从后殖民主义视角研究《印度之行》的三个中文译本

发布时间：2018-01-31 16:29

本文关键词： 后殖民理论后殖民翻译研究东方主义殖民话语印度文化《印度之行》　出处：《华东师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：后殖民理论关注文化地位的差异,文化之间的权力斗争以及一系列关于文化和权力差异的问题,如种族歧视,文化帝国主义,文化身份等。后殖民翻译研究发轫于20世纪80年代中后期,源自后殖民理论,承袭了后殖民批评中的文化政治批评话语。在后殖民语境下,翻译不再是一个客观地实现文本间语义对等的纯语言过程。后殖民翻译研究跳出传统翻译研究的藩篱,否定了传统译论中关于语言文化平等的乌托邦理论假设,开始探讨译本对目的语文化的颠覆作用以及影响译本生成的外部制约因素,如意识形态,权力差异,政治文化冲突等。后殖民翻译研究关注不同民族,不同语言文化之间的不平等权力关系,并指出翻译在很多方面已沦为殖民工具,但是同时翻译已被用于,也应该被用于颠覆殖民统治,反抗后殖民权力。译者作为影响译作产生的关键因素,在后殖民语境下扮演着不同的角色,是毫无抵抗地直接接受了殖民话语,延续了殖民主义,沦为殖民者的帮凶,或是通过自身的“抵抗”,“在场”或“可见”成为抵抗殖民统治,反抗后殖民权力的主体力量。本文以后殖民理论和后殖民翻译研究为基础,主要从两大视角观察《印度之行》三个译本的译者对小说中福斯特的殖民话语的态度(接受,或是抵制),并审视译者对小说中印度文化的态度。本文选取的三个中文译本来自不同的译者。第一个译本出版于1988年,由石幼珊,马志行,董冀平合译；第二个译本于1990年出版,由杨自俭和邵翠英合译；第三个译本由杨自检重译,付梓于2003年,于2008年重印。本文观察对比了不同的译者在译本中对小说里福斯特的殖民话语以及对印度文化元素的处理方式,从而挖掘出不同译者在对福斯特的殖民话语的态度上存在的差异,以及他们对印度文化方面的态度差异,并从译者内部因素和译者外部条件出发分析了这些差异的原因。本文审视了不同译者的态度差异,概况出一个典型的翻译现象——中国译者由于受到翻译忠实原则的羁绊,对于小说中福斯特的殖民话语,他们不会采取激进的方式进行完全的反抗,而是采取部分的抵抗,主要通过温和、隐秘的方式来削弱这些殖民话语。通过观察杨自俭对印度文化及对西方文化的态度,本文预期杂糅作为一种解殖理念,一种丰富人类社会的途径,在未来的翻译领域将会备受推崇。
[Abstract]:Post-colonial theory focuses on differences in cultural status, power struggles between cultures, and a series of issues related to cultural and power differences, such as racial discrimination and cultural imperialism. Cultural identity and so on. Post-colonial translation studies began in the middle and late period of 1980s, derived from post-colonial theory, and inherited the discourse of cultural and political criticism in post-colonial criticism, in the post-colonial context. Translation is no longer a purely linguistic process that objectively realizes semantic equivalence between texts. Post-colonial translation studies have jumped out of the traditional barriers of translation studies and denied the Utopian hypothesis of linguistic and cultural equality in traditional translation theory. This paper begins to explore the subversive effect of the translation on the target language culture and the external constraints affecting the generation of the target language, such as ideology, power differences, political and cultural conflicts, etc. Post-colonial translation studies focus on different nationalities. The unequal power relationship between different languages and cultures points out that translation has become a colonial tool in many ways but at the same time translation has been used and should be used to subvert colonial rule. The translator, as the key factor influencing the production of the translation, plays a different role in the post-colonial context and accepts the colonial discourse directly without resistance, thus perpetuating colonialism. To become an accomplice of colonists, or through their own "resistance", "presence" or "visible" to resist colonial rule, resistance to post-colonial power of the main force. Based on the post-colonial theory and the post-colonial translation study, this paper mainly looks at the attitude (acceptance or resistance) of the three versions of "the Journey to India" towards Foster's colonial discourse in the novel from two perspectives. The first version, published in 1988, was translated by Shi Youshan, Ma Zhixing, Dong Jiping and translated by Shi Youshan, Ma Zhixing and Dong Jiping. The second version was published in 1990 and translated by Yang Zijian and Shao Cui-ying. The third version was retranslated by Yang Zichen and went to press on 2003. Reprinted in 2008, this paper examines and compares the colonial discourse of Foster in the novel and the treatment of Indian cultural elements in different translators' versions. Therefore, we can find out the differences between different translators in their attitudes towards Foster's colonial discourse and their attitudes towards Indian culture. The author also analyzes the causes of these differences from the perspective of the translator's internal factors and the translator's external conditions. A typical translation phenomenon is that Chinese translators, because they are bound by the principle of faithfulness in translation, do not take radical measures to resist the colonial discourse of Foster in the novel. By observing Yang Zi-jian 's attitude towards Indian culture and Western culture, this paper is expected to combine it as a concept of colonization. A way to enrich human society will be highly regarded in the field of translation in the future.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H059

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