北美香柏扦插繁殖技术及其生根生理生化机理的研究
发布时间：2019-04-20 11:58
【摘要】：北美香柏(Thuja occidentalis),又名北部白雪松(Northern white-cedar),主产于美国东部的一种常绿乔木。树型优美,叶色浓郁,可抗烟尘、二氧化硫,常作为环保型园林绿化树种,其枝叶中富含黄酮、单宁等成分,因此具有良好的医药功效。以两年生插穗为材料,从品种、基质、扦插时间、激素处理等方面着手,对北美香柏扦插繁殖体系进行优化,通过分析不同处理插穗生根过程中内源激素含量、氧化酶活性、营养物质含量变化规律,探究北美香柏扦插生根机理,旨在为北美香柏扦插繁殖提供理论指导。研究结果如下:(1)不同品种、基质、扦插时期、激素种类、激素浓度、处理时间对插穗生根效果具有显著影响。北美香柏最优扦插繁殖体系为:以两年生'Green Giant'枝条为材料,扦插基质为V(珍珠岩):V(泥炭土)=3:1,扦插时间为秋季,处理激素为K-IBA、质量浓度为8000mg/L、处理时间为10s,生根率达92.22%。(2)生根形态学观察发现,北美香柏插穗既有基部愈伤组织生根,又有皮部生根,其中基部愈伤组织生根为主。其不定根的形成大致分为3个阶段:0～24d,愈伤组织形成期,24~48d,不定根形成期,48～60d,不定根伸长期。(3)内源激素IAA、ABA、ZT、GA对不定根的形成具有重要的调控作用。IAA含量在愈伤组织形成期上升,不定根形成期、不定根伸长期下降;ABA含量在整个生根过程中呈下降趋势;ZT与GA含量在愈伤组织形成期降低,不定根形成期、不定根伸长期上升。K-IBA的处理促进了 IAA的合成,抑制了 ABA、ZT、GA的合成,形成高IAA/ZT、IAA/ABA值,从而促进插穗生根。(4)氧化酶POD、PPO、IAAO的活性变化与不定根的形成联系密切。愈伤组织形成期,POD、PPO活性上升,IAAO活性下降;不定根形成期,POD、PPO活性下降,IAAO活性上升;不定根伸长期,POD活性微弱上升,PPO活性趋于稳定,IAAO活性下降。外源激素K-IBA通过提高POD、PPO活性,降低IAAO活性来促进北美香柏插穗不定根的形成。(5)营养物质的代谢对不定根形成具有重要的影响。愈伤组织形成期,可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、总氮含量升高,淀粉含量下降,不定根形成期,可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖含量下降,淀粉含量上升,总氮含量保持稳定,不定根生长期,各营养物质含量上升。K-IBA的处理,有利于可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖的积累,提高了插穗对淀粉的利用率,形成高C/N值,插穗生根效果更好。
[Abstract]:North American cedar (Thuja occidentalis), also known as the northern white cedar (Northern white-cedar), chiefly in the eastern United States of an evergreen tree. The tree type is beautiful, the leaf color is rich, can resist the smoke dust, the sulfur dioxide, often as the environmental protection garden greening tree species, its branches and leaves are rich in flavonoids, tannins and so on, therefore has the good medicine effect. Taking biennial cuttings as materials, the cutting propagation system of cedar in North America was optimized from the aspects of variety, substrate, cutting time, hormone treatment and so on. The content of endogenous hormones and the activity of oxidase in the rooting process of cuttings in different treatments were analyzed. To explore the rooting mechanism of cedar cuttage in order to provide theoretical guidance for cutting propagation of cedar. The results were as follows: (1) different varieties, stroma, cutting period, hormone type, hormone concentration and treatment time had significant effects on rooting effect of cuttings. The optimum cutting propagation system of Cypress cedar was as follows: using biennial 'Green Giant' branch as material, cutting medium V (perlite): V (peat soil) = 3, cutting time as autumn, treatment hormone as kg IBA, mass concentration of 8 000 mg / L, the optimum cutting medium was V (perlite): V (peat soil) = 3%, the cutting time was autumn, and the concentration was 8 000 mg / L. The rooting rate was 92.22% after 10 s treatment. (2) the morphological observation of rooting showed that the cuttings of cedar in North America had both basal and cutaneous roots, among which the basal calli were the main ones. (2) the rooting morphology of the cuttings showed that there were not only basal calli but also bark roots in the cuttings. The formation of adventitious roots is divided into three stages: 0 ~ 24 days, callus formation, 24 ~ 48 days, adventitious root formation, 48 ~ 60 days, and adventitious root extension. (3) the endogenous hormone IAA,ABA,ZT, GA content increased in callus formation stage, adventitious root formation stage, and adventitious root extension period decreased in adventitious root formation stage. (2) the content of IAA in adventitious root formation stage was higher than that in adventitious root formation stage. The content of ABA decreased in the whole rooting process. The contents of ZT and GA decreased in callus formation stage, adventitious root formation stage and adventitious root elongation stage. K-IBA treatment promoted the synthesis of IAA, inhibited the synthesis of ABA,ZT,GA and formed high IAA/ZT,IAA/ A value. (4) the activity of oxidase POD,PPO,IAAO was closely related to the formation of adventitious roots. During callus formation, POD,PPO activity increased, IAAO activity decreased, POD,PPO activity decreased and IAAO activity increased during adventitious root formation, POD activity slightly increased, PPO activity tended to stabilize and IAAO activity decreased during adventitious root extension. Exogenous hormone K-IBA promoted adventitious root formation of cedar cuttings by increasing POD,PPO activity and decreasing IAAO activity. (5) the metabolism of nutrients had an important effect on adventitious root formation. During callus formation, soluble protein, soluble sugar, total nitrogen content increased, starch content decreased, adventitious root formation stage, soluble protein, soluble sugar content decreased, starch content increased, total nitrogen content remained stable. During adventitious root growth period, the contents of nutrients increased, and the treatment of K-IBA was beneficial to the accumulation of soluble protein and soluble sugar, increased the utilization rate of starch, formed a high C / N value, and had a better rooting effect on cuttings.
