近自然经营对旺业甸林场森林持水能力的影响研究
发布时间：2018-11-28 20:33
【摘要】：本研究以燕山北麓内蒙古自治区赤峰市喀喇沁旗旺业甸为研究地点,以不同林龄人工油松林(Pinus tabulaeformis)、人工落叶松林(Larix principis-rupprechti)以及天然白桦林(Betula platyphylla)为研究对象,对不同林分近自然经营、常规经营和未经营三种森林经营方式林下枯落物层及土壤层的持水能力进行调查分析,研究近自然经营下对土壤和枯落物持水能力的影响,为该地区森林经营提供一定的理论依据,研究结果如下:(1)近自然经营下的三种林型枯落物储量高于当地常规经营,但低于未经营。未经营、近自然经营、常规经营人工油松林枯落物储量分别为14.37t/hm2、12.76t/hm2、10.97t/hm2,人工落叶松林分别为13.48t/hm2、11.62t/hm2、10.36t/hm2,天然白桦林分别为 12.28t/hm2、9.68t/hm2、7.86t/hm2。(2)不同森林经营方式枯落物有效拦蓄量与枯落物储量表现出相同的变化趋势,未经营、近自然经营、常规经营人工油松林枯落物有效拦蓄量分别为19.54t/hm2、16.88t/h1m2、13.42t/hm2,人工落叶松林分别为23.54t/hm2、17.99t/hm2、14.70t/hm2,天然白桦林分别为 22.36t/hm2、16.27t/hm2、13.00t/hm2。(3)近自然经营方式改善了土壤毛管孔隙状况,三种林分类型土壤毛管孔隙度为均表现为近自然经营未经营常规经营的趋势。近自然经营、未经营、常规经营人工油松林土壤毛管孔隙度分别为46.14%、39.51%、36.96%,人工落叶松林分别为43.81%、42.20%、40.58%,天然白桦林分别为 43.97%、42.06%、40.50%。(4)不同森林经营方式的土壤蓄水量表现出与土壤毛管孔隙度相同的变化趋势,未经营、近自然经营、常规经营人工油松林土壤蓄水量为1635.78t/hm2、1495.48 t/hm2、1357.54t/hm2,人工落叶松林分别为 1758.73t/hm2、1693.64t/hm2、1568.84t/hm2,天然白桦林分别为 1767.91t/hm2、1687.39t/hm2、1571.39t/hm2。(5)林地的持水能力均为近自然经营最好,常规经营最差。人工油松林、人工落叶松林与天然白桦林近自然经营总蓄水量为1662.42t/hm2、1789.39t/hm2、1594.61t/hm2,未经营为 1526.12t/hm2、1732.35t/hm2、1717.64t/hm2,常规经营为 1379.18t/hm2、1796.98t/hm2、1592.90 t/hm2。
[Abstract]:In this study, Wangyedian, Karaqin Banner, Chifeng City, Northern foot of Yanshan Mountain, was used as the research site, (Pinus tabulaeformis), artificial larch forest (Larix principis-rupprechti) and natural birch forest (Betula platyphylla) were used as the research objects, and the artificial larch forest (Larix principis-rupprechti) and the natural birch forest (Betula platyphylla) of different forest ages were used in this study. The water holding capacity of litter layer and soil layer were investigated and analyzed in three forest management modes, I. e., near natural management, conventional management and unmanaged forest management, and the effects of near-natural management on the water holding capacity of soil and litter were studied. The results are as follows: (1) the reserves of three types of forest litter under near-natural management are higher than that of local conventional management, but lower than that of non-management. The reserves of litter in unmanaged, near-natural, conventional artificial Pinus tabulaeformis forest were 14.37 t / hm ~ (-2) / (12.76 t / hm ~ (2) / 10.97 t / hm ~ (2) and 13.48 t / hm ~ (2) / m ~ (2) and 11.62 t / m ~ (2) / 10.36 t / hm ~ (2), respectively. The natural birch forest was 12.28 t / hm ~ 2 / hm ~ (2) / 9.68 t / hm ~ (2) / 7.86 t / hm ~ (2) respectively. (2) the effective interception of litter and the storage of litter in different forest management modes showed the same changing trend. The effective storage capacity of litter in conventional artificial Pinus tabulaeformis forest is 19.54 t / hm ~ (2), 16.88 t / h ~ (-1) m ~ (2) and 13.42 t / hm ~ (2), respectively, and that in artificial larch forest is 23.54 t / hm ~ (2), 17.99 t / hm ~ (2), 14.70 t / hm ~ (2), respectively. The natural birch forest was 22.36 t / hm ~ 2 / hm ~ (2) and 16.27 t / hm ~ (2) 路hm ~ (2) / hm ~ (2) respectively. (3) the near natural management improved the pore condition of soil capillary. The soil capillary porosity of the three forest types showed the trend of unconventional management. The porosity of soil capillary of artificial Pinus tabulaeformis forest is 46.14 and 39.51and 36.96respectively, and 43.81and 42.20cm of artificial larch forest, 42.20and 40.58, respectively, in the near natural management, not in operation, and in the conventional management of artificial Pinus tabulaeformis forest. The natural birch stands were 43.97 and 42.06 respectively. (4) the soil water storage of different forest management modes showed the same change trend as the soil capillary porosity. The soil water storage of conventional artificial Pinus tabulaeformis forest is 1635.78 t / hm ~ (2) / hm ~ (2) 1495.48 t / hm ~ (2) ~ (-1) 57.54 t / hm ~ (2), and that of artificial larch forest is 1758.73 t / h ~ (2) / hm ~ (2) ~ (-1) 1693.64 t / hm ~ (2) / h ~ (2), 1568.84 t / hm ~ (2), respectively. The natural birch forest was 1767.91 t / hm ~ (2) / hm ~ (2) = 1687.39 t / hm ~ (2) / hm ~ (2) = 1571.39 t / hm ~ (2) respectively. (5) the water holding capacity of forest land was the best in near-natural management and the worst in conventional management. The total volume of water stored in the natural operation of the artificial larch forest and the natural birch forest is 1662.42 t / hm ~ (2) / 1789.39 t / hm ~ (2) / 1594.61 t / hm ~ (2), and is not operated as 1 526.12 t / h ~ (2) / h ~ (2) ~ 1732.35 t / hm ~ (2) / 1717.64 t / hm ~ (2). Conventional business is 1379.18 t / hm2t / hm2n 1796.98t / hm2t / hm2r 1592.90t / hm2.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S750
