半导体制冷USB3.0高速相机的研究

发布时间：2018-02-11 14:05

本文关键词： CCD USB3.0 半导体制冷热管散热器　出处：《浙江大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：CCD(电荷耦合器件)是目前应用较广的光电成像器件,因其优异的成像性能,使CCD图像采集系统在军事,航天,医疗,化工等领域有着广泛的应用。而高帧率的CCD工业相机也成为目前应用领域的新贵。本文设计了一种基于USB3.0接口传输的半导体制冷CCD高速相机,主要研究成果体现在研究和设计了CCD驱动、数据采集、数据传输、制冷等相机的前端部分。分析了CCD成像的基本原理,并对噪声的抑制提供了半导体制冷的方法。对于使用的索尼公司的CCD芯片ICXXXX进行了详细的介绍。分析了ICXXXX的驱动时序,设计了ICXXXX的驱动时序电路,选用内置模拟前端(AFE)、完全可编程的时序发生器(TG)和6通道垂直驱动器的ADI公司AD99XX驱动CCD工作。并将固件程序烧写到EEPROM芯片中,通过SPI协议完成与AD99XX的通信。分析了USB3.0的参数,编写USB3.0固件程序,选择Slave FIFO数据采集模式。在上面研究的基础上,研究了半导体致冷的原理和热管散热器的工作原理,选择了合适的半导体制冷器及热管散热器,设计了合理的散热器传热机构,在相机加入半导体制冷系统,使得高帧率相机在常温环境中长积分时间曝光工作时,相机内部CCD传感器被制冷到低于室温25度的温度,减少暗电流固定模式噪声和瞬态随机噪声。研究成功的相机测试结果表明,该设计在长时间的工作中能够保证芯片温度比室温低25度,从而保证CCD工作在低噪声状态,有效地消除了CCD固有的热噪声,确保用户在荧光长时间的积分状态下得到高信噪比的图像。文章也说明了不足之处和需进一步完善的工作。
[Abstract]:CCDs (charge coupled device) is a widely used photoelectric imaging device, because of its excellent imaging performance, CCD image acquisition system in military, aerospace, medical, Chemical industry and other fields have been widely used, and high frame rate CCD industrial camera has become the new application field. In this paper, a semiconductor refrigeration CCD high-speed camera based on USB3.0 interface transmission is designed. The main research results are as follows: research and design of CCD driver, data acquisition, data transmission. The basic principle of CCD imaging is analyzed, and the method of semiconductor refrigeration for noise suppression is provided. The ICXXXX of CCD chip used by Sony is introduced in detail. The driving timing of ICXXXX is analyzed. The driving timing circuit of ICXXXX is designed. The AD99XX of ADI Company, which has a built-in analog front end, a fully programmable timing generator, and a 6-channel vertical driver, is used to drive CCD. The firmware program is burned into the EEPROM chip. Communicate with AD99XX through SPI protocol. The parameters of USB3.0 are analyzed, the USB3.0 firmware program is written, and the Slave FIFO data acquisition mode is selected. On the basis of the above research, the principle of semiconductor cooling and the working principle of heat pipe radiator are studied, the suitable semiconductor cooler and heat pipe radiator are selected, and the reasonable heat transfer mechanism of the radiator is designed. The CCD sensor inside the camera is cooled to a temperature lower than 25 degrees below room temperature when the camera is added to a semiconductor refrigeration system that allows the high frame rate camera to operate in a long integrated time exposure at room temperature. Reduce the dark current fixed mode noise and transient random noise. The results of the camera test show that the design can ensure that the chip temperature is 25 degrees lower than that at room temperature during a long period of work, so that the CCD works in a low noise state, and the inherent thermal noise of CCD is effectively eliminated. It is ensured that the user can get high SNR image under the condition of long time integration of fluorescence. The paper also explains the deficiency and the work that needs to be further improved.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TB852;TP391.41

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