纪录片《记住乡愁》对乡村文化的构建

发布时间：2019-04-19 06:23

【摘要】：作为电视纪录片的重要组成部分,乡村题材纪录片在我国社会建设中发挥着重要作用。中共十六届五中全会将社会主义新农村建设写进“十一五”规划以来,“三农”问题持续获得社会各界关注。近些年,随着扶贫政策的全面推进以及城镇化速度的加剧,中国乡村呈现出了新面貌,一方面,农民的生活条件日益改善,物质水平明显提高,“新农村”建设如火如荼;另一方面,大量农民背井离乡外出务工,使农村主要劳动力涌进城镇,农村只剩下经济能力老人、孩子和妇女,生产力流失和精神空虚等社会问题接踵而至。从而出现“空心村”,并伴随出现了“留守妇女”“留守儿童”“空巢老人”等名词,这使得社会各界开始关注农村的一个更深层次的问题——乡村文化的衰落。处在社会转型期的中国乡村,其存在的挣扎和矛盾,为农村题材纪录片创作提供了丰厚的土壤。百集大型纪录片《记住乡愁》,便是这个时期乡村题材纪录片的代表。它由中共中央宣传部、住房和城乡建设部、国家新闻出版广电总局、国家文物局联合组织实施,并由中央电视台中文国际频道摄制。该纪录片以现实中的古村落为载体,采取“一村一主题”的拍摄方式,挖掘古村落里的故事,凸显古村落的特色,弘扬中华优秀传统文化。该纪录片采用季播模式,自2015年1月1日第一季开播以来,至今已播放了三季,在海内外引起广泛关注和情感共鸣。本文选择以此纪录片作为研究文本,探讨该纪录片对乡村文化的重构,以期为乡村建设提供启发性思考。本文运用文本分析法与文献研究方法,通过对纪录片的文本的细读,对《记住乡愁》建构的新乡村文化进行了比较全面的解析。论文主要内容如下:绪论部分主要梳理本选题的研究缘起、提出问题、文献综述、研究意义、研究方法以及创新点。第一章为意境构建,从影片的叙事策略、视听语言,以及审美价值,突出了乡村的诗意恬淡;第二章,关系构建,具体分析纪录片中的村民,对其与自我、与社会,以及与自然的关系认知与实践,突出乡村的真善美;第三章,文化构建,从家族文化、民俗文化和乡贤文化三个方面,突出乡村的文化厚重。最后落脚于对乡村文化价值的再认识,充分肯定其在当今乡村建设遭遇困境时的时代价值。“记住”一词本身带有叮嘱的意味,“记住乡愁”是对世人的叮嘱,更是对这个时代的呐喊,但乡村建设真正走出困境需要现实中的多方协力。
[Abstract]:As an important part of TV documentary, rural documentary plays an important role in the social construction of our country. Since the Fifth Plenary session of the 16th CPC Central Committee wrote the construction of new socialist countryside into the Eleventh five-year Plan, the issue of agriculture, rural areas and farmers has been paid close attention to by all walks of life. In recent years, with the comprehensive promotion of poverty alleviation policy and the acceleration of urbanization, China's rural areas have taken on a new look. On the one hand, the living conditions of farmers are improving day by day, the material level is obviously improved, and the construction of "new countryside" is in full swing. On the other hand, a large number of peasants leave their homes to go out to work, so that the main rural labor force flows into cities and towns, leaving only the elderly economically capable, children and women, the loss of productivity and spiritual emptiness and other social problems that ensue one after another. As a result, "hollow village" appeared, accompanied by "left-behind women", "left-behind children", "empty nest elderly" and other terms, which made the society begin to pay attention to a deeper problem in rural areas-the decline of rural culture. The struggle and contradiction in the rural areas of China in the social transition period provide a rich soil for the creation of documentary films on rural subjects. A hundred large-scale documentaries, remember nostalgia, are the representatives of this period's rural documentaries. It was jointly organized by the propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee, the Ministry of Housing, Urban and Rural Development, the State Administration of Press, publication, Radio, Film and Television, and the State Administration of Antiquities, and was filmed by the Chinese International Channel of CCTV. This documentary takes the real ancient village as the carrier, adopts the "one village one theme" shooting way, excavates the story in the ancient village, highlights the ancient village characteristic, carries forward the Chinese outstanding traditional culture. Since the first season of January 1, 2015, the documentary has been broadcast for three seasons, causing widespread concern and emotional resonance at home and abroad. This paper chooses this documentary as the research text to probe into the reconstruction of the rural culture in order to provide enlightening thinking for the rural construction. By means of text analysis and literature research, this paper makes a comprehensive analysis of the new rural culture constructed by remembering nostalgia through the careful reading of documentary texts. The main contents of this paper are as follows: the introduction mainly combs the origin of this topic, puts forward the questions, literature review, research significance, research methods and innovation points. The first chapter is the artistic conception construction, from the film narrative strategy, the audio-visual language, as well as the aesthetic value, has highlighted the countryside poetic tranquility; The second chapter, the construction of the relationship, the specific analysis of the villagers in the documentary, and their relationship with the self, the society, and with the nature of the relationship between cognition and practice, highlight the truth, good and beauty of the countryside; The third chapter, culture construction, from the family culture, folk culture and rural culture three aspects, highlight the village culture. Finally, it is based on the re-understanding of the value of rural culture, and fully affirms the value of the times when the rural construction encounters difficulties. The word "remember" itself implies that "remember nostalgia" is an exhortation to the world as well as a cry of the times, but it takes a lot of cooperation in reality to really get out of the predicament of rural construction.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：J952

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