交互式高速公路视景仿真系统关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-04-10 09:01

本文选题：高速公路视景仿真　切入点：地形生成　出处：《武汉理工大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着国民经济的快速增长及交通事业的迅猛发展,我国公路建设进入了新的发展时期,国内拟建及在建的高速公路大量增加。为了提高高速公路交通安全性,及早发现并修正项目方案中的安全隐患,从而设计或改造出具备较高安全性的道路,基于汽车驾驶模拟器的高速公路安全性评价成为重要的研究课题。在交通安全仿真评价实验中,大规模高速公路三维视景仿真成为其中的关键。高速公路视景仿真软件不仅可以作为高速公路安全性评价的基础,同时还可以作为项目招标过程中的效果演示及工程完工后的展示,具有重要的研究意义。本研究在真实的地形和道路数据基础上,研究了大规模高速公路场景的整体划分方案、基于CAD数据的大规模地形快速生成方法、地形和道路匹配算法。并研究了一套快速构建高速公路视景仿真系统的框架模型,基于六武高速公路设计数据生成了六武高速公路视景仿真系统,研究的主要内容包括以下几个方面。 (1)研究了大规模高速公路场景的整体划分方案。一般高速公路修建的非常长,决定了高速公路场景的大规模特性。为了对场景进行有效的组织,减少计算机内存的消耗,提高渲染效率,必须对整个高速公路场景进行划分。基于高速公路线性、狭长的特性,本文提出了按照高速公路线形走势进行场景划分,并给出了场景整体划分的方案。 (2)研究了基于真实地形数据的地形生成技术。高速公路视景仿真中地形仿真是最重要的部分,为了能够真实再现高速公路周边的地形场景必须采用地形原始数据来生成地形。本文基于CAD地形原始数据,分析了DXF文件格式,研究了离散点提取算法对离散点进行提取。然后采用surfit软件对提取出的离散点进行插值生成格网地形模型,同时研究了格网地形模型的渲染及多重纹理映射技术,并研究了多块地形之间的边缘融合算法解决了多块地形之间的拼接问题。 (3)研究了地形与路面匹配问题。在高速公路视景仿真过程中,道路和地形模型是分别通过不同的方式建立的,由于地形数据是在高速公路未建设之前航拍得到的,而在道路修建的过程中需要对地形进行填挖处理,因此建立的地形与路面模型存在不匹配的问题,需要对地形与路面进行匹配。本文根据高速公路仿真中建立的地形与道路模型,提出了基于格网模型的地形与道路匹配算法。 (4)研究了高速公路视景仿真框架模型。为了能够快速构建高速公路视景仿真系统,本文研究了基于数据驱动的高速公路视景仿真框架,采用动态调度策略解决了大规模高速公路场景的实时漫游问题,并研究了基于道路线形的高速公路自动漫游方案,采用球面线性插值解决了自动漫游过程中的抖动问题。结合六武高速公路设计数据实现了六武高速公路视景仿真系统。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the rapid growth of the national economy and transportation, highway construction in China has entered a new period of development, and the domestic highway under construction increased significantly. In order to improve the highway traffic safety, early detection and correction of the project of security risks, so as to design or modify the way to have a high level of security, the highway safety evaluation based on vehicle driving simulator has become an important research topic. In the evaluation of traffic safety in the simulation experiment, the large-scale highway 3D scene simulation has become one of the key highway. The visual simulation software not only can be used as the basis of highway safety evaluation, and also can be used as the demonstration project bidding process and engineering after the completion of the exhibition, the research has important significance.
In this study, the terrain and the road of real data based on the overall scheme of division, the large-scale highway scene, fast generation of large scale terrain based on CAD data, terrain and road matching algorithm. And studies a set of rapid construction of highway scene simulation system framework model of the system, six Wu highway design data generated six Wuhan the visual simulation system based on the main research contents include the following aspects.
(1) the overall scheme of large-scale highway scene. General freeway is very long, determines the characteristics of large-scale highway scenes. In order to effectively organize the scene, reduce memory consumption, improve rendering efficiency, it is necessary to partition the whole highway scene. Based on the characteristics of highway linear, narrow, the the scene is divided according to the highway alignment trend, and gives the whole scene division scheme.
(2) the study of terrain generation techniques based on real terrain data. The visual terrain simulation scene simulation is the most important part, in order to be able to reproduce the expressway surrounding terrain scene must use the original terrain data to generate terrain. The terrain data based on CAD, analyzes the DXF file format, studies the extraction algorithm of discrete point extraction of discrete points. Then surfit software was used to generate mesh model of discrete points extracted at the same time, study the grid model of terrain rendering and texture mapping technology, and study the multi block terrain edge fusion algorithm to solve the problems of splicing between the terrain.
(3) to study the terrain matching problem in highway and pavement. The visual simulation of road and terrain model is established respectively through different ways, because of the terrain data is obtained before the construction of the aerial highway, the need for terrain excavation process in the construction of roads, so the terrain and road the model does not match the problem, it is necessary to match the terrain and pavement. According to the terrain and road model in the simulation of highway, road and terrain matching algorithm is proposed based on grid model.
(4) on the freeway scene simulation model. In order to be able to quickly build a visual simulation system of expressway, this paper studies the data driven highway scene simulation framework based on the dynamic scheduling strategy to solve the problem of real-time roaming of large-scale highway scene, and study the automatic roaming scheme of road alignment of highway based on the spherical linear to solve the problem of automatic interpolation jitter in the roaming process. To achieve the six Wu highway scene simulation system with six Wu highway design data.

【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：TP391.41

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