从《功夫熊猫》看跨文化交际趋同性

发布时间：2018-05-25 09:39

本文选题：《功夫熊猫》系列 + 文化趋同　；参考：《山东师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着全球化的快速发展,当今世界上不同文化之间相互碰撞、频繁交流,在此形势下,跨文化交际研究不断发展。由于来自不同文化背景的人们在语言、价值观和思维方式等方面都存在诸多差异,阻碍了人们之间有效地进行沟通和交流。因此,大部分跨文化交际研究者都将目光投向文化差异而忽略了文化的共通点。鉴于此,本论文以《功夫熊猫》系列电影为例,从跨文化交际趋同的视角来分析电影中所体现的中美文化趋同性。文化趋同理论作为趋同理论在文化领域的延伸,指出文化是一个开放的系统,不同文化之间的输入与输出是文化交流的过程。由于全球化的推进,各种文化要想长久存在,就必须与其他文化不断交流。不同文化之间的交流在某种程度上呈现出趋同态势,但是这种文化趋同并不是所有文化都趋于一致,而是以“和而不同”的形式存在并各放异彩。2008年美国动画电影《功夫熊猫》席卷全球,名利双收,不仅在美国本土大受欢迎,在国外市场尤其是中国也反响热烈。紧随而来的《功夫熊猫2》(2011)和《功夫熊猫3》(2016)不管是票房还是口碑都赢得海内外赞誉。《功夫熊猫》电影系列能够大获成功,一方面在于梦工厂把故事背景设在古代中国,并且将“功夫”和“熊猫”这两个独具中国特色的元素完美结合在一起,使中国文化元素贯穿此系列电影的始终;另一方面,电影始终契合好莱坞电影的主题,一如既往地致力于传递美国的文化价值观。《功夫熊猫》系列电影可以说是中美文化融合与趋同几近完美的典范。本论文以《功夫熊猫》系列电影为例,在文化趋同理论、霍夫斯泰德文化维度理论和文化转换理论的支撑下,较为全面地分析了中美跨文化交际趋同性。首先,作者阐述了电影中所展现的中美文化元素。其次,详细分析了中美文化是如何在电影中成功实现融合与趋同的。根据分析,本研究主要发现如下:1、中美文化元素在《功夫熊猫》系列电影中都得到了几近完美的体现与融合,包括中国的功夫、熊猫、龙、建筑;道家思想中的太极、阴阳、无为和儒家思想中的仁、有教无类和因材施教。“美国梦”所包含的平等、自由、民主、勤奋、勇气和决心以及随着社会发展“美国梦”所带来的负面影响都在电影中有鲜明体现,这对于《功夫熊猫》系列电影的全球轰动功不可没。2、本论文从语言表达与美式幽默,集体主义与个人主义和规避风险程度高低三个方面讨论中美文化趋同。首先,电影中许多角色名字、有中国特色的东西都以汉语拼音的形式出现,角色之间的对话饱含中国文化哲理,同时,人物的一言一行又展现出美式幽默。其次,中国文化重礼节、讲孝道、重视家庭和人际关系的集体主义与美国文化提倡自由、平等、独立的个人主义都在主人公阿宝身上得到完美体现。除此之外,电影很好地将中国人尊重传统、惧怕未知的特点和美国人珍视当下、敢于冒险的精神融合在一起。3、相较于《功夫熊猫》系列电影在全球的热烈反响,中国要实现文化“走出去”的目标还有很长的路要走。本研究试图为中国优秀文化的对外传播提出一些建议。最关键的是要挖掘双方的共通点并以此为桥梁,进一步推动中美跨文化交流。把优秀的民族文化放到电影中并以世界上多数人能理解的方式来表达也是实现跨文化交际的有效方式。此外,我们要在故事情节安排和展现技术上下功夫,打破单一的传统主题,融合本土文化和外来文化,提高电影科技水平,用世界语言讲好中国故事。最后,作者认为单纯分析或研究不同文化的差异或趋同并不是最终目的。我们做这些研究的终极目标是为了取人之长,补己之短。作者在前文一系列讨论的基础上为中国优秀文化向世界的传播提出了一些行之有效的文化策略,指出了本研究的不足并为将来的研究提供了参考意见。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of globalization, different cultures collide and communicate frequently in the world. In this situation, the research of intercultural communication has developed continuously. People from different cultural backgrounds have many differences in language, values and ways of thinking, which impede the effective communication and communication among people. Therefore, most intercultural communication researchers focus on cultural differences and ignore the common point of culture. In view of this, this paper, taking "Kungfu Panda" series as an example, analyzes the cultural convergence in the film from the perspective of intercultural communication convergence. Culture convergence theory extends as a convergence theory in the cultural field, Culture is an open system, and the input and output of different cultures are the process of cultural communication. As a result of globalization, various cultures have to communicate with other cultures in order to exist for a long time. Communication between different cultures presents a homomorphism to some extent, but this kind of cultural convergence is not all. Culture all tended to be consistent, but in the form of "harmony and difference", and the American animation film "Kung Fu Panda" swept the globe in.2008. It was not only popular in the United States, but also in the foreign market, especially in China. "Kung Fu Panda 2> (2011)" and "Kung Fu Panda 3> (2016)" were followed. The room and the word of mouth have won praise both at home and abroad. "Kung Fu Panda > film series" can be successful. On the one hand, the dream factory sets the story in ancient China, and combines the two unique Chinese elements "Kung Fu" and "Panda" together to make the Chinese elements run through the series of films; the other side. The film always fits the theme of Hollywood film and is always devoted