初中英语语法总结集 11500字
本文关键词：初中英语语法总结，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。
2 （比较级 and 比较级） 表示越来越怎么样
3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易） 4 agree with sb 赞成某人
5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样 6 all over the world = the whole world 整个 世界
7 along with同……一道，伴随…… eg : I will go along with you我将和你一起去
the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树
8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 9 as you can see 你是知道的
10 ask for ……求助 向…要…（直接接想要的东西） eg : ask you for my book
12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事
13 at the age of 在……岁时 eg：I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen
15 at the end of +地点/+时间 最后；尽头；末尾 eg : At the end of the day
16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候
17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句 感觉/对什么有信心，自信
eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test
18 be + doing 表：1 现在进行时 2 将来时
19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原） 能够…… eg : She is able to sing She can sing
20 be able to do sth 能够干什么 eg :she is able to sing
21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧，害怕…… eg : I'm afraed to go out at night I'm afraid of dog 22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么
eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视 I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视 23 be angry with sb 生某人的气 eg : Don't be angry with me
24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气
34 be famous for 以……著名 35 be friendly to sb 对某人友好
36 be from = come from 来自 eg ：He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing ?
37 be full of 装满……的 be filled with 充满 eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water 38 be glad+to+do/从句 39 be going to + v(原） 将来时
40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于……
41 be good for 对什么有好处 eg : Reading aloud is good for your English
42 be happy to do 很高兴做某事
43 be helpful to sb 对某人有好处
eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you 大声朗读对你有好处
Exercising is helpful to your bady 锻炼对你的身体有好处
44 be in good health 身体健康
45 be in trouble 处于困难中 eg : She is in trouble They are in tronble
47 be late for = come late to 迟到 eg: Be late for class 上课迟到
48 be like 像…… eg : I'm like my mother
49 be mad at 生某人的气
51 be made of 由……制成(制成以后还看得见原材料) 52 be not sure 表不确定
53 be on a visit to 参观 54 be popular with sb 受某人欢迎
55 be quiet 安静 56 be short for 表**的缩写 eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊杰
57 be sick in bed 生病在床 58 be sorry to do sth be sorry for sb eg : I am sorry for you
61 be strict in doing sth 严于做某事 eg : He's strict in obeying noles
62 be strict with sb 对某人要求严格 eg: Some students are not strict with them selves 这些学生对自己不严
63 be strict with sb in sth 某方面对某人严格 64 be supposed to do 被要求干什么
65 be sure 表确定 66 be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心 eg: He is sure of winning I am sure of learning English well
67 be sure of sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I'm sure of my head (my teacher 我相信我的大脑（老师）
68 be sure that sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I'm suer that he can pass the test 我相信他能通过考试
69 be sure to do sth一定会做某事eg: We are sure to pass the test 我们一定会通过这次考试 We are sure to learn English well 我们一定能学好英语
70 be terrified of + 名/动doing 害怕…… 71 be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事
72 be the same as … 和什么一样 73 be used to doing sth 习惯做某事
eg: My father is used to getting up early 我爸爸习惯早He is used to sleeping in class 他习惯上课睡觉 74 be worth doing 值得做什么 75 be(feel) afraid to do sth 害怕做某事be afraid of sth 害怕某物 be afraid that 丛句
76 because+句子 because of +短语
eg : He was late because he had a headache He was late because of his headache
77 begin to do = start to do 开始做某事 start…with…=begin…with… 以什么开始什么
eg : Let's begin the game with the song I begin to go home
78 between…and… 两者之间
79 borrow sth from sb 向……借…… lend sth to sb ( lend sb sth 借给……什么东西
eg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station
我十分道歉打扰你，但是你能告诉我怎么去车站
the problem has been bothering me for weeks 这个问题困扰了我几个周了
He's bothering me to lend him money
82 by the end of 到……为止 83 call sb sth eg : We call him old wang
84 care 关心 eg : Don't you care about this country's future ?你为什么不关心国家的未来
85 catch up with sb 赶上某人 86 chat with sb 和某人闲谈 take sb to + 地点 带某人去某地
87 come in 进88 come over to 过来
89 come up with 提出 eg: Can you come up with a good idea 你能想出一个好办法吗？
90 communicate with sb 和某人交流
91 consider + doing 考虑做什么 eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou 为什么不考虑去泸州？
99 each +名（单）每一个…eg : Each student has many books 每一个学生都有一些书 100 end up +doing 101 enjoy +doing喜欢 102 escape from 从……逃跑eg: The prisoners have escaped from the prison犯人从监狱里逃跑出来 103 expect to do sth 期待做某事 104 fall down 摔下来 fall off 从哪摔下来 105 fall in love with sb /sth 爱上什么
106 far from 离某地远 eg : The school is far from my home 107 find +it +adj +to do 发现做某事怎么样 114 get a part-time job= find a part-time job 115 get along well with sb = get on well with sb 与某人相处得好
116 get along with sb = get on with sb 与某人相处 117 get ready for = be ready for为什么而准备eg : I get ready for math I am ready for math 118 get sb in to trouble 给某人麻119 get sb to do sth
120 get…from… 从某处得到某物 121 give a talk 做报告 eg: He is give a tall
122 give sth to sb give sb sth 给某人某物 123 go fish 钓鱼 go swimming 游泳
124 go on to do 去做下一件事 go on doing 继续做这件事 125 go out away from go out of
126 go to school 上学（用于专业的）go to the school 去学校（不一定是上学） 127 good way to 好方法 128 hate to do 讨厌没做过的事 hate doing 讨厌做过的事
129 have a party for sb 举办谁的晚会 130 have a talk 听报告 谈一谈
131 have been doing 现在完成进行时 eg : You have been talking You have been sleeping since
132 have been to …( 地方）……去过某过地方 have gone to …（地方） 去了某地还没回来
133 have fun +doing 玩得高兴 134 have sth to do 有什么事要做
eg: I have a lot of homework to do 我有很多家庭作业要做 I have nothing to do 我没什么事情做
135 have to do sth 必须做某事
136 have trouble (problem) (in) doing sth 做什么事情有麻烦
137 have…time +doing
138 have…(时间)…off 放……假 eg: I have month off 我请一个月得假
139 hear sb +do/doing 听见某人做某事/正在做某事
140 help a lot 很大用处
141 help sb with sth \one's sth 帮助某人某事（某方面） help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事
142 hope to do sth 希望做某事
143 How about(+doing) = What about(+doing)
eg: I'll go to LuZhou if it does't rain 假如明天不下雨，我就去泸州
If they change the plan they will let me know 假如他们要改变计划，他们会让我知道的
I'll go to England ,if I have enough money next year 如果我明年由足够的钱，我就要去英国
147 in one's opinion = sb think 某人认为
148 in some ways 在某些方面
149 in the end = finally(adv) 最后
150 in the north of… 什么在什么的北方 （north 北 sowth 南 west 西 east 东 ）
151 in the sun 在太阳下
152 increase 增加
eg : They've increased the prece of petrol by 3% 他们把石油价增加了3%
the population has increased from 12 million ten years ago to 18 million now
153 instead of +（名 ） 代替
eg: I'd like an apple instead of a pear 我想要苹果，而不要梨子
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语法项目 构 成 用 法 象 征 词 规则变化 不规则变化 例 句 一般现在时 动词用原形
三人称单数-s / es 表示经常性的
动作或状态 Every often always on 天 in月、季、节、年。 一般-s –es 辅音＋y---ies have----has
He goes to school every day.
I often have lunch at home.
