流体仿真在火灾场景模拟中的研究与实现

发布时间：2018-06-16 17:48

本文选题：流体 + N-S方程　；参考：《电子科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：流体仿真一直以来都是计算机图形学研究的热点问题,它的足迹遍布虚拟现实、游戏动漫、影视娱乐等诸多方面。在虚拟现实领域,烟雾、火焰等自然现象的模拟是计算机图形学研究领域内的热点和难点。火焰和烟雾同自然界中的大多数无规则景物一样,外形是随机变化的。它们看起来简单,实际上它们的形态展示和运动方程都非常复杂,很难用常规的建模方法和模拟算法来实现。但也正因为如此,在计算机上真实的再现火焰和烟雾的模拟效果,一直都是计算机图形学研究领域内最具有挑战性和趣味性的工作之一。本文首先对流体仿真的理论和相关技术进行深入的研究与分析,然后设计并实现了一个火灾场景模拟系统。本文的创新之处在于:提出了一种基于Navier-Stokes(本文中简写为N-S)方程与GPU计算的火焰模拟方法、对烟雾的绘制方法进行改进,本文的主要内容有:1、针对于火焰的物理属性与运动特征,在充分考虑火焰模拟的真实感与实时性的情况下,提出了一种基于N-S方程与GPU计算的火焰模拟方法。该方法采用MacCormack方法求解N-S方程的对流项,采用基于GPU的Jacobi迭代法求解N-S方程的压力项,最后运用基于光线投射算法的体绘制方法对火焰进行渲染,并在GPU上实现。该方法在保证火焰真实感的情况下,能够达到较好的实时性。2、结合本文的实际情况,对火焰的物理模型方程进行求解。求解的主要过程有:采用MacCormack方法实现N-S方程的对流项的求解、采用基于GPU的Jacobi迭代法实现N-S方程的压力项的求解。3、根据烟雾的运动特点,并结合本文中的实际情况,对烟雾的绘制方法进行改进:采用实验数据来代替烟雾的浓度场流体方程的求解结果,再运用基于光线投射算法的体绘制方法对实验数据里面每一帧中的每一个像素点进行绘制,并在GPU上实现。然后,基于本文之前的研究内容,实现了一个火灾场景模拟系统,并对系统进行了测试与分析。最后,对本文目前所取得的成果进行了总结概括,并对未来的工作方向进行了展望。
[Abstract]:Fluid simulation has always been a hot topic in computer graphics research, and its footprints are all over virtual reality, game animation, film and television entertainment and so on. In the field of virtual reality, the simulation of natural phenomena such as smoke and flame is a hot and difficult point in the field of computer graphics. Fire and smoke, like most irregular scenes in nature, are random in shape. They look simple, in fact, their form presentation and motion equation are very complicated, and it is difficult to use the conventional modeling method and simulation algorithm to implement them. But because of this, the simulation effect of reproducing flame and smoke on the computer is always one of the most challenging and interesting work in the field of computer graphics. In this paper, the theory and related techniques of fluid simulation are studied and analyzed, and then a fire scene simulation system is designed and implemented. The innovation of this paper lies in: a flame simulation method based on Navier-Stokes equation and GPU calculation is proposed, and the smoke rendering method is improved. The main content of this paper is: 1, aiming at the physical properties and motion characteristics of flame. In this paper, a flame simulation method based on N-S equation and GPU is proposed, considering the real time and real time of flame simulation. The MacCormack method is used to solve the convection term of N-S equation, the Jacobi iteration method based on GPU is used to solve the pressure term of N-S equation, and the volume rendering method based on ray-casting algorithm is used to render the flame, which is implemented on GPU. Under the condition of ensuring the real sense of flame, this method can achieve better real-time. 2. Combined with the actual situation in this paper, the physical model equation of flame is solved. The main processes are as follows: MacCormack method is used to solve the flow term of N-S equation, Jacobi iteration method based on GPU is used to solve the pressure term of N-S equation. The method of smoke rendering is improved: the experimental data is used to replace the solution result of the fluid equation of smoke concentration field. Then the volume rendering method based on ray-casting algorithm is applied to each pixel point in each frame of experimental data and implemented on GPU. Then, based on the previous research, a fire scene simulation system is implemented, and the system is tested and analyzed. Finally, the paper summarizes the achievements of this paper and looks forward to the future work direction.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TP391.41

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