to the transmission of American cultural values. "Kungfu Panda" series of films can be said to be a perfect model for Chinese and American cultural convergence and convergence. This paper takes "Kungfu Panda" series as an example, in the theory of cultural convergence, the Hofstede culture dimension theory and culture. Under the support of the transformation theory, the Chinese and American intercultural communication convergence is analyzed in a more comprehensive way. First, the author expounds the cultural elements in the film and the United States. Secondly, it analyzes the integration and convergence of Chinese and American culture in the film. According to the analysis, the main findings are as follows: 1, the Chinese and American cultural elements are in the "Kungfu" The panda > series of films have all been nearly perfect and integrated, including Chinese Kung Fu, panda, dragon, architecture, Taoist thought of Tai Chi, yin and Yang, inaction and Confucianism, indistinct and aptitude. The American dream contains equality, freedom, democracy, diligence, courage and determination, and the development of the United States with society. The negative effects of dream are all reflected in the film, which can not be.2 for the global sensation of the "Kungfu Panda" series of films. This paper discusses the convergence of the Chinese language from three aspects: language expression and American style humor, collectivism and individualism and the degree of risk aversion. In the form of Chinese Pinyin, the dialogues between the characters are full of Chinese cultural philosophy, and the characters show American humor. Secondly, Chinese cultural etiquette, filial piety, collectivism that attaches importance to family and interpersonal relations, and American culture advocating freedom, equality and independent individualism are all in the main. In addition to this, the film is a very good way to make the Chinese people respect the tradition, fear the unknown characteristics and the Americans to cherish the present and the adventurous spirit to merge together.3, compared with the warm response of the "Kungfu Panda" series in the world. China has a long way to achieve the goal of "going out". This study tries to make some suggestions for the dissemination of Chinese excellent culture to the outside world. The most important thing is to excavate the common point of both sides and take it as a bridge to further promote the cross-cultural communication between China and the United States. The expression of the excellent national culture in the film and the formula that most people in the world can understand is also the realization of cross-cultural communication. In addition, we should work hard on the plot and display of the story, break the single traditional theme, merge the native culture and the foreign culture, improve the film science and technology level, and use the world language to tell the Chinese story well. Finally, the author thinks that it is not the ultimate purpose to analyze or study the differences or convergence of different cultures. On the basis of a series of discussions in the previous article, the author puts forward some effective cultural strategies for the spread of Chinese excellent culture to the world, and points out the shortcomings of this study and provides some reference for future research.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：J954;H313

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