中国建国后30年电影歌曲宣传内容的流变（1949-1979）

发布时间：2018-01-07 05:44

本文关键词：中国建国后30年电影歌曲宣传内容的流变（1949-1979）　出处：《辽宁大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：电影歌曲通常被看作是电影的一个重要组成部分，是为电影锦上添花的点缀。优秀的电影歌曲随着电影的播出，会在电影观众中广泛传播，成为脍炙人口的歌曲。在新中国建立之前，“左翼”电影中涌现了诸多耳熟能详的歌曲，例如《天涯歌女》、《毕业歌》、《渔光曲》和我们现在的国歌《义勇军进行曲》等诸多反应社会各阶层人民生活百态的电影歌曲。直到1949年新中国成立之后，党中央将电影宣传作为其文艺宣传的一个重要方面，电影的拍摄权从建国前的私有制变成完全为公有制，电影影片中的艺术性逐渐削弱，同时电影的宣传功能更加明显的显示出来。例如1958年电影和歌词都是将口号编入歌词来宣传“大跃进”和“人民公社”等运动。 1949年中华人民共和国建国之后，当时全国人民的核心价值观是歌名的英雄主义和忘我的集体主义。因此，当时电影的拍摄完全要符合当时的政治主题，也就是革命和劳动。列宁说，电影是所有艺术中最重要的艺术。我们认为，建国后到新时期（1949-1979）这三十年间，中国电影的价值不仅仅在于其艺术性，更在于其对意识形态的传播。虽然，电影研究者更倾向于电影所肩负的娱乐使命，但是从电影发展的历史上来看，电影更多的时候是以肩负着宣传使命的媒介出现的。从二战时期德国纳粹首领希特勒对电影宣传的重视就可以看出领导者对电影在宣传麾下的作用。从“十七年”电影的发展历程中可以看出，这一时期的电影完全成为为建设新中国摇旗呐喊的宣传工具。加之毛泽东又提出文艺从属于政治的文艺路线，这就使电影完全变成了宣传的工具，电影的主要功能变成说教与宣传。作为大众媒体的电影具有更多的话语权，在全国相对封闭的环境下，以教育的形式构建起大众传播网络，在人民群众中建立起了根深蒂固的大众文化，凝聚了中华民族强大力量，克服了建设新中国过程中遇见的重重困难。而电影歌词成为当时电影宣传活动中的部分宣传文本，将宣传内容潜移默化的地伴随着音乐被传送至观众的脑海中。十年“文革”时期，作为文化传播工具的电影的发展严重受挫。由江青等人控制的“中央文革小组”对文化领域的控制异常严格，而“文革”前期生产的大部分作品被江青等人扣上各式各样的“反革命帽子”禁止播放，与此同时，江青等人在“文革”时期以文艺创作的“三突出”原则为指导，大力发展京剧样板戏电影，“八亿人民八台戏”就是“文革”时期电影事业的真实写照。“样板戏”又被成为“现代京剧”，其中既有唱词又有对白，而唱词中的全部内容的政治倾向都极强，宣传说教和对毛主席的个人崇拜之情无处不在。文革时期真正的电影作品直到1972年才又重新回到影院，但是电影歌曲的歌词中的宣传内容并没有摆脱“文革”时期简单的口号式的传播方式。直到“文革”结束之后，电影事业才逐渐开始摆脱政治上的束缚，成为真正意义上的艺术电影。本文主要分为六个大部分，第一部分首先简要交代电影、宣传、歌词的特性，界定研究对象的概念与内涵，简要交代建国前中国电影事业的发展情况，是下文进行分析的基础。第二部分为社会主义过渡时期的电影歌曲宣传内容流变分析，时间界定为1949年到1956年社会主义改造的完成。第三部分阐述社会主义曲折探索十年的电影歌曲宣传内容的流变，时间界定为1957年社会主义改造完成到1966年无产阶级文化大革命爆发之前。这一历史阶段由于我党执政经验不足，在建设社会主义的道路上走了不少弯路，政治形势复杂，，其电影歌曲中的宣传内容富有较多的变化。第四部分为“文革”时期的电影歌曲内容的流变，时间界定为1967年文革全面爆发到1976年文革结束的十年。虽然“文革”时期的电影由样板戏电影与革命故事电影两部分组成，但两者电影歌曲中的宣传内容的方向大体是一致的。第五部分，简要论述“文革”结束后到新时期（1977年-1979年）这三年的电影歌词中宣传内容的变化。第六部分为总结。本文使用的研究方法为文本分析法与关键词统计法，在对电影歌词进行文本分析的基础之上，对关键词出现频率进行统计。
[Abstract]:The movie song is usually regarded as an important part of the movie, the movie is the icing on the cake ornament. Excellent movie songs as the movie broadcast, will spread widely in the movie audience, become popular songs. In the new Chinese prior to the establishment of "left" in the movie the emergence of a number of songs such as "the horizon for having heard it many times. AlMe >, < > < graduation song, fishing song > and we are now in the National Anthem" March of the volunteers "and many other responses to all sectors of society people's life attitudes of the film songs. Not until 1949 China after the establishment of the Party Central Committee will film publicity as an important aspect of its propaganda, the movie rights from before the founding of the private ownership be entirely of public ownership, the art film in the film gradually weakened, and the propaganda function more obviously displayed. For example the 1958 movie and lyrics are the slogan series In the lyrics, the "great leap forward" and "the people's commune" were propagandize.
After the founding of People's Republic of China in 1949, when the National People's core value concept is the name of the song's selfless heroism and collectivism. Therefore, when the film completely conform to the political theme at the time, it is revolutionary and labor. Lenin said that the film is the most important of all the arts. We believe that, after the founding of the new period (1949-1979) this thirty years, China film not only in its artistic value, but also in its dissemination of ideology. Although the film researchers tend to bear in the film and entertainment mission, but from the film development history, when the film is more to shoulder the mission of media propaganda. From the World War II Nazi leader Hitler for the film publicity attention can be seen on the film in the propaganda arm of the leader. From the development of "seventeen years" movie history The process can be seen in the movies at that time become completely for the construction of new China banner publicity tool. And