秦皇岛市外来入侵植物调查

发布时间：2019-05-06 23:10

【摘要】：本文介绍了2010年-2016年对秦皇岛市外来入侵植物的调查,调查结果表明:(1)秦皇岛市存在的外来入侵植物共计22科57种。其中,水生植物3科3种;陆生植物21科54种。从原产地分析,以来自美洲的物种居多,要加强对来自美洲国家人员和物品的检疫工作。从传入途径分析,人为有目的引入是主要的传入因素,希望有关部门和人员在引入外来物种的同时也要加强监管。(2)秦皇岛市豚草总发生面积为132.1km2。从分布上看,全秦皇岛市范围内均有发生,其中青龙县发生程度最低,但潜在威胁最大。青龙县以山区为主,一旦大面积蔓延,将会给灭除工作带来极大困难。从生境上分析,以路边、沟渠、林地为主,农田、果园偶有发现。其中路边发生面积最大,同时路边生长的豚草与人接触密切,而豚草的主要危害之一就是其花粉会使人产生严重的过敏反应。因此豚草防控工作的重点是控制路边豚草的发生。(3)秦皇岛市少花蒺藜草总发生面积20hm2,集中分布在昌黎县翡翠岛景区周边,近几年发展迅速,已经形成种群优势,具有蔓延扩散的风险。少花蒺藜草在秦皇岛市的发生面积虽然并不是很大,分布范围也不是很广,但潜在危害巨大。少花蒺藜草繁殖能力强、适应性强、灭除困难,其主要生境是沙地,而秦皇岛市沙地主要分布在海滩一带,这里植被稀少,生物多样性低,一旦被外来植物入侵,将会对整个生态系统造成不可逆转的破坏,同时也会给秦皇岛市的旅游业造成巨大损失。本文调查旨在为秦皇岛地区的外来入侵植物防控工作提供可靠的参考依据。
[Abstract]:This paper introduces the investigation of exotic invasive plants in Qinhuangdao from 2010 to 2016. The results show that: (1) there are 22 families and 57 species of alien invasive plants in Qinhuangdao. Among them, 3 species of aquatic plants and 54 species of 21 families of terrestrial plants. From the origin analysis, mainly species from the Americas, the quarantine of people and articles from American countries should be strengthened. It is hoped that the relevant departments and personnel should strengthen supervision while introducing alien species. (2) the total occurrence area of ragweed in Qinhuangdao City is 132.1 km ~ (2) 路(2) the total occurrence area of ragweed in Qinhuangdao City is 132.1 km ~ (2). In terms of distribution, Qinhuangdao has occurred all over the city, among which Qinglong County has the lowest degree of occurrence, but the potential threat is the greatest. Qinglong County is mainly mountainous area, once large area spread, will bring great difficulty to eliminate work. From the habitat analysis, roadside, ditch, woodland, farmland, orchard occasionally found. One of the main hazards of ragweed is that its pollen will cause severe allergic reactions to people. The area of the roadside is the largest, and the roadside growing ragweed is in close contact with human beings, and one of the main hazards of ragweed is that its pollen will cause serious allergic reactions. Therefore, the focus of the work on the prevention and control of ragweed is to control the occurrence of the roadside ragweed. (3) the total occurrence area of Tribulus tribulatum in Qinhuangdao City is 20hm2, which is concentrated around the Jade Island scenic spot in Changli County, and has developed rapidly in recent years, and has formed a population advantage. There is a risk of spread. Although the occurrence area of Tribulus terrestris in Qinhuangdao is not very large and the distribution range is not very wide, the potential harm is enormous. The main habitat of Tribulus terrestris is sandy land, while the sandy land of Qinhuangdao City is mainly distributed along the beach, where vegetation is scarce, biodiversity is low, and once invaded by exotic plants, Will cause irreversible damage to the entire ecosystem, but also to the tourism industry in Qinhuangdao City. The purpose of this investigation is to provide reliable reference for the prevention and control of alien invasive plants in Qinhuangdao area.
【学位授予单位】：河北科技师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S45

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