汉语代词和连词的语义关系

发布时间：2018-02-02 14:38

本文关键词： 代词连词语义关系语法化　出处：《温州大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文旨在运用认知语言学的基本概念和理论，从语法、语义角度考察汉语连词系统的一个重要来源，，探索汉语连词的语义发展模式，以期深化对连词成因的认识。我们的目的是通过代词与连词关系的研究以及对语义发展的追溯和描写来发现汉语连词发展过程中的独特性，归纳其语义发展模式,拟通过三部分来论述。第一部分概述了前贤对于代词及由代词发展而来的连词的研究成果，同时，也阐述了本文的研究意义、研究方法以及语料来源等。第二部分，探讨偏正连词和联合连词中直接来自代词或者由代词充当语素的连词的使用情况、来源及其发展历程。与代词相关的融合，主要有介宾词组和动宾词组两类，融合产生的有因果连词“既然、因此、所以、以此、为此、由此”，承接连词“于是、若夫、及夫、那么”，并列连词“及其”，选择连词“与其、或者”，转折连词“然而、虽然、然则、然是”，递进连词“加之”等。这类融合有两个特点：第一个特点与代词的演化相同，即起初是通过回指衔接上文，逐步产生连词的语法功能。第二个特点是在融合过程中，连词作用主要来源于代词，连词表示的逻辑关系则主要来源于介词或动词，如“因此”、“以此”等表示因果关系，“因”、“以”来源于介词，都表示“凭借”的词语意义，在融合过程中，“因”、“以”的介词意义引申为表原因，代词“此”由指代上文内容逐步虚化、泛化，遂产生因果连词功能；又如“加之”表示递进关系，连接功能主要来源于“加”的动词意义，“之”指代上文内容，在融合过程中虚化、泛化。“于是”的“于”做介词一般用于引进时间、处所、对象等，词语意义较虚，融合过程中没有加入新的语义，演化为连词后表示承接，和代词单独演化一致。第三部分是结语部分，在各部分研究的基础上，我们得出结论。本文对代词及其由代词演变而来的连词之间的语义关系，以类相从，逐个考察，细致描述了在语法化过程中每一不同时期各个连词与代词之间的语义关系。
[Abstract]:Based on the basic concepts and theories of cognitive linguistics, this paper aims to investigate an important source of Chinese conjunctions system from the perspective of grammar and semantics, and to explore the semantic development model of Chinese conjunctions. In order to deepen the understanding of the causes of conjunctions. Our purpose is to find out the uniqueness of the development of Chinese conjunctions by studying the relationship between pronouns and conjunctions and tracing and describing the semantic development of Chinese conjunctions, and to sum up their semantic development patterns, which will be discussed in three parts. In the first part, the author summarizes the research results of pronouns and conjunctions developed from pronouns. At the same time, it also expounds the significance, research methods and data sources of this paper. The second part discusses the usage, origin and development of conjunctions that come directly from pronouns or use pronouns as morphemes in partial conjunctions and joint conjunctions. There are mainly two kinds of the introduction object phrase and the verb-object phrase, the fusion produces the causality conjunction "since, therefore, therefore, therefore, therefore, therefore, therefore, thus", undertakes the conjunction "then, if, if the husband, then". Juxtaposition conjunctions "and its", choosing conjunctions "and its, or", turning conjunctions "however, are, however," progressive conjunctions "plus". This kind of fusion has two characteristics: The first feature is the same as the evolution of pronouns, that is, the grammatical functions of conjunctions are gradually generated by anaphoric cohesion. The second feature is that in the process of fusion, the role of conjunctions is mainly derived from pronouns, and the logical relations expressed by conjunctions are mainly derived from prepositions or verbs, such as "so", "so" and so on to denote causality and "cause". "Yi" comes from the preposition and means "by virtue". In the process of fusion, the preposition meaning of "cause" and "Yi" is extended as the apparent reason, and the pronoun "this" is gradually empty and generalized by referring to the above contents. The causality conjunctions are produced; For example, "plus" denotes progressive relations, and the connection function mainly comes from the verb meaning of "plus", which refers to the above content and becomes empty in the process of fusion. The preposition of "then" is generally used to introduce time, place, object, etc., the meaning of the words is relatively empty, no new semantics are added in the process of fusion, and the prepositions are evolved into conjunctions to represent acceptance. It is consistent with the evolution of pronouns alone. The third part is the conclusion, on the basis of each part of the study, we draw a conclusion. The semantic relationship between pronouns and their conjunctions evolved from pronouns is investigated one by one in this paper. The semantic relationship between conjunctions and pronouns in each stage of grammaticalization is described in detail.
【学位授予单位】：温州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

【参考文献】