Mao Zedong came from the literature belongs to the political line in literature, which makes the movie completely into a promotional tool, main functions of film into preaching and publicity. The mass media as the film has more right to speak, in the the relatively closed environment, in the form of education to build public communication network, the masses of the people established the mass culture ingrained, the cohesion of the Chinese nation powerful force, to overcome the difficulties encountered in the construction of new country in the process. While the film lyrics became part of the movie publicity publicity, will the subtle propaganda content accompanied by music is transmitted to the audience's mind.
Ten years of the "Cultural Revolution" period, as the development of cultural communication films suffered a serious setback. Controlled by Jiang Qing's "the Central Cultural Revolution Group" to control the field of culture is very strict, but most of the "Cultural Revolution" pre production work by Jiang Qing et al. Every kind of "counter revolutionary hat" banned, at the same time, Jiang Qing et al. In the period of "Cultural Revolution" in literary creation "three prominent" principle, vigorously develop the model Beijing opera film, "a true portrayal of eight hundred million people in the eight stage is the period of" Cultural Revolution "film industry." in play "also known as" Modern Peking Opera ", which has lyrics and dialogue, and all the contents in the lyrics of political tendencies are very strong, propaganda and personal worship of Mao's love everywhere. During the cultural revolution, the real movie works until 1972 and returned to the theater, But the propaganda content of the lyrics of the movie song did not get rid of the simple slogan mode of the "Cultural Revolution" period.
It was not until the end of the "Cultural Revolution" that the film career gradually began to get rid of the political bondage and become a real artistic film.
This paper is mainly divided into six parts. The first part gives a brief account of the film, publicity, lyrics characteristics, concept and connotation of defining the research object, the development of a brief account of the China film industry before the founding of the PRC, is the basis for the following. The second part is the analysis of film songs rheological Socialist propaganda content during the transition period of time from 1949 to 1956 is defined as the completion of socialist transformation. The third part describes the rheological socialist twists explore ten years of film songs promotional content, before the time is defined as the socialist transformation completed in 1957 to 1966 the outbreak of the great proletarian Cultural Revolution. This historical stage of our party's ruling due to lack of experience, quite a few detours on the road of socialist construction, political the situation is complicated, the change of propaganda film songs in the rich more. The fourth part is the "Cultural Revolution" period. Rheological film songs content, time is defined as the Cultural Revolution broke out in 1967 1976 to the end of the cultural revolution in ten years. Although the period of "Cultural Revolution" model opera film by film and film the story of the revolution of two parts, but the publicity content both in the direction of the film songs are roughly consistent. The fifth part briefly discusses the end of the "Cultural Revolution" after the new period (1977 -1979) changes in the three years of the propaganda film in the lyrics. The sixth part is the conclusion. This research method used for text analysis and keyword statistics, based on the text analysis on the film of the lyrics, keywords frequency statistics.

【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：J617.6

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