好莱坞电影里的中国“功夫形象”研究

发布时间：2018-04-08 23:16

本文选题：好莱坞电影　切入点：中国“功夫形象”　出处：《湘潭大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：21世纪中美文化的交流，让文化影响不再单向。在西方文化持续影响亚洲文化的同时，西方文化也受到亚洲文化多方面的影响。近些年，这种影响在好莱坞电影中显而易见。中国文化符号广泛见诸好莱坞电影，其中“功夫形象”更是在美国刮起了又一轮中国风。好莱坞中国“功夫形象”是我们研究中美文化冲突和融合的最佳载体，对于我们研究西方社会的中国文化认同具有重要的价值和意义。此外，好莱坞中国“功夫形象”也能折射出中国人形象在美国文化语境中的微妙变化。中国“功夫形象”，20世纪初期在大陆萌芽，30年代至60年代在香港发展，70年代至90年代传播到海外，，21世纪在好莱坞立足。好莱坞中国“功夫形象”主要有恶魔坏蛋形象、现代英雄形象、古代仙侠形象三种类型；在“男性气质”的建构上，经历了由从属型到对抗型再向共谋型的转变，在“性”方面一直具有“禁欲主义”色彩，也保留了“敏捷”、“刻苦”、“坚韧”、“克制”等独特的东方男性气质。好莱坞中国“功夫形象”的产生，至少有两方面的原因：其一，它是社会集体想象的产物，是历史“套话”的延续和突破，也是美国意识形态与乌托邦的混合和隐喻。其二，它是电影市场全球化的产物，其产生不仅与好莱坞的市场扩张相关，还与香港电影走向世界的战略要求相符。中国“功夫形象”能在好莱坞倍受青睐并获得一定的话语权，能成为全球最流行的中国人形象之一，在于它所蕴含的价值和意义：中国“功夫形象”审美价值独特，为好莱坞动作电影注入了新鲜血液。“功夫形象”在电影舞台上的武舞表演，是一种视觉奇观，是“壮美”与“优美”的交融，是音韵与节奏的结合，呈现出传统西方动作片所没有的动作之美。“功夫形象”还将暴力“诗意化”和“幽默化”，不仅消解了血腥与残酷，更赋予了动作电影风格之美。好莱坞中国“功夫形象”承载了中美文化价值观，是赋有“儒释道”中国传统文化色彩的个人英雄主义典范，是中美文化精神的融合体。作为世界最受欢迎的中国文化符号，它不仅延伸了美国英雄主义的能指范畴，其体现的中国侠义精神更深化了美国英雄主义的所指内涵。就中国文化传播而言，“功夫形象”同样功不可没。它扩大了中国文化的传播范围、增强了中国文化的传播效果，为促进异质文化的交流与认同做出了重要贡献。
[Abstract]:The cultural exchange between China and the United States in the 21 st century makes the cultural influence no longer unidirectional.While Western culture continues to influence Asian culture, Western culture is also influenced by Asian culture in many aspects.In recent years, this effect has been evident in Hollywood films.Chinese cultural symbols are widely seen in Hollywood films, in which "kung fu image" is blowing in the United States another round of Chinese style.Hollywood Chinese "kung fu image" is the best carrier for us to study the cultural conflict and fusion between China and the United States, which is of great value and significance for us to study the Chinese cultural identity in western society.In addition, Hollywood Chinese kung fu image can also reflect the subtle changes of Chinese image in American cultural context.China's "kung fu image" has sprouted in the mainland in the early 20th century, developed in Hong Kong from the 1930s to the 1960s and spread overseas in the 1970s to the 1990s and established itself in Hollywood in the 21st century.Hollywood's "kung fu image" includes three types: evil villain image, modern hero image and ancient immortals image. In the construction of "masculinity", it has experienced the transformation from subordinate type to antagonistic type and then to collusion type.Sex has always been "ascetic" color, but also retained "Agile", "hard", "tough", "restraint" and other unique Oriental masculinity.There are at least two reasons for the emergence of Hollywood's "kung fu image" in China: first, it is the product of social collective imagination, the continuation and breakthrough of historical "stereotype", and the mixture and metaphor of American ideology and utopia.Second, it is the product of the globalization of the film market, which is not only related to the expansion of Hollywood market, but also in line with the strategic requirements of Hong Kong film to the world.China's "kung fu image" can gain a certain voice in Hollywood and become one of the most popular Chinese images in the world, which lies in its value and significance: the unique aesthetic value of "Chinese kung fu image".The Hollywood action film is infused with fresh blood.The martial arts performance of "kung fu image" on the film stage is a visual spectacle, a blend of "magnificent beauty" and "graceful", a combination of rhyme and rhythm, and presents the beauty of action not found in traditional western action films.The kung fu image not only dispels the blood and cruelty, but also endows the action film with the beauty of the style of action film.Hollywood's "kung fu image" bears the values of Chinese and American culture, is an example of individual heroism with the color of "Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism" in Chinese traditional culture, and is the fusion of Chinese and American cultural spirit.As the most popular symbol of Chinese culture in the world, it not only extends the signifier category of American heroism, but also embodies the Chinese chivalrous spirit, which deepens the connotation of American heroism.As far as the spread of Chinese culture is concerned, the kung fu image can not be ignored.It expands the spread range of Chinese culture, strengthens the communication effect of Chinese culture, and makes important contribution to promoting the exchange and identification of heterogeneous culture.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：J905

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