一般过去时 动词用过去时
Be—was/ were 表过去某个、段时间内动作及状态 ago/just now /In1998 last/yesterday 等 一般/去e 双写/辅＋y结尾－ied go-went come-came do-did leave-left等 He wrote a letter yesterday.
I studied hard last year.
一般将来时 be going to＋V原
will / shall + V原 在将来某个时间或
某段时要做的事 tomorrow / after
next / tonight in 20xx
Go come leave stay
fly等用进行表将来 Are you going to read ?
He is coming tomorrow .
现在进行时 be＋doing 表此时此刻正进行的动作或状态 listen look now all the time Don’t… 一般去e 双写
+ing tie die lie –
变ie为y加ing Tom is writing now .
They are lying on the bed .
现在完成时
现在完成进行 have / has +PP
have/has been+doing 发生在过去影响在现在的动作或状态等 含糊的频率副词 already just never ever 分词规则的同过去式是一样的 不规则的动词的过去分词需逐个记忆 I have been teaching for 8 years.
He has slept for two days.
.过去进行时 was / were +doing
多用于复合句中 表在过去某时间正在进行的动作 at this time yesterday last Sunday evening 一般去e 双写
+ing tie die lie –
变ie为y加ing He was reading at that time
last Friday
过去完成时 had+动过去分词
多用于复合句中 该动作发生在过去的过去 by the time＋过去时
when after before 规则的分词构成与过去时一样的 需要逐个记忆
详见不规则动词表 We had learnt 20xx words
by the end of last year.
过去将来时 would + V 原形
多用宾语从句中 过去看来将要发生的动作或状态 He said that he… the next day . He said that he would come here the next day .
比较级形式
形容副词名词 后--er 前加more
名词比较用more 表示两个人、物
之间进行比较时 than /much/ a little
far / in the two 等 一般/去e 双写/辅＋y结尾－ier good/well —better much/many—more She is the tall in the two.
He runs faster than Tom .
最高级形式
形容副词名词 后-est 前加most
名词比较用most 大于等于三个人、物之间进行比较 in the ＋比较范围 of the 具体的数字 一般/去e 双写/辅＋y结尾－iest bad/ill/badly-worst far-farther-farthest She is the most beautiful
in her class.(最高级加the)
动词不定式
to do没有人称和数的变化 作主语
To read is helpful for anybody now . 作宾语
He wants to buy a dictionary. 作宾补
I hear him sing yesterday
Tom told me to open it. 作表语
His job is to take care of children . 作状语
He’ll go to see a doctor tomorrow . 作定语
He has much homework
to do every day .
主从复合句 状语从句
句子作状语 （时间地点原因条件让步比较）
He was writing a letter when I came in。 宾语从句
句子作宾语（语序、时态、引导词、客观事实）
He asked me if I had been to Beijing before. 定语从句
句子作定语（修饰名词或代词的句子、注意先行词）
I saw the man who was stealing my bike yesterday
主动结构
与
被动结构
主动语态：主语（人、物）+ 谓语 + 宾语
动作执行者 + 及物动词 + 动作承受者
被动语态：主语（人、物）+be PP + by宾语
动作承受者 + be PP + by动作执行者
在被动语态中没有可以省to 的不定式 We speak English .
主语 谓语 宾语
English is spoken by us
宾改主 谓语动词 be PP 主by 宾 主动变被动，先找主、谓、宾，宾改主、主by宾，代词变格要细心，谓语动词be pp,时态随主、数随被
PP 是及物动词的过去分词加ed 或不规则详见表
被动句的时态（be）随主动句的时态（do）人称和数应随被动句的主语(am、is、are、was、were等 )
语法项目 构 成 用 法 象 征 词 规则变化 不规则变化 例 句 一般现在时 动词用原形
三人称单数-s / es 表示经常性的
动作或状态 Every often always on 天 in月、季、节、年。 一般-s –es 辅音＋y---ies have----has
He goes to school every day.
I often have lunch at home.
一般过去时 动词用过去时
Be—was/ were 表过去某个、段时间内动作及状态 ago/just now /In1998 last/yesterday 等 一般/去e 双写/辅＋y结尾－ied go-went come-came do-did leave-left等 He wrote a letter yesterday.
I studied hard last year.
一般将来时 be going to＋V原
will / shall + V原 在将来某个时间或
某段时要做的事 tomorrow / after
next / tonight in 20xx
Go come leave stay
fly等用进行表将来 Are you going to read ?
He is coming tomorrow .
现在进行时 be＋doing 表此时此刻正进行的动作或状态 listen look now all the time Don’t… 一般去e 双写
+ing tie die lie –
变ie为y加ing Tom is writing now .
They are lying on the bed .
现在完成时
现在完成进行 have / has +PP
have/has been+doing 发生在过去影响在现在的动作或状态等 含糊的频率副词 already just never ever 分词规则的同过去式是一样的 不规则的动词的过去分词需逐个记忆 I have been teaching for 8 years.
He has slept for two days.
.过去进行时 was / were +doing
多用于复合句中 表在过去某时间正在进行的动作 at this time yesterday
last Sunday evening 一般去e 双写
+ing tie die lie –
变ie为y加ing He was reading at that time
last Friday
过去完成时 had+动过去分词
多用于复合句中 该动作发生在过去的过去 by the time＋过去时
when after before 规则的分词构成与过去时一样的 需要逐个记忆
详见不规则动词表 We had learnt 20xx words
by the end of last year.
过去将来时 would + V 原形
多用宾语从句中 过去看来将要发生的动作或状态 He said that he… the next day . He said that he would come here the next day .
比较级形式
形容副词名词 后--er 前加more
名词比较用more 表示两个人、物
之间进行比较时 than /much/ a little
far / in the two 等 一般/去e 双写/辅＋y结尾－ier good/well —better much/many—more She is the tall in the two.
He runs faster than Tom .
最高级形式
形容副词名词 后-est 前加most
名词比较用most 大于等于三个人、物之间进行比较 in the ＋比较范围 of the 具体的数字 一般/去e 双写/辅＋y结尾－iest bad/ill/badly-worst far-farther-farthest She is the most beautiful
in her class.(最高级加the)
动词不定式
to do没有人称和数的变化 作主语
To read is helpful for anybody now . 作宾语
He wants to buy a dictionary. 作宾补
I hear him sing yesterday
Tom told me to open it. 作表语
His job is to take care of children . 作状语
He’ll go to see a doctor tomorrow . 作定语
He has much homework
to do every day .
