李安电影中的道家思想解读

发布时间：2018-12-23 18:09

【摘要】：李安作为迄今为止唯一一位获得奥斯卡最佳导演奖的华人导演,成为众多国内外学者竞相研究的对象,关于李安及其电影的研究理论与成果不胜枚举且颇有见地。对李安电影的研究尤其是从文化角度展开的研究,要寻求出新的突破口,并非易事。笔者在广泛搜集、认真阅读并仔细分析当前李安及其电影研究的相关论著与学术论文的基础上,寻找出了切入点,即分析李安电影中的道家思想。儒、释、道三家文化构成了中国传统文化的内核。然而作为中国土生土长的道家,因历史、政治等诸多因素,与儒、佛两家相比稍有逊色。中国电影导演也极少有人主动的将其呈现在电影之中。但是,恰如林语堂在《中国人》一书中所言“中国人在本性上是道家,文化上是儒家,然而其道家思想却更甚于儒家思想。”道家思想已经深深融入到了中国人的灵魂之中,人们总是在有意或无意中展现出其灵魂深处的道家思想品格。本文以李安电影为研究对象,以道家思想为根据,首先从李安生活经历、文化倾向两方面分析,探寻出李安与道家的关联,得出李安的确受到道家思想的影响,并将其主动呈现在电影作品中。在此基础之上,探讨李安电影在文本及叙事层面上所塑造的极富道味的人物形象、追求人格无限自由的道家思想内涵、太极推手般的电影叙事等品格,以及在道家美学思想影响下,李安电影在视听风格上所呈现出的意境之美、素朴之美、静谧之美。经过分析,本文得出的结论便是：李安一直试图从造成个体压抑的生存环境与文化环境中逃脱出来,在艺术里寻找自我。艺术使他摆脱生存环境与文化环境的束缚,去寻求心灵的超脱之道。而道家所追求的“道”本身就是一种最高的艺术精神。李安自身的文化构成中儒家与佛家源自于父亲的影响,而道家则是李安的自觉选择。李安在精神上追求的道家个体生命的人格自由、虚静质朴的品格与恬淡自如的山水情怀则自觉或不自觉的呈现在其电影之中,影响其电影的文本、叙事以及视听风格。具体表现为文本上塑造富有道家韵味的人物形象、展现道家人格自由的思想内涵；叙事上追求太极推手般的电影叙事；视听风格上呈现出具有道家美学意味的意境之美、素朴之美、静谧之美。
[Abstract]:As the only Chinese director to win the Oscar for Best Director, Ang Lee has become the object of many scholars at home and abroad. The research theories and achievements of Ang Lee and his films are innumerable and insightful. It is not easy to find a new breakthrough in the study of Ang Lee's films, especially from the angle of culture. On the basis of extensive collection, careful reading and careful analysis of the relevant works and academic papers on Ang Lee and his films, the author finds out the breakthrough point, that is, the analysis of Taoist thoughts in Ang Lee's films. Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism constitute the core of Chinese traditional culture. However, as a native Taoist in China, due to many factors such as history, politics and other factors, compared with Confucianism and Buddhism, slightly inferior. Chinese film directors also rarely take the initiative to present them in the movies. However, as Lin Yutang put it in "Chinese", "the Chinese are Taoist in nature and Confucian in culture, but their Taoism is more than Confucianism." Taoism has been deeply integrated into the soul of the Chinese people, people always intentionally or inadvertently show their soul deep Taoist ideological character. This paper takes Ang Lee's films as the research object, takes the Taoist thought as the foundation, first analyzes from two aspects of Lee's life experience and cultural tendency, explores the connection between Lee'an and Taoism, and concludes that Lee is really influenced by Taoism. And the initiative will be presented in the film. On the basis of this, this paper probes into the characters which are shaped by Ang Lee's films on the level of text and narration, which are full of Taoist characters, which pursue the unlimited freedom of personality, and the narration of Taiji push-hand films, and so on. Under the influence of Taoist aesthetics, Ang Lee's films show the beauty of artistic conception, simplicity and tranquility in audio-visual style. The conclusion of this paper is that Ang Lee has been trying to escape from the living environment and cultural environment which cause individual repression and find himself in art. Art makes him get rid of the bondage of living environment and cultural environment and seek the transcendent way of mind. The Taoist pursuit of Tao itself is the highest artistic spirit. The Confucian and Buddhist schools in Ang Lee's own cultural composition originated from his father's influence, while Taoism was Lee's conscious choice. Lee's spiritual pursuit of the personality freedom of the Taoist individual life, the empty and simple character and tranquil and comfortable landscape feelings are consciously or unconsciously presented in his films, affecting the text, narration and audio-visual style of his films. It is embodied in the creation of Taoist characters in the text, the display of the ideological connotation of Taoist personality freedom, the pursuit of Taiji push-hand film narration in narration. The audiovisual style presents the beauty of artistic conception, simplicity and serenity with Taoist aesthetics.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：J905

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