影剧界的彗星—沈西苓研究

发布时间：2018-06-26 21:59

本文选题：沈西苓 + 戏剧　；参考：《西南大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：1930年代是中国影剧界最为激荡、最为嬗变的黄金十年。大批影剧人汇聚上海,开创中国影剧传统。抗日战争全面爆发后,上海影剧人流离失所,北去陕北,西迁汉口、成都、重庆、昆明,南下香港。在光怪陆离的影戏界,各人操持着各人的营生,或倚靠团体,发展出一定的“倾向”,或纯粹“为了艺术而艺术”,保持个人艺术观点的独立。他们或许经历了漫长的一生,在时代转变,政权更替的狭缝中掌握了话语权,或许终其半生,伶仃孤苦,辗转奔波,不幸早夭,葬于异土。民国“左翼”影戏人作为大时代的一员,因后世的历史编纂而光彩熠熠,但作为“左翼”的个体,却多半命际坎坷。对于沈西苓而言,这短暂的十年成就了他的一生。作为一个“亭子间”文人,他有着深厚的文学修养与灵动的性情;作为一个戏剧家,他有先锋青年的激情,也有大剧场导演的持重;作为一个电影家,他针砭时弊,不以“噱头”为生意经,勤勤恳恳,耕耘于银幕。然而,沈西苓却受到了最大的虐使与排挤,“明星”公司的不重视,加之严苛的电影检查制度,他三次离开电影界。朋友们常称呼沈西苓为“怪物”,他性情腼腆,脸上常常挂着微笑,从不多言。夏衍认为他“脆弱”,总是向困难妥协。他的电影被电检会反复删剪,不成形的影片沦为他人笑柄,是需要怎样的勇气,才能从这些谩骂与嘲笑中走出来。一直到《十字街头》的成功上映,他才真正被大家所认可,而这已经接近其生命的尾声。沈西苓并非时代的宠儿,也不是影剧界的“大咖”,当我们谈到“左翼”戏剧或电影时,很少会提及他。1938年部分影剧人退守“大后方”,沈西苓在中央电影制片厂完成《中华儿女》后,感染风寒,加之常年肺病,终不治而亡,时年三十六岁。他的生命真的非常短暂!他的作品寥落散乱,无人拾掇。笔者并非想为沈西苓歌功颂德,也不志在为其于文化圈或“左翼”阵地中立碑著说。对于笔者而言,沈西苓是大时代中的鲜活个体,他的理想,他的困顿,他的生命,才是笔者关注所在。同时,笔者以沈西苓为“触点”,以期观望他的栖身之所。历史的原貌常因后人的书写而被遮蔽或夸大,沈西苓身上所交织的时代之景、时代之变、时代之愿与时代之困,只能通过收集、整理与串联相关史料以触碰历史的状貌。
[Abstract]:The 1930 s was the golden decade of the most violent and transmutation in the field of Chinese film dramas. A large number of film opera people gathered in Shanghai to create a Chinese film drama tradition. After the outbreak of the War of Resistance against Japan, the Shanghai Shadow Drama displaced, moved north to northern Shaanxi, moved west to Hankou, Chengdu, Chongqing, Kunming, south of Hong Kong. In the grotesque world of film and play, each man manages his own business or relies on the group to develop a certain "tendency", or simply "art for the sake of art", to maintain the independence of one's own artistic point of view. They may have gone through a long life, in the change of times, regime change in the slit of the right to speak, or half the life, lonely, wandering, unfortunately early, buried in a different land. As a member of the great era, the people of the "left wing" of the Republic of China are glittering because of the historical compilation of later generations, but as the individuals of the "left wing", most of their lives are bumpy. For Shen Xiling, this short ten years accomplished his life. As a literati in the pavilion, he has profound literary cultivation and intelligent temperament; as a dramatist, he has the passion of a pioneer youth and the care of a director of a large theater; as a filmmaker, he criticizes the current situation. Not "gimmicks" for business, diligent, work on the screen. However, Shen Xiling was subjected to the greatest abuse and exclusion, "Star" company's neglect, coupled with strict film censorship, he left the film industry three times. Friends often call Shen Xiling "monster", he is shy, often smile, never say much. Xia Yan called him "fragile" and always compromised to difficulties. His films have been repeatedly censored, and shapeless films have become the laughing stock of others. It takes a lot of courage to get out of these insults and ridicule. It was not until the successful release of Cross Street that he was truly recognized, and it was near the end of his life. Shen Xiling is not the favorite of the times, nor is he the "Daga" of the film world. When we talk about "Left-wing" plays or movies, we seldom mention him. Shen Xiling, who was 36 years old at the Central Film Studio, was infected with cold wind and chronic lung disease. His life is really short! His works were scattered and scattered, and nobody was able to pick them up. I do not want to sing praise for Shen Xiling, nor do I want to set up a monument for Shen Xiling in the cultural circle or the "left wing" position. For the author, Shen Xiling is a fresh individual in the great age, his ideal, his predicament and his life are the focus of the author's attention. At the same time, the author takes Shen Xiling as the contact point to see where he lives. The original appearance of history is often obscured or exaggerated by the writing of later generations. Shen Xiling's interwoven scene of the times, the change of times, the desire of the times and the difficulties of the times can only touch the features of history by collecting, arranging and connecting with related historical materials.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：J903

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