主从复合句 状语从句
句子作状语 （时间地点原因条件让步比较）
He was writing a letter when I came in。 宾语从句
句子作宾语（语序、时态、引导词、客观事实）
He asked me if I had been to Beijing before. 定语从句
句子作定语（修饰名词或代词的句子、注意先行词）
I saw the man who was stealing my bike yesterday
主动结构
与
被动结构
主动语态：主语（人、物）+ 谓语 + 宾语
动作执行者 + 及物动词 + 动作承受者
被动语态：主语（人、物）+be PP + by宾语
动作承受者 + be PP + by动作执行者
在被动语态中没有可以省to 的不定式 We speak English . 主语 谓语 宾语
English is spoken by us
宾改主 谓语动词 be PP 主by 宾 主动变被动，先找主、谓、宾，宾改主、主by宾，代词变格要细心，谓语动词be pp,时态随主、数随被
PP 是及物动词的过去分词加ed 或不规则详见表
被动句的时态（be）随主动句的时态（do）人称和数应随被动句的主语(am、is、are、was、were等 )
第二篇：初中英语语法总结 6200字
初中英语语法总结（1）
1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、 look at(感官动
词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump
2 （比较级+ and +比较级） 表示“越来越……”
3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易）
4 agree with sb 赞成某人
5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样
6 all over the world = the whole world 整个世界
7 along with同……一道， eg : the studentsplanted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树
8 As soon as 一……就……
9 as you can see 你是知道的
10 ask for ……求助 向…要…（直接接想要的东西） eg : ask you for my book
11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么
12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事
13 at the age of 在……岁时 eg：I am sixteen= I am at the age of sixteen
14 at the beginning of …… ……的起初；……的开始
15 at the end of +地点/+时间 最后；尽头；末尾 eg: At the end of the day
16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候
初中英语语法总结（2）
17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句 感觉/对什么有信心，自
信 eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English. I feel that I can pass the test
18 be + doing 表：1 现在进行时 2 将来时
19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原） 能够…… eg : She is able to sing= She can sing 20 be able to do sth 能够干什么 eg :she is able to sing
21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧，害怕…… eg : I'm afraid to go out at night. I'm afraid of dog 22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么 eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视 I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视
23 be angry with sb 生某人的气 eg : Don't be angry with me
24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为了……而生某人的气
25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样 eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高
26 be ashamed to 不好意思…
27 be away from 远离
28 be away from 从……离开
29 be bad for 对什么有害 eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好
30 be born 出生于
B．情感型使动词：
情感型使动词表示客观事物使人产生情感上的变化，可以分为下列概念：（1）惊讶（surprise）；（2）高兴（delight）；（3）恼怒（irritation）；（4）烦扰（trouble）；（5）兴趣（interest）；（6）激动（excitement）；
（7）迷惑（bewilderment）；（8）坚信（ conviction）；（ 9）恐吓（fright）；（10）厌倦（tiredness）和（11）愤怒（anger）。这类动词用于被动语态时，要注意前置词的用法。分述如下：
（1）惊讶：
表示“惊讶”概念的情感型使动词，主要有surprise，astonish，astound，amaze，startle，stun，dumbfound，shock等，例如：
78）a．The taste surprised him，it was not as he'd imagined．
b．The taste made him surprised，，it was not as he'd imagined．
c．He was surprised by the taste，it was not as he'd imagined．
（这味道使他大出意外，那完全不是他原先想的那样。）
79）a．The news astonished everybody．
b．The news made everybody astonished．
c．Everybody was astonished at the news．
（这个消息使大家感到惊奇。）
80）a．Sherlock Holmes astounded Dr Watson with his accurate analysis．
b．Sherlock Holmes made Dr Watson astounded with his accurate analysis．
c．Dr Watson was astounded by Sherlock Holmes with his accurate analysis．
（夏洛克·福尔摩斯精确的分析使华生医生感到惊奇。）
81）a．Their performance amazed me．
b．I was amazed at／by their performance．
（他们的演出使我惊奇。）
82）a．The explosion startled me out of my sleep．
b．I was startled out of my sleep by the explosion．
（爆炸声使我从睡梦中惊醒。）
83）a．The unfairness of their judgment stunned me．
b．I was stunned by the unfairness of their judgment．
（他们判决的不公正使我为之震惊。）
84）a．The strange news completely dumb-founded me．
b．I was completely dumbfounded at／by the strange news．
（这个奇怪的消息完全把我惊呆了。）
85）a．The news of her death greatly shocked me．
b．I was greatly shocked at the news of her death．
（她的死讯使我大为震惊。）
46 be interested in 对某方面感兴趣
47 be late for = come late to 迟到 eg: Be late for class 上课迟到
48 be like 像…… eg : I'm like my mother
49 be mad at 生某人的气
50 be made from 由……制成(制成以后看不见原材料)
51 be made of 由……制成(制成以后还看得见原材料)
52 be not sure 表不确定
53 be on a visit to 参观
54 be popular with sb 受某人欢迎
55 be quiet 安静
56 be short for 是…的缩写 eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊杰
57 be sick in bed 生病在床
58 be sorry to do sth / be sorry for sb. eg : I am sorry for you 很遗憾做…/ 对某人感到抱歉 59 be sorry to hear that 很遗憾听到…
60 be sorry to trouble sb eg : I am sorry to trouble you 很抱歉打扰某人
初中英语语法总结（7）
61 be strict in doing sth 严于做某事 eg : He's strict in obeying rules
62 be strict with sb 对某人要求严格 eg: Some students aren’t strict with themselves 这些学生对自己不严格
63 be strict with sb in sth 某方面对某人严格
64 be supposed to do 被要求干……
65 be sure 表确定
66 be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心 eg: He is sure of winning I am sure of learning English well 67 be sure of sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I'm sure of my head (my teacher) 我相信我的大脑（老师） 68 be sure that sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I'm sure that he can pass the test 我相信他能通过考试 69 be sure to do sth一定会做某事eg: We are sure to pass the test 我们一定会通过这次考试We are sure to learn English well 我们一定能学好英语
70 be terrified of + 名/动doing 害怕……
71 be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事
72 be the same as … 和……一样
73 be used to doing sth 习惯做某事 eg: My father is used to getting up early 我爸爸习惯早He is used to sleeping in class 他习惯上课睡觉
74 be worth doing 值得做……
75 be(feel) afraid to do sth 害怕做某事
be afraid of sth 害怕某物
be afraid that 从句
初中英语语法总结（8）
76 because+句子 because of +短语 eg : He was late because he had a headache.
= He was late because of his headache
77 begin to do = start to do 开始做某事start…with…=begin…with… 以……开
始…… eg : Let's begin the game with the song I begin to go home
78 between…and… 两者之间
79 borrow sth from sb 向……借…… lend sth to sb ( lend sb sth 借给某人某东西 eg : I
borrowed a pen from him he lent a pen to me ( he lent me a pen
80 both = the same(as) = not different(from) 表相同
81 bother 打扰 bother sb to do sth eg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station 我十分道歉打扰你，但是你能告诉我怎么去车站 the problem has been bothering me for weeks 这个问题困扰了我几个周了 He's bothering me to lend him money
82 by the end of 到……为止
83 call sb sth eg: We call him old Wang
84 care 关心 eg : Don't you care about this country's future? 你为什么不关心国家的未来 85 catch up with sb 赶上某人
初中英语语法总结（10）
101 enjoy doing sth。喜欢做某事
102 escape from 从……逃跑eg: The prisoners have escaped from the prison犯人从监狱里逃跑出来 103 expect to do sth 期待做某事
104 fall down 摔下来 fall off 从……摔下来
105 fall in love with sb /sth 爱上……
106 far from 离某地远 eg : The school is far from my home
107 find +it +adj +to do 发现做某事怎么样
108 find sb/sth +adj 发现什么怎么样 eg : I find the book interesting
109 finish 完成+doing（名词）
110 fit to sb = be fit for sb 适合某人
111 forget to do 没有做而忘了 forget doing 做了而又忘了 eg: Don't forget to go home I forget closing door
112 from…to… 从某某到某某 eg: From me for her
113 get /have sth down 做完，被（别人）做…eg: I have my hair cut 我理了发 (头发被剪了）Tom got his bad tooth pulled out 汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了（被牙医拔掉了）
114 get a part-time job= find a part-time job
115 get along well with sb = get on well with sb 与某人相处得好
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初中英语语法总结（1）
1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、 look at (感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump
2 （比较级 and 比较级）表示越来越怎么样
3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易）
4 agree with sb 赞成某人
5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样
6 all over the world = the whole world 整个 世界
7 along with同??一道，伴随?? eg : the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树
8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样
9 as you can see 你是知道的
10 ask for ??求助 向?要?（直接接想要的东西） eg : ask you for my book
11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么
12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事
13 at the age of 在??岁时 eg：I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen
14 at the beginning of ?? ??的起初；??的开始
15 at the end of +地点/+时间 最后；尽头；末尾 eg : At the end of the day
16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候
初中英语语法总结（2）
17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句 感觉/对什么有信心，自信 eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test
18 be + doing 表：1 现在进行时 2 将来时
19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原） 能够?? eg : She is able to sing She can sing
20 be able to do sth 能够干什么 eg :she is able to sing
21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧，害怕?? eg : I'm afraed to go out at night I'm afraid of dog
22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么 eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视 I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视
23 be angry with sb 生某人的气 eg : Don't be angry with me
24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气
25 be as?原级?as 和什么一样 eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高 26 be ashamed to 不好意思?
