A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of water absorbent concentration on dogtooth root under two water conditions (adequate water supply and limited water supply) (0.000.10 and 0.20 0.30 0.40%). The effects of germination, morphology and physiological characteristics of tall fescue seedlings on drought resistance were analyzed and evaluated by the comprehensive evaluation method of drought resistance of dogtooth and tall fescue. Through field investigation and experiment, this paper explores the method of rapid recovery of herbaceous plants in sandy land, in order to eliminate the effects of water, nutrient deficiency and sand flow on the seed germination and seedling growth of herbaceous plants in desertified land. The results were as follows: (1) the germination rate and germination potential of tall fescue seeds could be increased by water absorbent. The optimum concentration of absorbent was 0.10 in sufficient water supply condition, and 0.40% and 0.30% in limited water supply condition. The water-retaining agent could increase the content of Chl a Chlb and carotenoid in the leaves of tall fescue seedlings, and decrease the content of SOD,POD,MDA in the leaves of tall fescue seedlings. When the concentration of water absorbent was 0.20%, the value of each group changed slightly. The root system activity of tall fescue was increased by water-retaining agent, and the maximum value was reached when the concentration of water-retaining agent was 0.20%. The order of drought resistance of tall fescue was 0.400.20 and 0.300.100.00000 under the condition of sufficient water supply under the concentration of 5 kinds of water-retaining agents. Under the condition of limited water supply, 0.300.20 and 0.400.100.0.00. (2) applying water absorbent can improve the germinating rate and germinating potential of stolon, and the optimum concentration of absorbent is 0.30 in sufficient water supply. The germination rate and germination potential were 0.20% and 0.30% respectively under limited water supply. The aboveground biomass, underground biomass and total biomass could be increased by adding water-retaining agent. When the concentration of water absorbent was 0.10 ~ 0.30, the content of photosynthetic pigment Chl _ (1) B _ (b) Chla-b was higher than that of CK group. The contents of membrane lipid peroxidation product (MDA) and protective enzyme (SOD,POD,CAT) in leaves treated with water retaining agent were lower than those in CK group. The order of drought resistance of the seedlings of Doggtooth was 0.300.200.100.400.000 under the condition of sufficient water supply under the concentration of 5 kinds of water absorbent. Under the condition of limited water supply, 0.300.20 and 0.400.100.000.The field test showed that the addition of water absorbent could increase the germination rate of seeds and promote the seedling growth. The germination rate of dogtooth rose first and then decreased, and reached the maximum when the concentration of water absorbent was 0.25. When the concentration of water absorbent was higher than 0.25, the germination rate of seeds began to decrease. The survival rate of the treated group was higher than that of the control group in the whole trial period, and the plant height of the treated group was significantly higher than that of the control group with the prolongation of the trial duration.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S688.4

【参考文献】