论电影编剧创作技巧—“人物弧光”

发布时间：2018-07-09 10:06

本文选题：人物弧光 + 戏剧　；参考：《东北师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：“人物弧光”作为编剧塑造人物的一种创作技巧，一直深受好莱坞的欢迎。所谓“人物弧光”就是人物本性的发展轨迹或者变化，无论是变好还是变坏。它具备隐蔽性、动态性、对抗性和渐进性等特点，其中动态性包括变化、发展与成长，这也是“人物弧光”与“性格流动性”“性格成长说”存在差异的地方，即“人物弧光”的维度更宽广。而在电影诞生以前，，戏剧和文学承担了塑造人物的任务。所以溯源“人物弧光”，就要回望人物在戏剧舞台与文学世界中的闪现。在戏剧舞台上，虽然在古希腊时代就已经出现性格相对复杂的人物，但是真正让出现性格出现流动性却是在伊利莎白时代。而18世纪的“成长小说”则让人物具备了明显的“人物弧光”。发展到今天，“人物弧光”更是普遍存在在众多影视剧中。“人物弧光”的存在价值不仅在于剧作的需要、观众的需要、现实的需要，更是对编剧水平的检验。“人物弧光”的研究价值则在于一是国内研究理论少，二是基于国产电影的正反启示，三是为了实践。那么如何创造“人物弧光”呢？本文结合国内外剧作家和学者们的观点，同时分析具体案例，尝试总结出一些经验方法——首先应该在设置人物方面应该为人物设置背景故事、缺点和意志力；其次，要给予故事足够的冲突，才能让人物有足够的反应和选择，即动作。当然最为重要的，是让“人物弧光”伴随结构逐渐生成。本文将结合电影（如《辛德勒名单》）案例，看人物如何在开端、发展、高潮、结尾中完成“人物弧光”。
[Abstract]:As a creative skill of screenwriters, Arc has always been popular in Hollywood. The so-called "character arc" is the development of human nature or changes, whether for better or worse. It has the characteristics of concealment, dynamic, adversarial and gradual, among which dynamic includes change, development and growth, which is the difference between "character arc" and "character fluidity" and "character growth theory". In other words, the dimension of "character arc" is wider. Before the birth of the film, drama and literature took on the task of portraying characters. Therefore, tracing back to the arc of characters, we should look back at the flash of characters in the theatrical stage and literary world. On the stage of drama, although relatively complicated characters appeared in ancient Greece, it was in Elizabeth's time that the appearance of character appeared fluidity. And the 18 th century's "growth novel" makes the characters have a distinct "character arc". To this day, the Arc of characters is ubiquitous in many movies and TV dramas. The existence value of the character arc lies not only in the needs of the play, the audience and the reality, but also in the test of the writer's level. The research value of "Arc of characters" lies in the lack of domestic research theory, the positive and negative enlightenment based on domestic films, and the third is for practice. So how to create the "character arc"? Based on the viewpoints of domestic and foreign playwrights and scholars, this paper tries to sum up some empirical methods by analyzing specific cases. Firstly, we should set up background stories, shortcomings and willpower for characters in setting up characters; secondly, Enough conflict must be given to the story in order to give the character sufficient reaction and choice, that is, action. Of course, the most important thing is to let the "character arc" with the structure gradually generated. Based on the case of the film (such as Schindler's list), this paper will see how the characters finish "Arc" in the beginning, development, climax and end.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：J904

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