摄像机与投影仪的标定方法研究

发布时间：2018-04-22 01:12

本文选题：摄像机标定 + 投影仪标定　；参考：《哈尔滨理工大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：摄像机标定是计算机视觉研究的一个热点研究内容，在三维重构，医学诊断以及航空测绘等方面应用广泛。通过摄像机的标定，可以把图像中的二维坐标对物体进行三维重建，从而应用于各种领域中。本文对摄像机的标定理论和方法进行了研究，包括获取摄像机的有关参数，建立三维空间物体和二维图像之间的对应关系，并设计出标定精度较高的摄像机自标定法以及基于彩色伪随机编码的投影仪标定，从而为计算机视觉和立体视觉的下一步研究工作提供可靠的数据，并奠定良好的基础。本论文主要进行以下几个方面的研究： 1.对传统的摄像机标定方法进行分析研究，针对两步法标定过程复杂，需要有高准确度的标定物，以及张正友自标定法参考点过于依赖摄像机精度，鲁棒性稍差的缺点，本文设计了一种基于曲线拟合的十字同心圆自标定方法，在摄像机像素较低的情况下，精度比张正友的方法稍高；同时在计算过程中，，其原理简单，使用方便，具有良好的可操作性。 2.研究并分析了传统的投影仪标定方法—线性标定法，对应用于标定当中的正交格雷码的编码，解码原理进行了分析，针对其标定精度过于依赖摄像机拍摄的图像数量，本文设计了一种基于彩色伪随机编码的投影仪标定方法，通过某种随机特性的码，求解出特征点在投影平面上的坐标。具有较好的窗口特性，提高了测量精度。 3.利用3dsmax平台搭建摄像机，投影仪标定系统仿真模型，对三种摄像机标定方法以及两种投影仪标定法进行仿真实验和对比，通过仿真实验结果分析得到精度最高的标定方法，同时，利用Matlab对拍摄到的真实图像进行标定实验，通过对标定结果的评估再次验证改进的摄像机自标定法和基于张正友的彩色伪随机编码投影仪标定的精度相对较高，适用于实验室结构光三维测量系统，为后面的工作如三维测量，三维重建做良好的铺垫。
[Abstract]:Camera calibration is a hot topic in computer vision. It is widely used in 3D reconstruction, medical diagnosis and aeronautical mapping. Through the calibration of the camera, the 2D coordinates in the image can be reconstructed and applied in various fields. In this paper, the theory and method of camera calibration are studied, including the acquisition of camera parameters and the establishment of the corresponding relationship between 3D objects and two-dimensional images. The camera self-calibration method with high calibration accuracy and the projector calibration based on color pseudorandom coding are designed, which provide reliable data for the next research work of computer vision and stereo vision, and lay a good foundation. This thesis mainly carries on the following aspects research: 1. The traditional camera calibration method is analyzed and studied. In view of the complexity of the two-step calibration process, the need for a high accuracy calibration object, the reference point of Zhang Zhengyou self-calibration method is too dependent on camera accuracy, and the robustness is slightly poor. In this paper, a method of cross concentric circle self-calibration based on curve fitting is designed. The precision of the method is a little higher than that of Zhang Zhengyou when the camera pixel is low, and its principle is simple and easy to use. It has good maneuverability. 2. This paper studies and analyzes the traditional projector calibration method-linear calibration method, and analyzes the coding and decoding principle of orthogonal graycode used in calibration. The calibration accuracy is too dependent on the number of images captured by the camera. In this paper, a method of projector calibration based on color pseudorandom coding is designed. The coordinates of feature points on the projection plane are solved by a random characteristic code. It has better window characteristics and improves the measuring accuracy. 3. The camera and projector calibration system simulation model are built by using 3dsmax platform. Three camera calibration methods and two projector calibration methods are simulated and compared. The most accurate calibration method is obtained by analyzing the simulation results. At the same time, using Matlab to calibrate the real image, the calibration accuracy of the improved camera self-calibration method and the color pseudorandom coded projector based on Zhang Zhengyou is verified again through the evaluation of the calibration results. It is suitable for the three-dimensional measurement system of structured light in laboratory. It is a good paver for the following work such as 3 D measurement and 3 D reconstruction.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TH741.5;TB853

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