美国电影评价系统及效果研究

发布时间：2018-07-01 14:21

本文选题：美国电影 + 评价系统　；参考：《上海交通大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：美国电影已有百年历史，而电影评论几乎在电影诞生后不久即引起了文人和学者的关注。1915年，维切尔·林赛就《一个国家的诞生》发表了一系列电影评论类的文章以来，电影评论就伴随着电影而蓬勃发展。至今，美国的电影评价已经形成了一个结构清晰、分工明确的系统。根据克里斯蒂安·麦茨的“电影机构”理论，电影是一种“想象的技术”，而这种技术又是在一种具有“对象性关系”的社会运作系统中被运用的。他把这个运作系统称为“电影机构”。电影机构由三个部分组成：生产机器、消费机器和促销机器。本文旨在对美国电影评价系统做一次细致全面的梳理，从“电影机构”的角度考察这些电影评价方式分别对于美国电影产业可能产生的作用。为此，作者依照媒介属性将美国的电影评价方式划分为学术影评、通俗影评、网络影评以及电影评奖。通过深入分析每一种电影评价方式的发展背景和发展历史，优势劣势以及发展方向，来探究它们与电影工业可能产生的互动关系。其中，学术影评以其权威性和专业性对于挖掘电影的艺术性、指导电影创作产生重要的影响；通俗影评存在范围广泛，能够深入到民众的日常生活，因而，它对于电影产业的影响主要体现在消费层面；而随着网络时代的发展，新媒体大有包容一切的势头，网络影评以其互动性和民主性引领着电影评论超着新的方向发展，但是网络时代的电影评论也面临着新的考验。对美国电影评价系统的研究对中国的电影产业发展具有重要的借鉴意义。在中国电影产业蓬勃发展的今天，电影评论的相对滞后已经成为明显的短板。本文在分析了美国的电影评价系统后，，对中国电影评论的发展给出了相应的建议。一方面中国的电影评论系统需要进一步的完善；另一方面，以完善的制度培养独立、正直的影评人。
[Abstract]:American films have a history of one hundred years, and movie reviews have attracted the attention of scholars and scholars almost immediately after the birth of the film. Since 1915, when Vichael Lindsay published a series of articles about the birth of a country, Movie reviews have flourished along with movies. So far, American film evaluation has formed a clear structure and a clear division of labor system. According to Christian Metz's "Film Organization" theory, film is a kind of "imaginative technology", which is used in a social operation system with "object relationship". He called the operating system a "film organization". The film organization consists of three parts: production machine, consumer machine and promotion machine. The purpose of this paper is to make a detailed and comprehensive review of the American film evaluation system, and to examine the possible effects of these methods on the American film industry from the perspective of "film organization". Therefore, according to the media attributes, the author divides the American film evaluation methods into academic film reviews, popular film reviews, network film reviews and film awards. Through in-depth analysis of the development background, development history, advantages and disadvantages, and development direction of each mode of film evaluation, this paper explores their possible interaction with the film industry. Among them, academic film critics, with their authoritativeness and professionalism, have an important impact on excavating the artistry of films and guiding film creation. Popular film reviews exist in a wide range of areas and can penetrate into the daily life of the public. Its influence on the film industry is mainly reflected in the consumption level. With the development of the network era, the new media has a great tendency to contain everything. With its interactive and democratic nature, the online film review leads the film review to develop in a new direction. But the movie review of the network times also faces the new test. The research on American film evaluation system is of great significance to the development of Chinese film industry. With the booming development of China's film industry, the relative lag of film reviews has become an obvious short board. After analyzing the American film evaluation system, this paper gives some suggestions on the development of Chinese film review. On the one hand, China's film review system needs further improvement; on the other hand, it trains independent and honest film critics with perfect system.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：J905;J997.12;J943

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