大学生“宅人”生活特点与心理特点调查研究——兼与非“宅人”比较

发布时间：2018-02-28 11:36

本文关键词： 大学生 “宅人” 生活特点心理特点　出处：《华南理工大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 近年来日益庞大的大学生“宅人”群体,给高校的思想政治教育和心理健康教育工作提出了新的课题。如何认识这一新的族群?他们为什么在人生黄金时期选择放弃传统的社群生活而加入“宅人”族?他们到底处于一种怎样的生存状态?这种选择对其自身、对社会将产生何种影响?作为高校的教育者与管理者,这些问题均亟待解决。为了探寻答案,本研究以高校中普遍存在的“宅人”群体为研究对象展开相关调查。首先,在对相关文献整理和考证的基础上,结合中国大学生的实际情况,对大学生“宅人”的标准进行了界定,并编制了大学生“宅人”生活特点问卷。其次,采用问卷调查法,对大学生“宅人”的生活特点(包括基本生活特点和网络生活特点等)和心理特点(包括人格特征、时间管理倾向和心理健康状况及其相互关系等)进行了实证研究。结果发现: 1、大学生“宅人”普遍存在,学习成绩自我评价越差,大学生选择“宅人”生活的比例越高;与非“宅人”相比,“宅人”的月支出一般在800元以下,处于中低水平。 2、在大学生“宅人”类型中,休闲娱乐型居于首位,其次是兴趣爱好型和以网为生型,再次是无所事事型和酷爱家居型;但与非“宅人”相比,“宅人”更依赖网络。 3、与非“宅人”相比,在专业学习地点以及搜集资料、人际交往、休闲娱乐、就餐、购物、获取资讯和获取求职信息上,大学生“宅人”更倾向于选择非外出或非面对面的方式进行。 4、大学生“宅人”上网的首要目的是看动漫/电影/下载音乐;与非“宅人”相比,“宅人”上网的娱乐性较强,学习性较弱;“宅人”平时从不或偶尔玩网络游戏,休闲、娱乐、放松是玩网络游戏的首要原因。 5、大学生“宅人”经常进行网络交往,QQ、MSN是网络交流的首要方式,熟人是网络交往的首要对象,“宅人”网络交往的信息基本真实,通常真心对待网络交往。 6、大学生“宅人”偶尔或从不网络购物,书籍是网络购物的首选商品,足不出户、省时省力是选择网络购物的首要原因,但与非“宅人”相比,“宅人”更倾向于因惰性而选择网络购物。 7、大学生“宅人”认为,“宅人”群体普遍存在;“宅”只是个人爱好,只是一种生活方式,与别人无关;不爱出门是“宅人”的首要特征;惰性心理、懒得出门是“宅人”形成的首要心理原因;电脑的普及与方便的网络使用、闲暇时间相对充裕和自由是“宅人”形成的主要客观原因;对网络和电脑等次文化产生心理依赖、人际交往能力降低、作息不规律、生活一团糟是“宅人”生活的主要危害;享受独处安静的时光、获得精神上的放松是“宅人”生活的积极影响。 8、与“宅人”相比,非“宅人”更倾向于认为,“宅”不健康,让大学生失去活力和动力;他们对“宅人”群体心理和行为特点的评价更消极;更强调逃避来自现实的压力、在虚拟世界中寻求自我认同和社会认同、不愿或厌恶上班/上学、追求时尚、从众这些心理原因在“宅人”形成中的作用;更强调家庭教育的宽松和学校管理的不足这些客观原因在“宅人”产生中的负面作用;更强调“宅人”生活所带来的以下消极影响,即对网络、电脑等次文化产生心理依赖、人际交往能力降低、性格变得封闭内向、不利于身心健康。 9、大学生“宅男”“宅女”在人格特征上与全国常模存在显著差异;大学生“宅人”的人格特征在性别、年级、专业、城乡、是否独生子女方面存在显著差异;“宅人”与非“宅人”的人格特征也存在显著差异。 10、大学生“宅人”的时间管理倾向在性别、专业方面存在显著差异;“宅人”与非“宅人”的时间管理倾向也存在显著差异。 11、与全国常模相比,大学生“宅人”的心理健康水平普遍偏低;大学生“宅人”的心理健康水平在性别、年级、城乡方面存在显著差异;与非“宅人”相比,大学生“宅人”心理健康状况普遍较差。 12、大学生“宅人”的人格特征与心理健康状况之间显著相关,“宅人”越易激动、焦虑,越内向、羞怯、审慎、拘谨,越易情绪困扰不安、易挫折气馁,其心理健康状况越差;“宅人”时间管理倾向与心理健康状况之间显著相关,“宅人”的时间监控观和时间效能感越差,其心理健康状况越差。最后,根据以上研究结果,从引导大学生“宅人”自主出宅以及指导社会、学校和家长采取有效措施引导大学生“宅人”出宅等方面提出了相关建议与对策,以期为促进大学生“宅人”成人成才提供理论借鉴与实际指导。
[Abstract]:In recent years, increasing the students "Zai" groups, put forward a new topic for the ideological and political education and mental health education. How to understand this new ethnic group in the golden period of life? Why do they choose to give up the traditional community life and join the "home" in the family? What kind of living condition? This choice on its own, will affect the society? As the university educators and managers, these problems are to be solved.
In order to explore the answer, to start the investigation of this study are to the common "home" groups as the research object. Firstly, based on the related literature and research, combined with the actual situation of college students Chinese students, "home" and the standards were defined, and the preparation of the "home" of college students the characteristics of life questionnaire. Secondly, using the method of questionnaire, the life characteristics of college students "home" (including the basic life characteristics and network life characteristics) and psychological characteristics (including personality, time management disposition and mental health and their relationship) to conduct an empirical study.
The results were as follows:
1, college students' "residence" is prevalent. The poorer self-evaluation of academic achievement is, the higher the proportion of college students choose to live in. The monthly expenditure of "house owners" is generally below 800 yuan, which is at a low level.
2, in the type of college students, the leisure and entertainment type is the top priority, followed by interest oriented and Internet based lifestyle, and the latter is idle and family oriented. However, compared with non "house owners", "Zhai people" rely more on the Internet.
3, compared with non resident people, college students prefer to choose non outdoor or non face-to-face ways in terms of professional learning sites, data collection, interpersonal communication, entertainment and entertainment, dining, shopping, getting information and getting job information.
