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俄语简单句语义主体的功能化研究

发布时间:2018-12-16 21:24
【摘要】:语义主体的问题是当代俄语语言学研究中的一个重要问题,其重要性“在于它不仅仅涉及句子语义主体范畴本身,而且同句子的其它语义范畴(如述谓性特征)乃至与句子整个的语义结构都有着密切的联系。”[1]语义结构是句子的一个重要方面,而语义主体又是语义结构中一个重要的语义成素。“句子的主体是言语的对象,是由事物意义的名词化成素表示的述谓特征的持有者,即动作的发出者和状态的承受者。”[2]就是说语义主体对思想的表达和理解来说是极为重要的范畴。 “功能化”(функционирование)是功能语法领域的重要理论之一。语言的功能化是语言单位的功能化。“语言单位的功能化是语言类别、语言范畴、语言单位相互作用的功能化。”[3]语言转化为言语来进行交际是语言存在的最终目标,语言要转变成言语却要受到许多心理因素和社会因素的影响和制约,语言到达言语的这一过程就称作功能化。语义主体是句子语义结构的主要成素,做为语言单位,像各种语言单位一样,句子的语义结构在语言中可以发挥不同的功能,也就是说,可以在不同的言语条件下起到这种或者那种作用。目前国内外学者对语义主体问题的研究成果颇丰,本文在前人的研究基础上对主体的语义范畴进行详细划分,以功能语法领域的功能化理论作为指导思想,力求对语义主体进行系统、全面地描写,并阐述语义主体的功能语法描写对俄语教学的指导作用。 本论文共分五章。 第一章是绪论:包括语义主体问题的研究综述、本论文的研究目的及意义、论文的研究内容及研究方法。 第二章是理论基础:简述语言单位功能化理论。 第三章是主体语义范畴的描写:首先是语义主体概念的界定,接着是将语义主体划分为两个类型:零主体句的主体和有主体句的主体,最后是对语义主体的表达手段进行了详细的描写。 第四章是语义主体的功能化研究:在语义主体范畴类型划分的基础之上,以功能化理论为指导,进行语义主体功能化描写。这部分对零主体句中语义主体和有主体句中语义主体进行了功能化分析,主要从语义功能、修辞功能、情态功能和语用功能这四方面来描写,其中对零主体句中泛指主体进行了最为详尽的描写。 第五章是俄语简单句语义主体功能化研究对俄语教学的启示:将本论文的研究成果与教学实践相结合,希望能为俄语教学提供一些帮助。
[Abstract]:The problem of semantic subject is an important problem in contemporary Russian linguistics. Its importance lies in the fact that it not only involves the category of semantic subject of sentence itself. Moreover, it is closely related to other semantic categories (such as predicate characteristics) and even to the whole semantic structure of the sentence. "[1] semantic structure is an important aspect of the sentence. Semantic subject is an important semantic element in semantic structure. "the subject of a sentence is the object of speech, the holder of the declarative feature expressed by the noun of the meaning of the thing. That is, the issuer of the action and the receiver of the state. "[2]" [2] means that the semantic subject is an extremely important category for the expression and understanding of thought. Functionalization is one of the important theories in the field of functional grammar. The functionalization of language is the functionalization of language units. "the functionalization of linguistic units is the functionalization of language categories, linguistic categories, and the interaction of linguistic units." [3] the ultimate goal of language existence is to transform language into speech for communication. If language is to be transformed into speech, it is influenced and restricted by many psychological and social factors. The process of language reaching speech is called functionalization. Semantic subject is the main element of sentence semantic structure. As a language unit, like all kinds of language units, the semantic structure of sentence can play different functions in language, that is to say, It can play a role in one way or another under different verbal conditions. At present, scholars at home and abroad have done a lot of research on semantic subject. On the basis of previous researches, this paper divides the semantic category of subject in detail and takes the functionalization theory in the field of functional grammar as the guiding ideology. This paper tries to make a systematic and comprehensive description of the semantic subject, and expounds the guiding role of the functional grammar description of the semantic subject in Russian teaching. This thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter is the introduction: including the research review of semantic subject, the purpose and significance of this paper, the research content and research methods. The second chapter is the theoretical basis: a brief introduction to the theory of functionalization of language units. The third chapter is the description of the subject semantic category: first, the definition of the semantic subject, then the semantic subject is divided into two types: the subject of the zero subject sentence and the subject of the subject sentence. Finally, it describes the means of expression of semantic subject in detail. The fourth chapter is the functional study of semantic subject: on the basis of the classification of category of semantic subject, the functional description of semantic subject is carried out under the guidance of functionalization theory. This part makes a functional analysis of the semantic subject in the zero-subject sentence and the semantic subject in the subject sentence, mainly from four aspects: semantic function, rhetorical function, modal function and pragmatic function. Among them, the most detailed description is given to the general reference subject in the zero-subject sentence. The fifth chapter is the revelation to Russian teaching from the study of the semantic subject function of Russian simple sentences: combining the research results of this paper with the teaching practice, the author hopes to provide some help for Russian teaching.
【学位授予单位】:东北师范大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2011
【分类号】:H35

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