叹词的本质——代句词

发布时间：2018-02-02 14:24

本文关键词： 叹词代句词句类语音象似性生理直觉反应　出处：《世界汉语教学》2011年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】："叹词"的名称及对叹词的传统理解(表示感叹)不足以概括符合叹词句法功能(不能与其他词组合)的诸多词汇成员的共性。本文参考国内外叹词研究的一些新见,明确提出叹词的本质是代句词,在词类中与代词的性质最接近:代词代替词语,叹词代替句子。叹词单词成句的功能具有一定的原始性,在语音上也超出常规音系,有一些词形体现了语音象似性或直觉生理反应。叹词能代替的句子功能类别包括陈述(包括直指提示、应答等)、疑问、祈使、感叹、称呼等。文章以汉语普通话及方言的用例一一展示了叹词的这些代句功能。
[Abstract]:The name of "interjection" and the traditional understanding of "interjection" (indicating interjection) are not sufficient to generalize syntactic functions of interjections (cannot be combined with other words). This paper refers to some new ideas of interjection research at home and abroad. It is pointed out that the essence of interjections is the generation words, which are the most close to the pronouns in parts of speech: pronouns replace words, interjections replace sentences, and the function of interjections into sentences is primitive to a certain extent. The phonetics are also beyond the normal phonological system, some words reflect the phonetics iconicity or intuitionistic physiological response. The functional categories of sentences which can be replaced by interjections include statements (including direct cues, responses, etc.), questions and imperatives. In this paper, the functions of interjections are demonstrated by using Chinese Putonghua and dialect cases.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院语言研究所;
【基金】：中国社会科学院B类重点项目“语言库藏类型学”资助
【分类号】：H146
【正文快照】： 一对叹词的传统看法和近年新见叹词(interjection),又称感叹词,是词类系统中最特殊的类别,也可能是最古老的类别或“语言化”(linguisticization)程度最低的类别(详后)。词类划分最重要的依据是词的句法功能,尤其是与其他词类的组合功能,而叹词的特殊之处就在于它是词类系统

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