新中国成立以来“同志”、“先生”、“师傅”称谓语研究

发布时间：2018-01-26 13:08

本文关键词： 同志先生师傅称谓语通称　出处：《内蒙古大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：新中国成立以来,汉语的通称使用发生了巨大的变化,旧有的社会通称用语随着社会制度的更替而消失,“同志”、“先生”、“师傅”这三个称谓语以新的面貌承担了新中国成立后汉语主要通称用语的角色。本文将以新中国成立以来至今为时问限定对“同志”、“先生”、“师傅”这三个称谓语的使用作系统全而的研究。由于“同志”、“先生”、“师傅”这三个称谓语在新中国成立以来随着时代的变化经历了复杂的演变过程,所以笔者认为它们的使用状况可以划分为三个时期来进行分析研究。这三个时期分别是：新中国成立初期、文革时期、改革开放以来。在这三个时期,它们的使用状况各不相同,具体表现为：1、新中国成立初期,“同志”居于通称的主导地位,“先生”、“师傅”也作为通称被人们使用。2、文革时期,“师傅”取代了“同志”成为当时社会的主要通称用语,“同志”、“先生”则退居二线。3、改革开放以来,“同志”、“先生”、“师傅”这三个称谓语虽然还在一定范围内被人们使用,但是它们的使用频率已经明显降低,它们的语义色彩也发生了变化,除“先生”以新的语义面貌展现在人们面前,被人们大量使用,“同志”、“师傅”分别回到了各自的使用领域。最后,分别从时代色彩、使用原则和称谓语义域的挤压与竞争这三个方面对新中国成立以来“同志”、“先生”、“师傅”这三个称谓语的使用特点进行了分析、归纳和总结。 “同志”、“先生”、“师傅”这三个称谓语的使用具有鲜明的时代特征。本文试图通过文学作品和一些语用实例对它们在不同时期的使用状况进行分析研究,揭示新中国成立以来不同时期汉语通称的使用状况,以及它们在当今社会发生的巨大的变化。
[Abstract]:Since the founding of the people's Republic of China, great changes have taken place in the use of general terms in Chinese. The old social terms disappeared with the change of social system, "comrades" and "sir". The three appellations "Shifu" assumed the role of the main general terms in Chinese after the founding of New China. This article will limit the use of "comrade", "sir" and "master" to the whole system since the founding of the people's Republic of China.Because of "comrade", "sir". Since the founding of New China, the three appellations of "Master" have undergone a complex process of evolution with the development of the times, so the author thinks that their use can be divided into three periods for analysis and study. The three periods are: the founding of New China, the Cultural Revolution period, since the reform and opening up. In these three periods, their use status is different, the specific performance is: 1, the founding of New China. "comrade" occupies the leading position of the general term, "sir" and "master" are also used as general terms. During the Cultural Revolution, "Master" replaced "comrade" as the main term of the society at that time. Since the reform and opening up, the three appellations of "comrade", "sir" and "master" have been used in a certain range. But the frequency of their use has been obviously reduced, their semantic color has also changed, except "Mr." with a new semantic face to show in front of people, people are used in a large number, "comrades". Finally, from the color of the times, the principle of use and the squeezing and competition of the semantic domain of appellation, "comrades" and "sir" since the founding of New China. The characteristics of the use of the three appellations, Shifu, are analyzed, summarized and summarized. Comrade, sir. The use of the three appellations "Shifu" has distinctive characteristics of the times. This paper attempts to make an analysis of their use in different periods through literary works and some pragmatic examples. This paper reveals the usage of Chinese generic terms in different periods since the founding of New China and the great changes that have taken place in today's society.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H136

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