高校学生用户探索式搜索行为研究

发布时间：2018-12-26 14:05

【摘要】：网络信息搜索是用户通过与各类搜索平台进行交互来满足信息需求或解决信息问题的重要行为方式,现已成为人们日常生活中不可或缺的一部分。随着信息需求层次的提升,用户面对的问题情境将越来越具有多面性、复杂性和动态性,仅仅利用搜索工具进行简单的“提问-应答”已不能使用户的信息需求得到最大化的满足,用户的搜索模式逐渐呈现出“探索式搜索”的趋势。目前,大学生用户依赖网络平台获取日常生活类和学术科研类信息的程度日渐加深,成为探索式信息搜索活动的主流群体,因此,探讨大学生用户的探索式搜索行为,对提升大学生搜索能力、优化搜索等方面显得尤为重要。研究采用视频分析法、问卷调查法和访谈法,以60名高校学生用户为受测对象,考察其在四种不同探索式搜索情境下的搜索行为表现和心理体验,这四种探索式搜索任务分别设定为制定计划搜索任务、知识获取搜索任务、社交搜索任务和评估决策搜索任务。基于搜索行为视频对用户探索式搜索过程中的查询关键行为和浏览关键行为进行分析,包括对查询式来源、查询词使用情况、查询重构行为、查询入口选择、浏览中断行为和信息偶遇行为的分析;基于调查问卷数据对用户搜索过程中的搜索心理体验进行分析,分析维度包括“搜索任务与个体认知”、“搜索过程的监控”、“搜索情感体验”和“搜索过程评价与反思”。研究得出的主要结论有:(1)探索式搜索关键行为方面:用户构造的查询式主要来源于归纳概括、任务词句输入、搜索联想词和划词搜索;用户的查询词变换丰富,随着搜索的深入延伸出诸多探索分支;搜索过程中有较多重构查询式的趋势,查询重构形式多样化;用户访问频率最高的初始查询入口是知识类搜索平台和综合类搜索平台,同时用户会频繁跳转于后续搜索平台之间;用户的浏览中断现象明显,导致浏览中断的主要因素有资源未激活、资源不易获取、网页结构不合理等;用户在搜索途中会经历信息偶遇,当用户访问多媒体信息资源、社交媒体资源、可视化信息资源时会增加信息偶遇的发生几率。(2)探索式搜索心理体验方面:用户对搜索任务和个体的认知、以及对搜索过程整体的监控均受任务情境的影响,用户在执行评估决策搜索任务和知识获取搜索任务时的“搜索任务与个体认知”明显优于制定计划搜索任务和社交搜索任务,用户在进行社交搜索时的整体监控体验最好,在执行知识获取搜索任务时的整体监控体验较差。此外,用户的搜索心理体验间存在着不同程度的关联,比如用户对搜索策略的认知,搜索的情感体验与对搜索过程的监控呈显著正相关,用户对个体能力的认知、对搜索任务的认知、对搜索策略的认知三者之间也有着密切的关联。
[Abstract]:Web information search is an important behavior for users to meet information needs or solve information problems by interacting with various search platforms. It has become an indispensable part of people's daily life. With the improvement of the level of information demand, the problem situation faced by users will be more and more multifaceted, complex and dynamic. Simply using search tools to carry out a simple "question-response" has not been able to maximize the information needs of users, and the search mode of users has gradually shown the trend of "exploratory search". At present, college students rely on the network platform to obtain the information of daily life and academic and scientific research, and become the mainstream group of exploratory information search activities. It is very important to improve college students' search ability and optimize search. Video analysis, questionnaire and interview were used to investigate the behavior and psychological experience of 60 college students. The four exploratory search tasks are set up as planning search task, knowledge acquisition search task, social search task and evaluation decision search task respectively. Based on search behavior video, this paper analyzes the key behavior of query and browsing in the process of user exploratory search, including query source, usage of query words, behavior of query refactoring, selection of query entry, etc. Analysis of interruption behavior and information accidental behavior; Based on the questionnaire data, this paper analyzes the psychological experience of the user in the process of searching. The dimensions of the analysis include "searching task and individual cognition", "monitoring the search process", "searching emotion experience" and "the evaluation and reflection of the search process". The main conclusions of the study are as follows: (1) the key behavior of exploratory search: the query style of user structure mainly comes from inductive generalization, task word input, search associative word and delimited word search; With the further extension of search, there are many branches of inquiry, and in the process of searching, there are many trends of reconstructing query, and the forms of query refactoring are diversified. The most frequent initial query entry is the knowledge class search platform and the comprehensive class search platform, and the users frequently jump between the subsequent search platforms. The phenomenon of user's browsing interruption is obvious. The main factors that lead to the interruption of browsing are the unactivation of resources, the difficulty of obtaining resources, the unreasonable structure of web pages, and so on. Users experience information encounters on the way to search, when users access multimedia information resources, social media resources, Visualization of information resources will increase the chance of information chance. (2) the psychological experience of exploratory search: the user's cognition of search task and individual, as well as the monitoring of the whole search process are all affected by the task situation. The "search task and individual cognition" of the user when performing the evaluation decision search task and the knowledge acquisition search task is obviously superior to the planning search task and the social search task, and the user has the best overall monitoring experience when conducting the social search. The overall monitoring experience when executing knowledge acquisition search task is poor. In addition, there are different correlations between the user's psychological experience of search, such as the user's cognition of the search strategy, the significant positive correlation between the search's emotional experience and the monitoring of the search process, and the user's cognition of the individual ability. There is a close relationship between the cognition of search task and the cognition of search strategy.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G252.7

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