口述历史纪录片的叙事研究

发布时间：2018-04-04 06:04

本文选题：口述历史　切入点：纪录片　出处：《陕西师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：口述历史是通过一群人或者一个人对已经发生事实的口头叙述的客观记录。而纪录片力排虚构利用声音、画面,对真实生活客观记录,与口述历史多角度、多侧面反映历史,客观再现并重建历史原貌的特点相契合,使得两者结合成为纪录片的一种重要形式。口述历史是通过录音、录像、访谈的方式,记录具有历史意义的个人观点,这种历史研究的田野调查方法,为人们了解历史提供了较为可靠的资料。口述历史与纪录片的影像相结合,近些年成为纪录片创作的一个重要的表现方法。本文以近年来国内口述历史纪录片为研究对象,以影视叙事学、文学叙事学等相关理论为基础,分析研究口述历史纪录片的现状和叙事特点。本文分为五个部分：第一部分论证什么是口述历史纪录片,对口述历史纪录片梳理出一个清晰的定义,对此类型的纪录片在国内外的研究现状以及研究趋势进行了分析阐述。第二部分：口述与纪录片其他元素结合的必然性,口述历史的起源发展以及特点,我国口述历史纪录片的影像历程,口述历史纪录片的现实意义。论证纪录片真实影像如何介入见证历史真实,给观众带来直观的情感体验。结合口述历史纪录片的现实意义,对当前纪录片在多元化媒体竞争的市场发展的状况进行分析,论证口述历史纪录片的叙事研究的意义。第三部分：从叙事视角、叙事语言、叙事结构三个方面论述口述历史纪录片的叙事特点。通过口述历史纪录片中的亲历者或见证人的叙事视角,客观呈现并丰富观众对历史的认知。口述历史纪录片为克服自身画面枯燥单一的缺点,在画面上注重细节刻画的故事化叙事,通过对细节画面的捕捉,来展现社会情境和人物性格：音响效果加强了视觉的情感交流,声音既是叙事手段也是一种对视觉画面的补充；“群言”的叙述方式也形成了语言蒙太奇,相互佐证叙述内容,客观性、真实性、以及视觉感官都得以增加。部纪录片中文本的整合方法、总体架构模式以及段落之间的衔接方式决定着作者的思想能否有一个恰当的表达,也决定着观众是否能清晰明了的读懂文本所要表达的意思,叙事结构在一部纪录片的文本研究中占有重要地位,时空交错、虚实相间的交叉叙事结构,更能凸显一部纪录片的主题,让观众心领神会作者表达的思想。第四部分：口述历史纪录片在多元共生的纪录时空中,要想突围必须做到以下几个方面：运用多种影像手法,注重提供视觉的事件现场。第二,多种视域进行结合。第三,口语化的表达方式。第四,能够吸引观众的内容。第五部分总结：口述历史纪录片为观众提供了一个真实的历史影像,独特的内视角叙事,个人化情感的展示,丰富了观众对历史的认知,故事化叙事增强了可观赏性,获得了观众的认可,为正在发展中的口述历史纪录片提供借鉴以赢得更宽广的生存和发展空间。
[Abstract]:Oral history is a group of people or a person on the objective record have happened. The oral narrative documentary fiction force row by the sound, picture of real life objective records, oral history and multi angle, multi reflection of history, characteristics and historical reconstruction objective representation of fit, the combination has become a an important form of oral history documentary. Through recordings, videos, interviews, historic record of the personal point of view, this field investigation method of historical research, history provides reliable data for people to understand. Oral history and documentary image combination, in recent years become an important manifestation of the documentary film creation method in this paper. In recent years the domestic oral history documentary film as the research object, the film narrative theory, narrative literature as the basis for analysis of oral The present situation and narrative characteristics of the historical documentary.
This paper is divided into five parts: the first part demonstrates what is oral history documentaries, and makes a clear definition of oral historical documentaries. The research status and research trend of this type of documentary at home and abroad are also analyzed.
The second part: the necessity of oral and documentary other elements with the origin and development of oral history and characteristics, image process of Chinese oral history documentary, practical significance of oral history documentary. The documentary image demonstrated how to intervene witness history, giving the audience a visual emotional experience. Combined with the practical significance of oral history documentary. The documentary in the diversified media competition market development situation analysis, research and demonstration of Oral History Documentary narrative significance.
The third part: from the narrative perspective, narrative language, narrative structure three aspects discusses the narrative features of oral history documentary. Through Oral History Documentary witness testimony or narrative view of people, and enrich the cognition of audience presenting history. The Oral History Documentary in order to overcome the shortcomings of a single boring picture, in the picture on narrative details, through the details of image capture, to show the social situation and character of sound effects strengthen emotional communication between visual, sound is also a visual sense of narrative picture added; "action" narrative form language montage, corroborating narrative content, objectivity, authenticity well, the visual senses are increased. The integration method of text in the documentary, cohesion between architecture and mode determines the paragraph The author thought whether there is an appropriate expression, but also determines whether the audience can read the text clearly to express the meaning, occupies an important position, the text of narrative structure in a documentary in time-space, cross the narrative structure of the actual situation and, more to highlight a documentary theme, let the audience the author understands the expression of ideas.
The fourth part: the Oral History Documentary in symbiosis records in time and space, in order to break through must do the following aspects: use of various imaging techniques, to provide on-site visual events. Second, multi domain combined. Third, spoken way. Fourth, to attract the audience.
The fifth part: summary of oral history documentary provides a real historical image for the audience, in view of the unique narrative, personal emotional display, enrich the audience's understanding of history, narrative to enhance visibility, to get recognized by the audience, provide reference to win broader space for survival and development is in the development of oral history documentary.

【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：J952

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