【学位授予单位】：中南林业科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S791
，
本文编号：2461589
[Abstract]:North American cedar (Thuja occidentalis), also known as the northern white cedar (Northern white-cedar), chiefly in the eastern United States of an evergreen tree. The tree type is beautiful, the leaf color is rich, can resist the smoke dust, the sulfur dioxide, often as the environmental protection garden greening tree species, its branches and leaves are rich in flavonoids, tannins and so on, therefore has the good medicine effect. Taking biennial cuttings as materials, the cutting propagation system of cedar in North America was optimized from the aspects of variety, substrate, cutting time, hormone treatment and so on. The content of endogenous hormones and the activity of oxidase in the rooting process of cuttings in different treatments were analyzed. To explore the rooting mechanism of cedar cuttage in order to provide theoretical guidance for cutting propagation of cedar. The results were as follows: (1) different varieties, stroma, cutting period, hormone type, hormone concentration and treatment time had significant effects on rooting effect of cuttings. The optimum cutting propagation system of Cypress cedar was as follows: using biennial 'Green Giant' branch as material, cutting medium V (perlite): V (peat soil) = 3, cutting time as autumn, treatment hormone as kg IBA, mass concentration of 8 000 mg / L, the optimum cutting medium was V (perlite): V (peat soil) = 3%, the cutting time was autumn, and the concentration was 8 000 mg / L. The rooting rate was 92.22% after 10 s treatment. (2) the morphological observation of rooting showed that the cuttings of cedar in North America had both basal and cutaneous roots, among which the basal calli were the main ones. (2) the rooting morphology of the cuttings showed that there were not only basal calli but also bark roots in the cuttings. The formation of adventitious roots is divided into three stages: 0 ~ 24 days, callus formation, 24 ~ 48 days, adventitious root formation, 48 ~ 60 days, and adventitious root extension. (3) the endogenous hormone IAA,ABA,ZT, GA content increased in callus formation stage, adventitious root formation stage, and adventitious root extension period decreased in adventitious root formation stage. (2) the content of IAA in adventitious root formation stage was higher than that in adventitious root formation stage. The content of ABA decreased in the whole rooting process. The contents of ZT and GA decreased in callus formation stage, adventitious root formation stage and adventitious root elongation stage. K-IBA treatment promoted the synthesis of IAA, inhibited the synthesis of ABA,ZT,GA and formed high IAA/ZT,IAA/ A value. (4) the activity of oxidase POD,PPO,IAAO was closely related to the formation of adventitious roots. During callus formation, POD,PPO activity increased, IAAO activity decreased, POD,PPO activity decreased and IAAO activity increased during adventitious root formation, POD activity slightly increased, PPO activity tended to stabilize and IAAO activity decreased during adventitious root extension. Exogenous hormone K-IBA promoted adventitious root formation of cedar cuttings by increasing POD,PPO activity and decreasing IAAO activity. (5) the metabolism of nutrients had an important effect on adventitious root formation. During callus formation, soluble protein, soluble sugar, total nitrogen content increased, starch content decreased, adventitious root formation stage, soluble protein, soluble sugar content decreased, starch content increased, total nitrogen content remained stable. During adventitious root growth period, the contents of nutrients increased, and the treatment of K-IBA was beneficial to the accumulation of soluble protein and soluble sugar, increased the utilization rate of starch, formed a high C / N value, and had a better rooting effect on cuttings.
【学位授予单位】：中南林业科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S791
，
本文编号：2461589
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