27 be away from 远离
28 be away from 从??离开
29 be bad for 对什么有害 eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好
30 be born 出生于
初中英语语法总结（3）
B．情感型使动词：
情感型使动词表示客观事物使人产生情感上的变化，可以分为下列概念：（1）惊讶（surprise）；（2）高兴（delight）；（3）恼怒（irritation）；（4）烦扰（trouble）；（5）兴趣（interest）；（6）激动（excitement）；（7）迷惑（bewilderment）；（8）坚信（ conviction）；（ 9）恐吓（fright）；
（10）厌倦（tiredness）和（ll）愤怒（anger）。这类动词用于被动语态时，要注意前置词的用法。分述如下：
（1）惊讶：
表示“惊讶”概念的情感型使动词，主要有surprise，astonish，astound，amaze，startle，stun，dumbfound，shock等，例如：
78）a．The taste surprised him，it was not as he'd imagined． b．The taste made him surprised，it was not as he'd imagined． c．He was surprised by the taste，it was not as he'd imagined． （这味道使他大出意外，那完全不是他原先想的那样。）
79）a．The news astonished everybody．
b．The news made everybody astonished．
c．Everybody was astonished at the news．
（这个消息使大家感到惊奇。）
80）a．Sherlock Holmes astounded Dr Watson with his accurate analysis．
b．Sherlock Holmes made Dr Watson astounded with his accurate analysis． c．Dr Watson was astounded by Sherlock Holmes with his accurate analysis． （夏洛克·福尔摩斯精确的分析使华生医生感到惊奇。）
81）a．Their performance amazed me．
b．I was amazed at／by their performance．
（他们的演出使我惊奇。）
82）a．The explosion startled me out of my sleep．
b．I was startled out of my sleep by the explosion．
（爆炸声使我从睡梦中惊醒。）
83）a．The unfairness of their judgment stunned me．
b．I was stunned by the unfairness of their judgment．
（他们判决的不公正使我为之震惊。）
84）a．The strange news completely dumb-founded me．
b．I was completely dumbfounded at／by the strange news．
（这个奇怪的消息完全把我惊呆了。）
85）a．The news of her death greatly shocked me．
b．I was greatly shocked at the news of her death．
（她的死讯使我大为震惊。）
初中英语语法总结（4）
B．情感型使动词：(2)
（2）高兴：
表示“高兴”概念的情感型使动词，主要有delight，please，statisfy，amuse等，例如：
86） a．Her singing delighted us．
b．Her singing made us delighted．
c．We were delighted at her singing．
（她的歌声使我们欢乐。）
87） a．His work pleased me．
b．His work made me pleased．
c．I was pleased with his work．
（他的工作使我高兴。）
88） a．The result completely satisfied most of the people．
b．Most of the people were completely satisfied with the result． （这个结果使大多数人完全满意。）
89） a．The old man's jokes amused the children．
b．The children were amused at／by the old man's jokes．
（老人讲的笑话逗得孩子们都笑起来。）
（3）恼怒：
表示“恼怒”概念的情感型使动词，主要有annoy， irritate，vex，displease等，例如：
90） a． What he said annoyed me．
b．What be said made me annoyed．
c．I was annoyed by what he said．
（他的话使我恼怒。）
91） a． His delay irritated us．
b．His delay made us irritated．
c．We were irritated by his delay．
（他的拖延激怒了我们。）
92） a．The boy's bad behaviour vexed his mother．
b．The boy's mother was vexed by his bad behaviour．
（这男孩子的恶劣行为使他母亲生气。）
93） a．Her levity displeased him．
b． He was displeased at／with her levity．
（她的轻浮使他感到不快。）
初中英语语法总结（5）
46 be interested in 对某方面感兴趣
47 be late for = come late to 迟到 eg: Be late for class 上课迟到 48 be like 像?? eg : I'm like my mother
49 be mad at 生某人的气
50 be made from 由??制成(制成以后看不见原材料)
51 be made of 由??制成(制成以后还看得见原材料)
52 be not sure 表不确定
53 be on a visit to 参观
54 be popular with sb 受某人欢迎
55 be quiet 安静
56 be short for 是?的缩写 eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊杰
57 be sick in bed 生病在床
58 be sorry to do sth / be sorry for sb eg : I am sorry for you 很遗憾做?/ 对某人感到抱歉
59 be sorry to hear that 很遗憾听到?
60 be sorry to trouble sb eg : I am sorry to trouble you 很抱歉打扰某人
初中英语语法总结（6）
61 be strict in doing sth 严于做某事 eg : He's strict in obeying noles 62 be strict with sb 对某人要求严格 eg: Some students are not strict with them selves 这些学生对自己不严格
63 be strict with sb in sth 某方面对某人严格
64 be supposed to do 被要求干什么
65 be sure 表确定
66 be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心 eg: He is sure of winning I am sure of learning English well
67 be sure of sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I'm sure of my head (my teacher 我相信我的大脑（老师）
68 be sure that sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I'm suer that he can pass the test 我相信他能通过考试
69 be sure to do sth一定会做某事eg: We are sure to pass the test 我们一定会通过这次考试 We are sure to learn English well 我们一定能学好英语
70 be terrified of + 名/动doing 害怕??
71 be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事
72 be the same as ? 和什么一样
73 be used to doing sth 习惯做某事 eg: My father is used to getting up early 我爸爸习惯早He is used to sleeping in class 他习惯上课睡觉 74 be worth doing 值得做什么
75 be(feel) afraid to do sth 害怕做某事be afraid of sth 害怕某物 be afraid that 丛句
第二篇：初中英语语法总结 6000字
【初中英语语法总结】
【1 一般现在时的用法 】
1） 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。时间状语（提示词）： every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday。例如：
I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。
2） 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。例如：
The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。
Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。
3） 表示格言或警句。例如：
Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。
注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
例：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。
4） 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。例如：
I don't want so much. 我不要那么多。
Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英语写得不错，讲的可不行。
比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。
I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功课。
第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。
【2 一般过去时的用法 】
1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：时间状语（提示词）有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。例如：
Where did you go just now? 刚才你上哪儿去了？
2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。例如：
When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 我是个孩子的时候，常在马路上踢足球。
Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.
那时，布朗一家无论什么时候去，都受到热烈欢迎。
3）句型：It is time for sb. to do sth "到……时间了" "该……了"。例如：It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。 It is time that sb. did sth. "时间已迟了" "早该……了" ，例如It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。
would （had） rather sb. did sth. 表示'宁愿某人做某事'。例如：I'd rather you came tomorrow.还是明天来吧。
4） wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等，而一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。例如：I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。
比较：Christine was an invalid all her life.（含义：她已不在人间。）
Christine has been an invalid all her life.（含义：她现在还活着）
Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. （含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。）
Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. （含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去） 注意： 用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。
1）动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。例如：
Did you want anything else? 您还要些什么吗？
I wondered if you could help me. 能不能帮我一下。
2）情态动词 could, would。例如：
Could you lend me your bike? 你的自行车，能借用一些吗？
【3 used to / be used to 】
used to + do："过去常常"表示过去习惯性的动作或状态，但如今已不存在。例如：
Mother used not to be so forgetful. 老妈过去没那么健忘。
Scarf used to take a walk. 斯卡夫过去常常散步。
be used to + doing： 对……已感到习惯，或"习惯于"，to是介词，后需加名词或动名词。例如： He is used to a vegetarian diet.