4, the primary purpose of college students "home" and the Internet is watching anime / movies / music downloads; compared with the "home", "home" and the internet entertainment is strong, learning is weak; "home" and usually never or occasionally playing online games, leisure, entertainment, relaxation is the primary reason to play online in the game.
5, college students "home people" often interact online. QQ, MSN is the primary way of network communication. Acquaintances are the primary objects of online communication. The information of "Networking" is basically real, and they usually treat network interaction sincerely.
6, college students "indoors" occasionally or never online shopping. Books are the first choice of online shopping. Staying at home, saving time and energy is the primary reason for choosing online shopping. But compared with non "house owners", "Zhai people" prefer to choose online shopping because of inertia.
7 college students, "home", "common home" group; "home" is just a personal hobby, is a way of life, nothing to do with others; the main features of love go out is "home"; psychological inertia, too lazy to go out is "primary mental home" and the reasons for the formation of computer; the popular and convenient use of the network, abundance of free time and freedom is the main objective reasons home "is formed; psychological dependence on computer network and other culture, reduce interpersonal skills, irregular work and rest, life is" main harm home "life; enjoy quiet time alone, get the spirit of relaxation is" positive affect home "life.
8, compared with the "home", "home" and more inclined to think that the "house" is not healthy, let students lose vitality and power; their evaluation of "home" groups of psychological and behavioral features more negative; more emphasis on escape from the pressure of reality, seeking self identity and social identity in the virtual in the world, unwilling or aversion to work / school, the pursuit of fashion, from the role of these psychological reasons in the "home" in the formation of negative effects; lack of more emphasis on family education and school management loose these objective reasons in the "home" in the production; more emphasis on "the negative impact of home life that is, the computer network, such as cultural psychological dependence, reduce the ability of interpersonal communication, the character becomes closed within, is not conducive to physical and mental health.
9, college students "Indoorsman" and "Indoorswoman" in personality and the national norm have significant differences; personality characteristics of college students "home" in gender, grade, professional, urban and rural areas, whether there are significant differences in the only child; "home" and "home" personality characteristics have significant difference.
10, there are significant differences in the time management tendencies of college students in "housing" between the sexes and professionals. There are also significant differences in the time management tendencies between "house owners" and "non residents".
11, compared with the national norm, the mental health level of college students is generally low. The mental health level of college students is significantly different in gender, grade, and urban and rural areas.
12, a significant correlation between personality characteristics and mental health status of college students "home", "home" and more easily excited, anxious, introverted, shy, prudent, cautious, more prone to emotional distress uneasiness, frustration easily discouraged, their mental health is worse; "a significant correlation between the home" time physical orientation and psychological health status, "time monitoring home" concept and the sense of time efficacy is poor, their mental health is worse.
Finally, according to the above research results, to guide students from "home" independent out of house and guide the society, schools and parents to take effective measures to guide students to "home" and the relevant recommendations and countermeasures from the aspects of the house, in order to provide theoretical reference and practical guidance for Promoting College students "home" and become adults.

【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：G645.5

【引证文献】