现代汉语动词指称化研究

发布时间：2018-01-31 19:16

本文关键词： 动词指称化词汇层面句法层面词性标注　出处：《南京大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文以现代汉语动词指称化为研究对象,指称化现象一直是汉语中比较有争议的一个问题。随着汉语词典开始对词进行词性标注,动词指称化这一现象也是词性标注过程中绕不开的一个问题与难题。本文对现代汉语动词指称化现象展开的研究,系统地从词汇层面和句法层面高两个角度对现代汉语动词的指称化现象进行了考察,希望通过本文的考察,能够对词典编纂工作有一定的帮助,尤其是对词典中的词性标注问题能够有一定的帮助。第一章是绪论,主要是总结现有的研究成果与分析现有研究的不足。分别介绍了研究对象、研究目的与意义、研究方法等问题,同时对于文中会应用到的一些理论进行了简要阐述。第二章是从词汇层面上对动词指称化的现象进行的分析。词汇层面的指称化,根据转指角色,可以分为“施事”、“受事”、“工具”、“结果”等等,依据标记,可以分为有标记的转指和无标记的转指。本文首先以音节的单双为标准,将动词分为单音节动词和双音节动词来进行分类讨论。再以有无形式标记为分类标准,对动词指称化现象进行系统的描述与分类。第三章是从句法层面上对动词指称化现象进行的研究。分别讨论了动词在主宾语位置和“N的V”结构中的指称化情况。我们将单双音节动词在主宾语位置上的指称化,分为两种：一为“部分指称化”,动词在主宾语位置上仍保留有动词语法特征；二为“完全指称化”,动词在主宾语位置上不再具有动词的语法特征,而是体现出了名词的语法特征。第四章是将指称化与词典中词性的标注结合起来进行的研究。对《现代汉语词典》一些动词指称化的词性标注问题进行了讨论,词性体现的是词的语法功能,因此,词性的标注对词典编纂的影响之一就是义项的设立,本文讨论的是关于动词指称化后的义项设立问题,以及动名义项排序问题进行了讨论。词汇层面的指称化,在词典的编纂中,其名词义项的设立基本没有异议,但是在词典中动名义项的设立上,应遵循先动后名的原则,从而使得词典在整体体例上比较协调。句法层面的指称化,因为多为动词自指,在动词自指是否要设立其名词义项时,不同的词典编纂可以依据不同的标准,决定是否设立。第五章是结语,总结了动词指称化的研究以及词典的编纂工作。得出词汇层面的指称化现象基本可以在词典中设立其相应的名词义项,而句法层面的指称化要根据具体的编纂标准而决定是否要设立其名词义项。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the reference of modern Chinese verbs as the object of study, referential phenomenon has been a more controversial issue in Chinese, with the Chinese dictionary began to annotate words in part of speech. The phenomenon of verb referentification is also an inextricable problem and difficult problem in the process of part of speech tagging. This paper systematically studies the referential phenomenon of modern Chinese verbs from the lexical and syntactic perspectives, hoping that this study can be of some help to the dictionary compilation work. In particular, it can be helpful to the problem of part of speech tagging in dictionaries. The first chapter is an introduction, mainly summarizes the existing research results and analyzes the shortcomings of existing research. Research purpose and significance, research methods and other issues. At the same time, some theories that will be applied in this paper are briefly expounded. The second chapter is the analysis of the phenomenon of verb referentification from the lexical level. It can be divided into "agent", "patient", "tool", "result" and so on. According to the mark, it can be divided into marked transfer and unmarked transfer. The verbs are classified into monosyllabic verbs and disyllabic verbs. The third chapter studies the verb referential phenomenon from the syntactic level, and discusses the verb position in the subject object and the "V of N", respectively. We refer to monosyllabic verbs in the position of subject and object. There are two kinds of verbs: one is "partial referential", the verb still retains the grammatical feature of verb in the position of subject and object; Second, "completely referential", the verb in the position of subject and object no longer has the grammatical characteristics of the verb. Chapter 4th is a study on the combination of referential and lexicographic tagging of part of speech. This paper discusses the problem of part of speech tagging of some verbs in Modern Chinese Dictionary. Part of speech reflects the grammatical function of words. Therefore, one of the effects of tagging of part of speech on lexicography is the establishment of meanings. In the lexical compilation, there is no objection to the establishment of the noun meaning, but in the dictionary, the nominally moving term is established. We should follow the principle of first moving before name, so that the dictionary in the overall style more coordinated. Syntactic level of referential, because most of the verb self-reference, in the verb self-reference whether to set up its noun meaning. Different dictionaries can be compiled according to different criteria to decide whether to establish. 5th chapter is the conclusion. This paper summarizes the study of verb referentification and the compilation of dictionaries. It is concluded that the lexical level of referential phenomenon can basically set up its corresponding noun meanings in the dictionary. On the other hand, the nominalization of syntactic level should be decided according to the specific standard of compilation.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H146

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