本文编号：2364184
[Abstract]:In this study, Wangyedian, Karaqin Banner, Chifeng City, Northern foot of Yanshan Mountain, was used as the research site, (Pinus tabulaeformis), artificial larch forest (Larix principis-rupprechti) and natural birch forest (Betula platyphylla) were used as the research objects, and the artificial larch forest (Larix principis-rupprechti) and the natural birch forest (Betula platyphylla) of different forest ages were used in this study. The water holding capacity of litter layer and soil layer were investigated and analyzed in three forest management modes, I. e., near natural management, conventional management and unmanaged forest management, and the effects of near-natural management on the water holding capacity of soil and litter were studied. The results are as follows: (1) the reserves of three types of forest litter under near-natural management are higher than that of local conventional management, but lower than that of non-management. The reserves of litter in unmanaged, near-natural, conventional artificial Pinus tabulaeformis forest were 14.37 t / hm ~ (-2) / (12.76 t / hm ~ (2) / 10.97 t / hm ~ (2) and 13.48 t / hm ~ (2) / m ~ (2) and 11.62 t / m ~ (2) / 10.36 t / hm ~ (2), respectively. The natural birch forest was 12.28 t / hm ~ 2 / hm ~ (2) / 9.68 t / hm ~ (2) / 7.86 t / hm ~ (2) respectively. (2) the effective interception of litter and the storage of litter in different forest management modes showed the same changing trend. The effective storage capacity of litter in conventional artificial Pinus tabulaeformis forest is 19.54 t / hm ~ (2), 16.88 t / h ~ (-1) m ~ (2) and 13.42 t / hm ~ (2), respectively, and that in artificial larch forest is 23.54 t / hm ~ (2), 17.99 t / hm ~ (2), 14.70 t / hm ~ (2), respectively. The natural birch forest was 22.36 t / hm ~ 2 / hm ~ (2) and 16.27 t / hm ~ (2) 路hm ~ (2) / hm ~ (2) respectively. (3) the near natural management improved the pore condition of soil capillary. The soil capillary porosity of the three forest types showed the trend of unconventional management. The porosity of soil capillary of artificial Pinus tabulaeformis forest is 46.14 and 39.51and 36.96respectively, and 43.81and 42.20cm of artificial larch forest, 42.20and 40.58, respectively, in the near natural management, not in operation, and in the conventional management of artificial Pinus tabulaeformis forest. The natural birch stands were 43.97 and 42.06 respectively. (4) the soil water storage of different forest management modes showed the same change trend as the soil capillary porosity. The soil water storage of conventional artificial Pinus tabulaeformis forest is 1635.78 t / hm ~ (2) / hm ~ (2) 1495.48 t / hm ~ (2) ~ (-1) 57.54 t / hm ~ (2), and that of artificial larch forest is 1758.73 t / h ~ (2) / hm ~ (2) ~ (-1) 1693.64 t / hm ~ (2) / h ~ (2), 1568.84 t / hm ~ (2), respectively. The natural birch forest was 1767.91 t / hm ~ (2) / hm ~ (2) = 1687.39 t / hm ~ (2) / hm ~ (2) = 1571.39 t / hm ~ (2) respectively. (5) the water holding capacity of forest land was the best in near-natural management and the worst in conventional management. The total volume of water stored in the natural operation of the artificial larch forest and the natural birch forest is 1662.42 t / hm ~ (2) / 1789.39 t / hm ~ (2) / 1594.61 t / hm ~ (2), and is not operated as 1 526.12 t / h ~ (2) / h ~ (2) ~ 1732.35 t / hm ~ (2) / 1717.64 t / hm ~ (2). Conventional business is 1379.18 t / hm2t / hm2n 1796.98t / hm2t / hm2r 1592.90t / hm2.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S750
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