汉语疑问词岛效应的语用预设新解

发布时间：2018-01-25 12:50

本文关键词： 汉语疑问词岛效应语用预设焦点逻辑式移位　出处：《中南大学学报(社会科学版)》2013年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：原因疑问词"为什么"与其它疑问词不同,它遵守岛效应,不能在复合名词组、主语、附加语等岛外解释。这种差异与原因问句的预设有关。"谁""什么""哪里""什么时候""怎么样"这五个疑问词都是具有疑问性质的存在量词,其答句用来确定存在量词的值。原因问句的预设中不包含任何存在量词,其预设是陈述句,而且该陈述句的命题值为真。原因问句的提问对象随句子焦点的变化而变化,其答句解释焦点优于选项命题集合中其它成员的原因。原因疑问词"为什么"的辖域位置与句法位置相同,因此在逻辑式不移位,无法在岛外解释。
[Abstract]:The reason interrogative word "why" is different from other interrogative words. It obeys the island effect and cannot be used in compound noun phrases or subjects. This difference is related to the presupposition of the reason question. The five interrogative words "who", "what", "where", "when" and "how" are all existential quantifiers with the nature of doubt. The answer is used to determine the value of the existential quantifier. The presupposition of the reason question does not contain any existential quantifier, but the presupposition is the declarative sentence. Moreover, the propositional value of the statement is true. The question object of the reason question changes with the change of the sentence focus. The explanation focus of the answer is superior to that of the other members in the set of options.The reason question "why" has the same position as the syntactic position, so it can not be interpreted outside the island because it is not shifted logically.
【作者单位】：中南大学外国语学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(11YJC740121) 湖南省社科基金(11YBA328) 教育部中央高校青年教师助推项目(2011QNZT223) 中南大学研究生教育教学改革研究课题(2012jg06)
【分类号】：H146
【正文快照】： 一、引言移位是生成语法框架内重要的句法操作,名词组移位将名词移到IP的指示语位置,疑问词移位将疑问词移到CP的指示语位置。然而,移位还必须遵循一系列的限制规则。比如,英语疑问词移位遵守岛效应,疑问词不能从复合名词组、主语、附加语等短语中移出,请看下列例句。(1)a.*Wh

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