现代汉语可逆句式研究

发布时间：2018-01-11 08:02

本文关键词：现代汉语可逆句式研究　出处：《陕西师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：由于人们逻辑思维和语言习惯等各种因素的影响,现代汉语有着严格的语序要求,一般而言,主语位于动词的前面,而宾语则位于动词的后面,其位置是相对稳定的,但是,可逆句的存在则完全打破了这种句法格局,从而引起了汉语语法学界的关注。作为一种现代汉语语法系统中具有较高识别度的句法现象,其特征是动词前后的名词性成分位置交换之后,句子的逻辑真值的意义基本没有变化,如：“十个人吃一锅饭。←→一锅饭吃十个人。”“大地覆盖着白雪。←→白雪覆盖着大地。”等等。从建国初期,汉语学家对可逆句的研究便不断深入,对其性质、类型以及主宾可逆的动因进行了探讨阐释,但是受各种条件的限制,前贤们的解释面还不够宽泛,仍然存在一些无法排除例外现象的情况。本文就是在前人成果的基础上,充分发掘现有的材料,展开尝试性研究的。主要内容如下：第一章绪论。本章首先对可逆句式的研究概况进行回顾,包括性质、分类等,在此基础上进一步指出了本文的研究对象以及研究中所要注意的问题,最后阐明研究意义,并简单说明文中的语料来源。第二章可逆句的类型。本章在可逆句式分类研究的基础上,尝试从句子结构和动词的语义特征相结合的角度重新分类。第三章可逆句主宾异位后a式与b式的比较。本章从语义和语用两个角度分析各种类型的可逆句主宾异位后产生的差异,从而证明可逆句中的“基本不变”中的变化情况。第四章影响可逆句成立的因素分析。本章从句法条件、语义条件以及语用条件等方面综合考察了影响可逆句成立的因素。第五章动态语篇下可逆句的选择。本章在动态语篇下考察这一句式,分析篇章环境的影响对于可逆句式a式与b式的选择。第六章从可逆句的存在看语言类型学的语序问题。本章运用语言类型学的相关理论,对比英语和汉语的语序问题,进一步明确语序的重要性。第七章结语。总结本文研究的创新和不足之处。
[Abstract]:Because of the influence of various factors such as logical thinking and language habit , modern Chinese has strict order requirement . In general , the subject is located in the front of the verb , and the object is located in the back of the verb , and its position is relatively stable . The first chapter introduces the research situation of the reversible sentence , including the nature , the classification and so on . On the basis of this , the paper further points out the research object and the problems to be noticed in the study , and finally clarifies the significance of the research and the source of the corpus in the text . The second chapter , on the basis of the research of reversible sentence classification , tries to re - classify from the angle of sentence structure and semantic features of verbs . In chapter 3 , a comparison of the " a - type " and " b - type " of a reversible sentence in a reversible sentence is made . This chapter analyzes the differences of the various types of reversible sentence subject - ins from two angles of semantics and pragmatics , thus proving the change of " basic change " in the reversible sentence . The fourth chapter analyzes the factors that influence the establishment of the reversible sentence . This chapter comprehensively studies the factors that influence the establishment of the reversible sentence from the syntactic condition , the semantic conditions and the pragmatic conditions . Chapter 5 The choice of the reversible sentence in dynamic text . This chapter investigates the sentence in dynamic text , analyzes the influence of chapter environment on the selection of the reversible sentence pattern a and b . The sixth chapter , from the existence of the reversible sentence , looks at the question of the order of language type . This chapter applies the relevant theories of language type science , compares English and Chinese language order problems , and makes clear the importance of the word order . Chapter 7 Conclusion : To sum up the innovations and shortcomings of this paper .

【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H146.3

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