Scarf is used to taking a walk. 斯卡夫现在已习惯于散步了。
典型例题
---- Your phone number again? I ___ quite catch it.
---- It's 69568442.
A. didn't B. couldn't C. don't D. can't
答案A. 本句虽没有明确的时间状语，但从语意上看出，在听的时候没有听懂这个动作发生在过去，因此应用过去时。
【4 一般将来时】
1） shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。例如： Which paragraph shall I read first？ 我先读哪一段呢？
Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七点回家好吗？
2） be going to +不定式，表示将来。
a. 主语的意图，即将做某事。例如：What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢？
b. 计划，安排要发生的事。例如：The play is going to be produced next month。这出戏下月开播。 c. 有迹象要发生的事。例如：Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那乌云，快要下雨了。
3） be +不定式表将来，（be to do ）按计划或正式安排将发生的事。例如：
We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我们下星期六讨论这份报告。
4） be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。例如： He is about to leave for Beijing. 他马上要去北京。
注意：be about to do 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。
【5 be going to / will 用于条件句时，be going to表将来,will表意愿。】
例如：
If you are going to make a journey, you'd better get ready for it as soon as possible.
Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.
【6 be to和be going to】
be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事，be going to 表示主观的打算或计划。例如：
I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我去踢球。（客观安排）
I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我想去踢球。（主观安排）
【7 一般现在时表将来 】
1）下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时可以表示将来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。例如：
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。
When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 汽车什么时候开？十分钟后。
2）以here, there等开始的倒装句，表示动作正在进行。例如：
Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. 车来了。
There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 铃响了。
3）在时间或条件句中。例如：
When Bill comes （不是will come）, ask him to wait for me. 比尔来后，让他等我。
I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里，就写信给你。
4）在动词hope, take care that, make sure that等的宾语从句中。例如：
I hope they have a nice time next week. 我希望他们下星期玩得开心。
Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room. 离开房间前，务必把窗户关了。
【8 用现在进行时表示将来 】
下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等现在进行时可以表示将来。例如：
I'm leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。
Are you staying here till next week? 你会在这儿呆到下周吗？
【9 现在完成时 】
现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的影响现在还存在；也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。其构成：have （has） +过去分词。
【10 比较一般过去时与现在完成时】
1）一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。
2）一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。
一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now等，皆为具体的时间状语。 现在完成时的时间状语：for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in past years, always等，皆不确定的时间状语。
共同的时间状语：this morning, tonight, this April, now, already, recently, lately 等。
3）现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.。
4）一般过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等
例如：
I saw this film yesterday. （强调看的动作发生过了）
I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了）
Why did you get up so early? （强调起床的动作已发生过了）
Who hasn't handed in his paper? （强调有卷子未交，疑为不公平竞争）
He has been in the League for three years. （在团内的状态可延续）
He has been a League member for three years. （是团员的状态可持续）
5）句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如yesterday, last, week, in 1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。 （错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. （对）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
【12. since的四种用法】
1） since +过去一个时间点（如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past six）。例如： I have been here since 1989. 1989起，我一直在这儿。
2） since +一段时间+ ago。例如：
I have been here since five months ago. 我在这儿，已经有五个月了。
3） since +从句。例如：
Great changes have taken place since you left. 你走后，变化可大了。
Great changes have taken place since we were here. 我们走后，变化可大了。
4） It is +一段时间+ since从句。例如：
It is two years since I became a postgraduate student. 我考上研究生有两年了。
【13. 延续动词与瞬间动词】
用于till / until从句的差异 （背句型）
延续动词用于肯定句，表示"做……直到……" 瞬间动词用于否定句，表示"到……，才……"。例如： He didn't come back until ten o'clock. 他到10 点才回来。 （not .....until 句型）
He slept until ten o'clock. 他一直睡到10点。
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初中英语语法总结_中考必备（15200字）
初中英语语法总结---中考必备
1.(see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、 look at (感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump
2.（比较级 and 比较级） 表示越来越怎么样
3. a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易）
4. agree with sb 赞成某人
5. all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样
6. all over the world = the whole world 整个 世界
7. along with同……一道，伴随…… eg : I will go along with you我将和你一起去
the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树
8. As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样
9 as you can see 你是知道的
10. ask for ……求助 向…要…（直接接想要的东西） eg : ask you for my book
11. ask sb for sth 向某人什么
12. ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事
13. at the age of 在……岁时 eg：I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen
14 .at the beginning of …… ……的起初；……的开始
15. at the end of +地点/+时间 最后；尽头；末尾 eg : At the end of the day
16. at this time of year 在每年的这个时候
17. be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句 感觉/对什么有信心，自信
eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test
18. be + doing 表：1 现在进行时 2 将来时
19. be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原） 能够…… eg : She is able to sing She can sing
20. be able to do sth 能够干什么 eg :she is able to sing
21. be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧，害怕…… eg : I'm afraed to go out at night I'm afraid of dog
22. be allowed to do 被允许做什么
eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视 I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视
23. be angry with sb 生某人的气 eg : Don't be angry with me
24. be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气
25. be as…原级…as 和什么一样 eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高
26. be ashamed to 对什么感到羞耻
27 be away from 远离
28 be away from 从……离开
29. be bad for 对什么有害 eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好
30. be born 出生于
31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事 be busy with sth 忙于……
32. be careful 当心；小心
33 be different from…… 和什么不一样
34. be famous for 以……著名
35 be friendly to sb 对某人友好
36 .be from = come from 来自 eg ：He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing ?
37. be full of 装满……的 be filled with 充满 eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water
38. be glad+to+do/从句 39 be going to + v(原） 将来时
40. be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于……
41. be good for 对什么有好处 eg : Reading aloud is good for your English
42 .be happy to do 很高兴做某事
43. be helpful to sb 对某人有好处 eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you 大声朗读对你有好处
Exercising is helpful to your bady 锻炼对你的身体有好处
44. be in good health 身体健康
45. be in trouble 处于困难中 eg : She is in trouble They are in tronble
46 .be interested in 对某方面感兴趣
47. be late for = come late to 迟到 eg: Be late for class 上课迟到
48 .be like 像…… eg : I'm like my mother
49 .be mad at 生某人的气
50. be made from 由……制成(制成以后看不见原材料)
51 .be made of 由……制成(制成以后还看得见原材料) 52 be not sure 表不确定
53. be on a visit to 参观 54 be popular with sb 受某人欢迎
55. be quiet 安静 56 be short for 表**的缩写 eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊杰
57. be sick in bed 生病在床 58 be sorry to do sth be sorry for sb eg : I am sorry for you
59. be sorry to hear that 60 be sorry to trouble sb eg : I am sorry to trouble you
61 .be strict in doing sth 严于做某事 eg : He's strict in obeying noles
62 .be strict with sb 对某人要求严格 eg: Some students are not strict with them selves 这些学生对自己不严格
63. be strict with sb in sth 某方面对某人严格 64 be supposed to do 被要求干什么
65. be sure 表确定 66 be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心 eg: He is sure of winning I am sure of learning English well
67 .be sure of sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I'm sure of my head (my teacher 我相信我的大脑（老师）
68. be sure that sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I'm suer that he can pass the test 我相信他能通过考试
69 be sure to do sth一定会做某事eg: We are sure to pass the test 我们一定会通过这次考试 We are sure to learn English well 我们一定能学好英语
70. be terrified of + 名/动doing 害怕…… 71 be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事
72 .be the same as … 和什么一样 73 be used to doing sth 习惯做某事
eg: My father is used to getting up early 我爸爸习惯早He is used to sleeping in class 他习惯上课睡觉
74. be worth doing 值得做什么
75. be(feel) afraid to do sth 害怕做某事be afraid of sth 害怕某物 be afraid that 丛句
76. because+句子 because of +短语
eg : He was late because he had a headache He was late because of his headache
77. begin to do = start to do 开始做某事 start…with…=begin…with… 以什么开始什么
eg : Let's begin the game with the song I begin to go home
78. between…and… 两者之间
79. borrow sth from sb 向……借…… lend sth to sb ( lend sb sth 借给……什么东西
eg : I borrowed a pen from him he lent a pen to me ( he lent me a pen
80. both = the same(as) = not different(from) 表相同
81. bother 打扰 bother sb to do sth
eg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station
我十分道歉打扰你，但是你能告诉我怎么去车站
the problem has been bothering me for weeks 这个问题困扰了我几个周了
He's bothering me to lend him money
82. by the end of 到……为止 83 call sb sth eg : We call him old wang
84. care 关心 eg : Don't you care about this country's future ?你为什么不关心国家的未来
85. catch up with sb 赶上某人 86 chat with sb 和某人闲谈 take sb to + 地点 带某人去某地
87. come in 进88 come over to 过来
89 .come up with 提出 eg: Can you come up with a good idea 你能想出一个好办法吗？
90. communicate with sb 和某人交流
91. consider + doing 考虑做什么 eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou 为什么不考虑去泸州？
92. dance to 随着……跳舞 eg : She likes dancing to the music 她喜欢随着音乐跳舞
93 .decide to do sth 决定做某事 94 do a survey of 做某方面的调查 95 do better in 在……方面做得更好
96. do wrong 做错 97 Don't forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事 98 Don't mind +doing /从句 /名词 不要介意……
99 .each +名（单）每一个…eg : Each student has many books 每一个学生都有一些书.
100 .end up +doing 101 enjoy +doing喜欢 102 escape from 从……逃跑eg: The prisoners have escaped from the prison犯人从监狱里逃跑出来 103 .expect to do sth 期待做某事
104 .fall down 摔下来 fall off 从哪摔下来 105. fall in love with sb /sth 爱上什么
106. far from 离某地远 eg : The school is far from my home 107 find +it +adj +to do 发现做某事怎么样
108. find sb/sth +adj 发现什么怎么样 eg : I find the book interesting 109 finish 完成+doing（名词）
110. fit to sb = be fit for sb 适合某人 111 forget to do 没有做而忘了 forget doing 做了而又忘了 eg: Don't forget to go home I forget closing door 112 from…to… 从某某到某某 eg: From me for her
113. get /have sth down 做完，被（别人）做…eg: I have my hair cut 我理了发(头发被剪了）
Tom got his bad tooth pulled out 汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了（被牙医拔掉了）
114 .get a part-time job= find a part-time job 115 get along well with sb = get on well with sb 与某人相处得好
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初中英语语法总结（从句）
从句分为定语从句，状语从句和名词从句三大类。定语从句又分为限定性和非限定性从句两种，由关系代词或关系副词引导，修饰主句的某个成分。状语从句分为时间、结果、让步、原因、条件及行为方式状语从句。名词从句包括主语、宾语、表语和同位语从句及there be句型。
1．定语从句
限定性定语从句中that可代表人和事，而which只代表事；二者在从句中作主语或宾语。that作宾语时常可省略，which则不能，而且其后的“不及物动词+介词’’中的介词不能省略。which作宾语时，先行词与which之间的介词不能省。例如：
1.The first doll that could say“mama”was invented in 1830．
2.The second half of his voyage was by far the more dangerous part，during which he sailed round the Cape Horn．
代表a11，anything，something，nothing，much等词时，用that而不用which，that作宾语可省略。例如：
1.I care anything that has something to do with it．
2.You'd better do something he prefers to do to please him．
3.That is the last time we met each other．
4.I came across the woman you told me about yesterday．
who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句的主语和宾语。where是关系副词，用于表示地点的定语从句，而when用来表示时间。whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语。例如:
1.Henry Ford is the person who is most responsible for developing the idea of mass production．
2.The knee is the joint where the thigh bone meets the large bone of the lower leg．
3.The next morning， when she came down to breakfast ， Mary was beaming with the pleasure of a new，great discovery．
4.The visiting professor is a famous scientist whose son studies in my department．
在下列情况，限定性定语从句的关系代词可以省略：1)当关系代词在从句中作宾语或表语；或它们在从句中作介词的宾语，
而该介词又在句末时；2)当先行词是that，all，only，everything，something，nothing等代词时，或先行词前有一个最高级形容词修饰时；3)当先行词前有only，any，all，first，no，last等修饰时，或先行词就是time，moment，way(anyway)，direction，distance等名词时，关系代词即可省略。例如：
1.The delegation we had been waiting for finally arrived．
2.I met the woman you told me about．
3.She gave me all she could afford．
4.With TV we can see things happen almost at the exact moment they are happening．
非限定性定语从句，其作用为：对所修饰的成分作进一步的说明，它与主句用逗号隔开。此类从句省略后其余部分仍可成立。在非限定性定语从句中，which可代表前面的整个句子；代表人时只能用who，whom，而不能用that；as也可用作关系代词。例如:
1.The telephone，as we know，was the invention of Alexander Graham Bell．
2.The Little White House in Warm Springs was the Georgia home President 3.Franklin
D．Roosevelt，who died there on April 12，1945．
4.Living in a damp house for a long time is harmful to one’s health，which is known to everyone．
2．状语从句
状语从句可分为：时间状语从句(主要由when，whenever，after，before，a5，slnce，once，assoonas初中英语语法总结，Until，while等连词引导)，结果状语从句(由so…that和such…that连接)，让步状语从句(由though，although， no matter，even if初中英语语法总结， however初中英语语法总结，whatever等词引导)，原因状语从句(由as，because，since和for引导)，条件状语从句(由if， whether，as long as，provided that等词引导)，地点状语从句(由where引导)，行为方式状语从句(由as引导)。有时条件状语从句中，主句不可以用将来时，而用一般时代替。例如：
1.The small greenish flowers of the elm tree appear in the Spring， long before the leaves grow.
2.QiongYao's novels used to be so popular that her books appeared on best-seller lists.
3.Gas balloon is less safe than hot balloon because it may catch fire.
4.Uniform acceleration (同样的加速) occurs if the rate of change remains the same over successive equal intervals of time．
5.Thousands of Chinese college students went to the US Consulate 6.Shanghai，
where they protested NATO's bombing at China's Embassy in Yugoslavia.
状语从句中的 “主语+be”可以省略，前提是：从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句谓语“be”省略后的结构为“连词+现在分词／过去分词介词短语／形容词／名词短语”。) 例如：
1.When well fitted， glasses can correct most sight defects in healthy eyes．
2.If necessary，I would like to see you in your office.
3.Although seriously wounded，he never complained．
3．名词从句
名词从句包括主语从句、宾语从句，其中有介词与形容词的宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
1）主语从句
主语从句常出现在it is+名词、形容词、分词+主语从句”的形式中。例如：
1.It is reported that Taiwanese pop singer Meng Tingwei will hold a solo concert in Shanghai someday this month．
2.It must be pointed out that you have failed to meet the deadline．
3.It usually happened that I was late because of traffic jams.
主语从句还可用when，where初中英语语法总结，how，why，whether等连接副词，和who，whom，whose，what，which初中英语语法总结，whoever，whatever，whichever等连接代词来引起。例如：
1.How to arrange the meeting is not your task．
2.Whose candidate will win the election is the question both political parties are asking．
3.When I leave is my own decision.
4.Whoever will go to the party won't change my mind of staying at home．
2)宾语从句
宾语从句可由that， 疑问代词或副词how，why和where等引出。例如：1.To postpone the conference until next month indicated that they were unprepared．
2.Nearly a11 the staff agreed with what I said．
3.Everyone worried about her because no one was aware of where she had gone．
4.Could you offer more details except that it happened at night?
由what，whether，how引导的宾语从句可用在介词后，而由that引导的从句只跟but，besides，except，in， save之后。例如:
1.I can hardly believe in what they have done.
2.He doesn’t know my phone number except that the city code is 021.
一些表语性的形容词，如：alarmed，amazed，annoyed，astonished， certain，confident， disappointed， glad， pleased， proud， sad， shocked， sure， surprised， worried， ect.做表语时，后面可跟由that， how等引导的宾语从句。例如：
1.I was amazed how he could pass the exam without attending the lectures．
2.He is confident that he will pass the Band 6 examination．
3.She was surprised how simple his problem is．
4.We are all pleased that he will be able to pass the final examination.
3)表语从句
表语从句对主语的内容起解释和阐述的作用；若表语从句用that引起，that起连接作用，不能省略。b表语从句也可用连接词how，when，where，why，what引起。由because引起的表语从句通常只用在“this／that／it is because” 结构中。例如：
1.A logarithm(对数) is what is known in algebra exponent(代数的指数)．
2.One thing I admire most about them is that they are hospitable．
3.She works too hard；That is why she is exhausted．
4.I must point out that where you intend to build a super-market is where the elderly do exercise every day．
4)同位语从句
同位语从句是由两个或两个以上同一层次语言单位组成的结构，其中前项与后项所指相同，句法功能相同。同位语从句由that引导，也可由whether初中英语语法总结，how，why，where， when等来引导。例如：
1.She ignored the teacher's instruction that she must study hard．
2.The question whether or not I should help him in such a case troubled me greatly．
第二篇：初中英语语法总结(从句) 5300字
初中英语语法总结（从句）
1．定语从句
限定性定语从句中that可代表人和事，而which只代表事；二者在从句中作主语或宾语。that作宾语时常可省略，which则不能，而且其后的“不及物动词+介词’’中的介词不能省略。which作宾语时，先行词与which之间的介词不能省。例如：
1.The first doll that could say“mama”was invented in 1830．
2.The second half of his voyage was by far the more dangerous part，during which he sailed round the Cape Horn．
代表a11，anything，something，nothing，much等词时，用that而不用which，that作宾语可省略。例如：
1.I care anything that has something to do with it．
2.You'd better do something he prefers to do to please him．
3.That is the last time we met each other．
4.I came across the woman you told me about yesterday．
who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句的主语和宾语。where是关系副词，用于表示地点的定语从句，而when用来表示时间。whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语。例如:
1.Henry Ford is the person who is most responsible for developing the idea of mass production．
2.The knee is the joint where the thigh bone meets the large bone of the lower leg．
3.The next morning， when she came down to breakfast ， Mary was beaming with the pleasure of a new，great discovery．
4.The visiting professor is a famous scientist whose son studies in my department．
在下列情况，限定性定语从句的关系代词可以省略：1)当关系代词在从句中作宾语或表语；或它们在从句中作介词的宾语，
而该介词又在句末时；2)当先行词是that，all，only，everything，something，nothing等代词时，或先行词前有一个最高级形容词修饰时；3)当先行词前有only，any，all，first，no，last等修饰时，或先行词就是time，moment，way(anyway)，direction，distance等名词时，关系代词即可省略。例如：
1.The delegation we had been waiting for finally arrived．
2.I met the woman you told me about．
3.She gave me all she could afford．
4.With TV we can see things happen almost at the exact moment they are happening．
非限定性定语从句，其作用为：对所修饰的成分作进一步的说明，它与主句用逗号隔开。此类从句省略后其余部分仍可成立。在非限定性定语从句中，which可代表前面的整个句子；代表人时只能用who，whom，而不能用that；as也可用作关系代词。例如:
1.The telephone，as we know，was the invention of Alexander Graham Bell．
2.The Little White House in Warm Springs was the Georgia home President 3.Franklin
D．Roosevelt，who died there on April 12，1945．
4.Living in a damp house for a long time is harmful to one’s health，which is known to everyone．
2．状语从句
状语从句可分为：时间状语从句(主要由when，whenever，after，before，as，since，once，as soon as初中英语语法总结，Until，while等连词引导)，结果状语从句(由so…that和such…that连接)，让步状语从句(由though，although， no matter，even if初中英语语法总结， however初中英语语法总结，whatever等词引导)，原因状语从句(由as，because，since
和for引导)，条件状语从句(由if， whether，as long as，provided that等词引导)，地点状语从句(由where引导)，行为方式状语从句(由as引导)。有时条件状语从句中，主句不可以用将来时，而用一般时代替。例如：
1.The small greenish flowers of the elm tree appear in the Spring， long before the leaves grow.
2.QiongYao's novels used to be so popular that her books appeared on best-seller lists.
3.Gas balloon is less safe than hot balloon because it may catch fire.
4.Uniform acceleration (同样的加速) occurs if the rate of change remains the same over successive equal intervals of time．
5.Thousands of Chinese college students went to the US Consulate 6.Shanghai，
where they protested NATO's bombing at China's Embassy in Yugoslavia.
状语从句中的 “主语+be”可以省略，前提是：从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句谓语“be”省略后的结构为“连词+现在分词／过去分词介词短语／形容词／名词短语”。) 例如：
1.When well fitted， glasses can correct most sight defects in healthy eyes．
2.If necessary，I would like to see you in your office.
3.Although seriously wounded，he never complained．
3．名词从句
名词从句包括主语从句、宾语从句，其中有介词与形容词的宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
1）主语从句
主语从句常出现在it is+名词、形容词、分词+主语从句”的形式中。例如：
1.It is reported that Taiwanese pop singer Meng Tingwei will hold a solo concert in Shanghai someday this month．
2.It must be pointed out that you have failed to meet the deadline．
3.It usually happened that I was late because of traffic jams.
主语从句还可用when，where初中英语语法总结，how，why，whether等连接副词，和who，whom，whose，what，which初中英语语法总结，whoever，whatever，whichever等连接代词来引起。例如：
1.How to arrange the meeting is not your task．
2.Whose candidate will win the election is the question both political parties are asking．
3.When I leave is my own decision.
4.Whoever will go to the party won't change my mind of staying at home．
2)宾语从句
宾语从句可由that， 疑问代词或副词how，why和where等引出。例如：1.To postpone the conference until next month indicated that they were unprepared．
2.Nearly a11 the staff agreed with what I said．
3.Everyone worried about her because no one was aware of where she had gone．
4.Could you offer more details except that it happened at night?
由what，whether，how引导的宾语从句可用在介词后，而由that引导的从句只跟but，besides，except，in， save之后。例如:
1.I can hardly believe in what they have done.
2.He doesn’t know my phone number except that the city code is 021.
一些表语性的形容词，如：alarmed，amazed，annoyed，astonished， certain，confident， disappointed， glad， pleased， proud， sad， shocked， sure， surprised， worried， ect.做表语时，后面可跟由that， how等引导的宾语从句。例如：
1.I was amazed how he could pass the exam without attending the lectures．
2.He is confident that he will pass the Band 6 examination．
3.She was surprised how simple his problem is．
4.We are all pleased that he will be able to pass the final examination.
3)表语从句
表语从句对主语的内容起解释和阐述的作用；若表语从句用that引起，that起连接作用，不能省略。b表语从句也可用连接词how，when，where，why，what引起。由because引起的表语从句通常只用在“this／that／it is because” 结构中。例如：
1.A logarithm(对数) is what is known in algebra exponent(代数的指数)．
2.One thing I admire most about them is that they are hospitable．
3.She works too hard；That is why she is exhausted．
4.I must point out that where you intend to build a super-market is where the elderly do exercise every day．
4)同位语从句
同位语从句是由两个或两个以上同一层次语言单位组成的结构，其中前项与后项所指相同，句法功能相同。同位语从句由that引导，也可由whether初中英语语法总结，how，why，where， when等来引导。例如：
1.She ignored the teacher's instruction that she must study hard．
2.The question whether or not I should help him in such a case troubled me greatly．
第三篇：初中英语三大从句 总结 4900字
一. 宾语从句object clause：
一. 定义definition：
在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
二. 连接词connections：
that: I think that you can pass the exam.
Whether/if: I don’t know what the word means.
“Wh”: I don’t know what the word means.
I don’t know where he found the book.
只用whether的情况：
1. 与or not连用：
I don’t know whether it’s raining or not.
2. 与动词不定式连用：
He doesn’t know whether to accept the invitation.
3. 连接词前有介词时：
It depends on whether he is coming.
三. 时态tenses:
1. 主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定(各种时态均可)
She wants to know what he has done for the exam.
2.主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。
1）She said that she was a student.
2）She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.
3）She said that she had finished her homework already.
3. 如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用一般
现在时态。
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
二. 定语从句 Attributive clause：
1. 定义：在复合句中修饰名词、代词的从句叫定语从句
2. 先行词指人 who /that
先行词指物 which/ that
3. 定语从句一般紧跟被修饰的名词或代词（即先行词）后
4.关系代词代替先行词在句子中担当成分，所以从句中不可再出现其他代替先行
词的代词
5.翻译方法 “…. 的”
Eg.
1. Yesterday we bought a book which is really hard to understand.
2. The students who are from Maple Leaf School like learning English.
Whom: 先行词指人，则代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语（包括介词的宾语）,
与who的区别是如果前面带介词则必须用whom
1. 2. I don’
Whose : 指人或物，作定语，表示 “…的”
eg: Harry is the boy whose mother is our math teacher.
关系代词只能 that 的特殊情况:
1.先行词前有序数词修饰时： 2.先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时： 3. 先行词是不定代词something, anything等时.
e.g. Is there anything that you want in this shop
4. 先行词是人和物时, 用that.
e.g. He talked about some writers and books that were unknown to us all.
5. 先行词被all , little , the only , the very(就是，正是), the last 等词修饰时,只
能用that
e.g. This is the last place that I want to visit.
6. 特殊疑问句以who 或which 开头，只能用that引导.
Who is the girl that is making a speech on the platform?
当关系代词前使用介词时：
物+介词+which ; 人+ 介词 + whom
当关系代词前使用介词时：
e.g. 1. This is the train by which we went to Beijing.
2. This is the teacher to whom my mother is talking.
三. 状语从句：Adverbial clauses
定义：
在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句，它可以用来修饰谓语（包括非谓
语动词）、定语或状语，或是整个句子。
状语从句一般分为八大类
时间状语从句 地点状语从句
原因状语从句 目的状语从句
结果状语从句 条件状语从句
方式状语从句 让步状语从句
1. 时间状语从句
When ---当……时候, 通常指某一特定的时间点，主句与从句的动作同时发
生。 When --- 正在……的时候，突然…。通常主句是进行时或 be about to 时，
在翻译的时候，when 可以译成没想到或突然。 When 当从句是进行时，主句是一般时，往往表示不满。 When=after
While ---在……期间，往往指一段时间。
While ---表示一种不满情绪，意思是这边在干某种重要的事，而另一边在享受
等。 As --- 一边……一边, 随着 As --- 当……时，指一个动作紧接着一个动作发生，从句通常用进行时。 The moment --- 一……就…… =as soon as , immediately,
---Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? Not… until --- 直到……才
He didn’t leave the office until Before --- 在……之前 After --- 在…… 之后 Since ---自从……, 通常主句用现在完成时 As soon as --- 一……就…… No sooner than --- 一……就……
no sooner… than… 用于句首要求倒装
Hardly …when…
Scarcely …when… Once --- 一但……就……
Once you see him, you will never forget him.
Every time, each time 每次whenever 每当
2. 条件状语从句
引导状语从句的连接词有:
If如果, unless除非, as long as只要, As (so) far as --- 据……所知，in case万一,
provided that假如, on condition that若是，以…为条件
If ---如果
If Unless --- 如果不, 除非=if not
We can’t get there on time unless As long as --- 只要 As (so) far as --- 据……所知 In case --- 假使, 如果
The plane cannot take off in case it rains.
Provided that 如果,有时省略 that On condition that --- 条件是… 注:主从句的动作发生在将来时，则主句用将来时, 从句用一般现在时。
3.地点状语从句
地点状语从句只有两个连词: Where, wherever
Where --- 在……地方
Where there is a will, there is a way.
Wherever --- 无论哪里
4.原因状语从句
because, as, since, now that, 和considering that, seeing that 这六个连词都用于表示表示原因, 但在语气上一个比一个弱.
Because --- 因为,通常从句放在主句后.
Mr Smith was very upset because As --- 因为, 通常放在句首 Since ---既然 因语气较弱, 常译为既然(众所周知的原因) Now that --- 既然 considering that --- 顾及到 seeing that --- 由于 put the meeting off.
5.结果状语从句
引导结果状语从句的连词有：that, so that, so…that…
such…that
So… that --- 太……以至于 so 后面应用形容词或副词, 有时省略so只用that So that --- 因而，以便，为了 有时so 可以省去 Such …that… ---太……以至于 用法与so…that相同，但such 后面应用名词。
6.目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句的主要连词有: that, so that, in order that, for fear that, lest (So) that --- 以便, 从句中常常使用一些情态动词，如：can, could, may, might,
should等
Let’s take the front seats (so) that in order that --- 为了, 与so that 相同从句中常常使用一些情态动词，如：can, could, may, might, should等
School was closed early in order that
for fear that --- 生怕; 为了防止(某事发生)
He took the name down for fear that he should forget it.
in case --- 万一 Lest --- 以防万一
7. 让步状语从句
引导让步状语从句的连词有：Although, though, as, even if, even though, no matter, however, whatever, while, whether.
Although, though ---虽然 although 和though 可以互换，但although 常放在句首。Though可以用于倒装。 ’t succeed.
As --- 尽管 as 引导让步状语从句时，句子通常倒装。可与though 互换。 Even if /even though ---即使
Even if , you should do your work.
However --- 不论， however 引导让步状语从句时，句子通常倒装 He couldn’t get there onN o matter (what, when, where, how) ---无论（什么，何时，何地，怎样） He wouldn’t forgive me no matter how Whatever --- 不管 , she won’t change her mind.
While ---尽管 I can’t help you.
Whether ---不管，常与or not 连用
8.方式状语从句
方式状语从句常由:as, as if, as though
as ---与…… 一样
as if, as though --- 仿佛, 由as if或 as though引导的从句中可用虚拟语气
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